Ko te waru me te huri i te rakau ārahi me te rakau pana o te tāpine waipēhi iti he tukanga matua i roto i te tāutanga me te whakatika i tētahi teihana hiko waipēhi iti.
Ko te nuinga o ngā whāriki o ngā tāpine waipēhi whakapae iti kāore he hanganga porowhita, ā, kāore he pūtu taumaha ā-taumaha o ngā papa pana. E whakaatuhia ana i te pikitia: Ko A he hanganga ā-taumaha; ko B kāore he pūtu taumaha ā-taumaha, ā, ko te papa pana e pēhia tika ana ki te anga papa. Ko te kaupapa matua o tēnei e kōrero ana mō ngā tikanga, ngā mahi me ngā whakaritenga o te waru me te tāuta mō tēnei āhua hanganga.
1. Ko ngā taputapu whakarite he kōhatu hinu tapatoru me te kōhatu hinu taha-rua. Ka taea te whakarite i te roa o te takahuri tapatoru kia rite ki ō ake tikanga. I te nuinga o te wā, he tika te whakamahi i te 6-8 karaka. Ka taea hoki te hanga anō i te takahuri tapatoru tawhito. Mena ka taea, ka taea hoki e koe te whakamahi i te maitai puna hei patu i te maripi papatahi kotahi, e rua rānei, he mea watea ake hei waru i te papa pana. Ka mahia te huri taratara o te takahuri tapatoru ki runga i te wira huri. I te wā e huri ana, me whakamatao katoa ki te wai kia kore ai e wera te takahuri tapatoru, kia ngawari hoki te whakamahana. Ka mahia te huri pai ki runga i te kōhatu hinu hei tango i ngā pakaru me ngā kohao tino iti i mahue i te wā e huri taratara ana. I te wā e huri pai ana, me tāpiri te hinu miihini (te hinu tāwhana rānei) hei whakamatao. Whakaritea te tēpu rawhi me te teitei e tika ana. Ka taea te whakaranu i te kaihoko whakaatu ki te mangumangu paowa me te hinu tāwhana, ki te whero rānei kua tāia.
2. Te horoi, te tango waikura me te tango i ngā pakaru. Me tango waikura me te tango pakaru te peera i mua i te waru. Ina koa, me horoi marie te mata whakakotahi o te rakau peera arataki, te mata hononga peera o te peera me te mata peera o te papa pana.
3. Te waru i te rakau whīra. Tuatahi, me whakataurite te pou matua o te tāpine, me te whakau, (taurite ≤ 0.08m / M) kia kore ai te hu e waruhia kia rite te āhua. Me ata whakarite kia ōrite te mata whīra katoa ki te maripi tapatoru hei tango i te onepu me ngā poke e piri ana ki te mata whīra. Me tango ngā poke e mau ana i roto i te koranu whīra kia kore ai e pā ki te kounga o te papa waru.
I muri i te horoinga o te pukapuka, puritia te rakau ārahi ki runga i te pukapuka, whakapirihia te pine kimi, rakahia te tīwiri, ka ine i te mata honohono o te rakau tautoko me te āputa i waenganui i te rakau me te pukapuka mā te ine ine hei whakatau i te matotoru o te pepa parahi ka tāpirihia ki te mata honohono (he mea tiaki te whakakī ā muri ake nei). – I te nuinga o te wā, he paparanga rua te papa parahi, ā, ka taea te tāpiri i te 0.10 ~ 0.20mm. Ko te mātāpono mō te whakatau i te matotoru katoa o te papa ko te waiho i te tahua waru o te 0.08 ~ 0.20 mō te rakau tautoko; I tetahi taha, me whakamana te kounga waru, i tetahi atu taha, me whakaiti te mahi o te waru i ngā taera kia rite ki te taea.
Whakatakotoria te pepa parahi kua tapahia ki runga i te mata hononga o te rakau whīra, puritia ngā rakau whīra e rua ki runga i te pukapuka, whakakīia ngā tīwiri whakapiri, hurihia te rakau whīra ka huri. Ki te kore e taea te huri, tangohia te rakau whīra, herea kia rua ki runga i te pukapuka, pēhia ki te ringaringa, hurihia ki mua, ki muri i te taha o te taha, kātahi ka awhi ka huri ina he āputa i waenganui i te rakau whīra me te pukapuka. I muri i te huri, ka pango, ka kanapa te wāhanga e pā ana ki te mata taera, ā, ka pango te wāhanga o runga engari kāore e kanapa. Tapahia te wāhanga pango me te kanapa me te takahuri tapatoru. Ina kore e kitea ngā ira pango kanapa, pania he paparanga o te kaihoko whakaatu ki runga i te pukapuka i mua i te huri. Hurihia, ka waruhia kia maha ngā wā kia tutuki ai te pānga me te āputa i waenganui i te mata whīra me te pukapuka ki ngā whakaritenga. I te nuinga o te wā, me whakapā atu te mata taera katoa i tēnei wā, engari kaua e nui rawa ngā wāhi e pā ana; kua tīmata te āputa ki te tata ki ngā whakaritenga, ā, he 0.03-0.05mm te āputa waru. Waruhia ngā anga whīra ki ngā taha e rua o te wira rere.
4. Te waru i te papa pana. Nā te mea he maha ngā wā ka waruhia te papa pana i te wā e kawe ana, e tiaki ana hoki, ka puta he kōhao i runga i te mata o te papa, nō reira me whakapiri tuatahi te pepa kirikiri whakarewa ki te pereti whakaata, ka pana te papa pana ki mua, ki muri i runga i te pepa kirikiri mō ētahi wā. I te wā e huri ana, kia rite te mata o te taera ki te pereti whakaata, ā, kia rite tonu te wā huri me te taumaha o ia taera, ki te kore ka rerekē te matotoru o te pana, ka nui ake te mahi waru.
Horoia te pereti whakaata me te mata o te papa, pēhia te papa pana ki runga i te pereti whakaata, hurihia kia neke atu i te tekau ngā wā, kia rite ki te ahunga hurihuri o te papa me te pereti whakaata, kātahi ka tangohia te papa pana hei waru. Kia pai te pa o ngā mata katoa o te peera ki te pereti whakaata, ka taea te huihui i te peera.
5. Te huihuinga o te peera me te waru pai. Tuatahi, whakatakotoria te nohoanga peera kua horoia ki tōna tūranga (ki runga i te anga turanga, ka taea te hono raupapa i ngā tīwiri whakapiri o te nohoanga peera engari kāore e whakakīkī), whakatakotoria te rakau peera o raro ki roto i te nohoanga peera, hiki mārire i te kakau nui ki roto i te rakau peera, whakatikatikahia te nohoanga peera mā te ine i te āputa o te rakau peera, kia tika te rārangi pokapū o te rakau peera i ngā taha e rua o te wira rere (tirohanga o runga: hapa whānui ≤ 2 waea), ā, kia tika ngā tūranga o mua me muri (me tāpiri he urunga ina nui te rerekētanga teitei o te nohoanga peera), kātahi ka raka i te tīwiri whakapiri o te nohoanga peera.
Hurihia ā-ringa te wira rere mō ētahi hurihanga, tangohia te rakau whāriki, ka tirohia te tohatoha o ngā pūwāhi pa o te rakau whāriki. Ina pai te pa o te mata whāriki katoa, ā, kua tutuki te āputa o te rakau whāriki i ngā whakaritenga (me tutuki te āputa ki ngā whakaritenga o te tuhi). Ki te kore e tohua, tangohia te 0.l ~ 0.2% o te diameter o te pukapuka hei waru. Waruhia ngā pūwāhi nui ki te kōnae tapatoru ka whakaranua ngā pūwāhi matotoru; ko te tauira maripi he mea rīpene, e whakamahia ana hei whakahaere i te rokiroki me te tohanga o te hinu tāpine. Ko te whakaritenga kia tohatohahia katoatia ngā pūwāhi pa ki roto i te koki kua whakaurua o te 60° ~ 70° i waenganui o te rakau whāriki o raro, ā, e tika ana kia 2-3 ngā pūwāhi mō ia henimita tapawha, kaua e nui rawa, kaua hoki e iti rawa.
Horoia te papa pana ki te kakahu mā. Kia oti te whakanoho, tāpirihia he hinu whakahinuhinu ki te papa whāriki ārahi, hurihia te wira rere, ka tāpirihia he pana axial hei huri i te papa pana me te pereti whakaata kia rite ki tōna tūranga tūturu. Tohua ia papa (kua mau te tūranga o te papa pana me te kōhao ine pāmahana me te tata ki te mata whakakotahi), tirohia te mata o te papa, waruhia anō te papa whakapā, ka huri ōrite i te pine i te tuara o te papa ki te kakahu whakakoi (he iti ake te huri, me ine ki te maikiromita diameter o roto, ki te caliper vernier rānei, ka whakaritea ki te papa angiangi). I tetahi taha, ko te kaupapa kia pai ake te pa o te mata o te papa ki te pereti whakaata, i tetahi atu taha, kia angiangi ake te papa pana "matotoru". Me pai te pa o ngā papa pana e 8 ki te tūranga tūturu. I te nuinga o te wā, he iti te papa pana o te tāwhana iti whakapae, ā, he iti te kawenga, kia kore ai e rakuraku te mata o te papa.
6. Waru pai. Kia oti te whakauru i te peera katoa ki tōna tūranga, ā, kia mārō te raima, tāpirihia te pana tuaka ki te huri, ā, whakatikahia, waruhia kia rite ki te pānga tuturu i waenga i te papa peera me te papa pana kia tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga o ngā tuhi me ngā whakaritenga.
Me whakatuwhera he awaawa hinu roa ki ngā taha e rua o te hononga o te rakau whāngai, ki tētahi taha rānei (te taha tuku hinu), engari me waiho kia 8mm te iti rawa o ngā upoko i ngā pito e rua kia kore ai e ngaro te hinu whakahinuhinu mai i ngā pito e rua. Ko te urunga hinu o te papa pana he 0.5mm te raro, ā, ko te whānui he 6 ~ 8mm pea. Ka taea te whakarite i te rakau whāngai me te papa pana i muri i te waru pai.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-13-2021
