Ukwehla kokuphuma kwe-hydro generator
(1) Imbangela
Ngaphansi kwesimo sekhanda lamanzi elingaguquki, lapho ukuvulwa kwe-vane ye-guide sekufinyelele ekuvuleni okungalayishiwe, kodwa i-turbine ingafinyeleli isivinini esilinganiselwe, noma lapho ukuvulwa kwe-vane ye-guide kukukhulu kunokuqala ekuphumeni okufanayo, kubhekwa ukuthi okukhiphayo kweyunithi kuyehla. Izizathu ezinkulu zokuncipha komkhiqizo yilezi ezilandelayo: 1. Ukulahleka kokugeleza kwe-hydraulic turbine; 2. Ukulahleka kwe-hydraulic turbine ye-hydraulic; 3. Ukulahleka kwemishini kwe-hydraulic turbine.
(2) Isibambo
1. Ngaphansi kwesimo sokusebenza kweyunithi noma ukuvala shaqa, ukujula okungaphansi kwamanzi kweshubhu esalungiswa akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-300mm (ngaphandle kwe-impulse turbine). 2. Naka ukuphuma kwamanzi noma ukuphuma kwamanzi ukuze ugcine ukugeleza kwamanzi kulinganisiwe futhi kungaphazamiseki. 3. Gcina umgijimi egijima ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile futhi uvale ukuze ahlolwe futhi alashwe uma kuba nomsindo. 4. Nge-axial flow fixed blade turbine, uma okukhiphayo kweyunithi kwehla ngokuzumayo futhi nokudlidliza kuba namandla, izovalwa ngokushesha ukuze ihlolwe.
I-2, izinga lokushisa lephedi elithwala iyunithi likhuphuka kakhulu
(1) Imbangela
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-turbine bearings: i-guide bear kanye ne-thrust bear. Izimo zokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwe- bearing ukufakwa okulungile, ukugcotshwa okuhle kanye nokunikezwa okujwayelekile kwamanzi okupholisa. Izindlela zokugcoba ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ukugcotshwa kwamanzi, ukugcotshwa kwamafutha amancane kanye nokugcotshwa okomile. Izizathu zokukhuphuka okubukhali kokushisa kwe-shaft zimi kanje: okokuqala, ikhwalithi yokufaka i-bearing impofu noma ukuthwala kugqokwe; Okwesibili, ukwehluleka kwesistimu kawoyela wokugcoba; Okwesithathu, ilebula yamafutha okugcoba ayihambisani noma izinga likawoyela liphansi; Okwesine, ukuhluleka kwesistimu yamanzi okupholisa; Okwesihlanu, iyunithi iyadlidliza ngenxa yesizathu esithile; Okwesithupha, izinga likawoyela le-bearing liphansi kakhulu ngenxa yokuvuza kwamafutha.
(2) Isibambo
1. Ngama-bearings agcotshiwe amanzi, amanzi okugcoba kufanele ahlungwe ngokuqinile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yamanzi. Amanzi akufanele aqukathe inani elikhulu le-sediment kanye nezinto zamafutha ukuze kuncishiswe ukuguga kwama-bearings kanye nokuguga kwerabha.
2. Ama-bearings agcotshisiwe kawoyela azacile ngokuvamile asebenzisa ukuzijikeleza kwawo, nge-oil slinger ne-thrust disc. Azungeziswa yiyunithi futhi ahlinzekwa ngamafutha ngokuzijikeleza. Naka kakhulu isimo sokusebenza se-oil slinger. Isihlilingi samafutha asiyikubhajwa. Ukunikezwa kukawoyela ku-thrust disc kanye nezinga likawoyela lethangi likawoyela lemeyili kufanele libe izinga.
3. Gcoba ukuthwala ngamafutha omile. Naka ukuthi ukucaciswa kwamafutha omile kuyahambisana yini namafutha athwalayo nokuthi izinga likawoyela lihle yini. Engeza uwoyela njalo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi imvume yokuthwala ingu-1/3 ~ 2/5.
4. Umshini wokuvala wepayipi lamanzi okuthwala kanye nokupholisa kufanele uqine ukuvimbela amanzi okucindezela nothuli ekungeneni ku-bearing futhi kulimaze ukugcotshwa okuvamile kwebheringi.
5. Ukufakwa kwemvume yokufakwa kwe-lubricating bear kuhlobene nokucindezela kweyunithi, isivinini somugqa wokujikeleza, imodi yokugcoba, i-viscosity yamafutha, ukucubungula ingxenye, ukunemba kokufaka nokudlidliza kweyunithi.
3, Ukudlidliza kweyunithi
(1) Ukudlidliza komshini, ukudlidliza okubangelwa izizathu zemishini.
isizathu; Okokuqala, i-hydraulic turbine ichemile; Okwesibili, isikhungo se-axis se-turbine yamanzi kanye nejeneretha ayilungile futhi ukuxhuma akukuhle; Okwesithathu, ukuthwala kunamaphutha noma ukulungiswa okungalungile kokuvunyelwa, ikakhulukazi imvume inkulu kakhulu; Okwesine, kukhona ukungqubuzana nokushayisana phakathi kwezingxenye ezijikelezayo nezingxenye ezimile
(2)Ukudlidliza kwe-hydraulic, ukudlidliza kweyunithi okubangelwa ukungalingani kwamanzi ageleza kumgijimi
Izizathu: okokuqala, i-vane yomhlahlandlela yonakalisiwe futhi ibhawodi liphukile, okuholela ekuvulekeni okuhlukile kwe-vane yomhlahlandlela kanye nokugeleza kwamanzi angalingani azungeze umgijimi; Okwesibili, kukhona ama-sundries ku-volute noma umgijimi uvinjelwe ama-sundries, ukuze ukugeleza kwamanzi azungeze umgijimi kungalingani; Okwesithathu, ukugeleza kwamanzi kushubhu okusalungiswa akuzinzile, okuholela ezinguqukweni zezikhathi ezithile kumfutho wamanzi weshubhu esalungiswa, noma umoya ungena endaweni evunguzayo ye-hydraulic turbine, okubangela ukudlidliza kweyunithi nokuduma kokugeleza kwamanzi.
(3) Ukudlidliza kukagesi kubhekisela ekudlidlizeni kweyunithi okubangelwa ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi noma ukushintsha kwenani likagesi kungazelelwe.
Izizathu: okokuqala, i-current yezigaba ezintathu ze-generator ayilingani kakhulu. Ngenxa yokungalingani kwamanje, amandla kazibuthe ezigaba ezintathu awalingani; Okwesibili, ushintsho olusheshayo lwamanje olubangelwa ingozi kagesi luholela ekungavumelaniseni ngaso leso sikhathi kwejubane le-generator ne-turbine; Okwesithathu, igebe elingalingani phakathi kwe-stator ne-rotor libangela ukungazinzi kwensimu yamagnetic ejikelezayo.
(4) Ukudlidliza kwe-Cavitation, ukudlidliza kweyunithi okubangelwa i-cavitation.
Izizathu: okokuqala, i-amplitude yokudlidliza okubangelwa ukungalingani kwe-hydraulic yanda ngokunyuka kokugeleza; Okwesibili, ukudlidliza okubangelwa umgijimi ongalingani, ukuxhumeka okungalungile kweyunithi kanye ne-eccentricity, futhi i-amplitude iyanda ngokunyuka kwejubane elijikelezayo; Okwesithathu ukudlidliza okubangelwa ijeneretha kagesi. I-amplitude iyanda ngokukhula kwe-excitation current. Lapho isasasa lisusiwe, ukudlidliza kunganyamalala; Okwesine ukudlidliza okubangelwa ukuguguleka kwe-cavitation. I-amplitude yayo ihlobene nendawo yomthwalo, ngezinye izikhathi iphazamiseka futhi ngezinye izikhathi inobudlova. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kunomsindo ongqongqozayo ku-tube yokusalungiswa, futhi kungase kube nokushwibeka kumitha ye-vacuum.
4, Izinga lokushisa lephedi lokuthwala leyunithi liyakhuphuka futhi liphezulu kakhulu
(1) Imbangela
1. Izizathu zokugcinwa nokufakwa: ukuvuza komcengezi kawoyela, indawo yokufaka engalungile ye-pitot tube, igebe lethayela elingafanelekile, ukudlidliza kweyunithi okungavamile okubangelwa ikhwalithi yokufaka, njll;
2. Izizathu zokusebenza: ukusebenza endaweni yokudlidliza, ukuhluleka ukubheka izinga likawoyela othwele okungavamile kanye nezinga likawoyela, ukwehluleka ukwengeza uwoyela ngesikhathi, ukwehluleka ukubona ukuphazamiseka kwamanzi okupholisa kanye nomthamo wamanzi onganele, okuholela ekusebenzeni kwesikhathi eside kwejubane eliphansi lomshini, njll.
(2) Isibambo
1. Lapho izinga lokushisa elithwalayo likhuphuka, qala uhlole uwoyela wokugcoba, engeza uwoyela owengeziwe ngesikhathi noma thintana ukuze ushintshe uwoyela; Lungisa umfutho wamanzi okupholisa noma shintsha imodi yokuphakela amanzi; Hlola ukuthi ukudlidliza kweyunithi kuyaweqa yini izinga. Uma ukudlidliza kungenakuqedwa, kuzovalwa;
2. Uma kunendawo yokuvikela izinga lokushisa, qapha ukuthi ukuvala shaqa kuyinto evamile futhi uhlole ukuthi isihlahla esithwalayo sishile yini. Uma Isihlahla sesishisiwe, esikhundleni saso ufake isihlahla esisha noma usigaye futhi.
5, Ukwehluleka kokulawula isivinini
Lapho ukuvulwa kombusi kuvalwe ngokugcwele, umgijimi akakwazi ukuma kuze kube yilapho ukuvulwa kwe-vane ye-guide kungakwazi ukulawulwa ngempumelelo. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi ukuhluleka kokulawula isivinini. Izizathu: okokuqala, uxhumano lwe-vane yomhlahlandlela igobile, engakwazi ukulawula ngokuphumelelayo ukuvulwa kwe-vane yomhlahlandlela, ukuze i-vane yomhlahlandlela ingavalwa, futhi iyunithi ayikwazi ukumisa. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi amanye amayunithi amancane awanawo amadivaysi okubhuleka, futhi iyunithi ayikwazi ukuma isikhashana ngaphansi kwesenzo se-inertia. Ngalesi sikhathi, ungacabangi ngephutha ukuthi ayikavalwa. Uma uqhubeka nokuvala i-vane yomhlahlandlela, induku yokuxhuma izogoba. Okwesibili, ukwehluleka kokulawulwa kwejubane kubangelwa ukwehluleka kombusi ozenzakalelayo. Esimeni sokusebenza okungavamile kweyunithi ye-turbine yamanzi, ikakhulukazi uma kwenzeka kuba nenkinga ekusebenzeni okuphephile kweyunithi, zama ukumisa umshini ngokushesha ukuze ulashwe. Ukugijima kancane kuzokhulisa iphutha kuphela. Uma umbusi ehluleka futhi indlela yokuvula i-vane yegayidi ingakwazi ukuma, i-valve eyinhloko ye-turbine izosetshenziswa ukunqamula ukugeleza kwamanzi ku-turbine.
Ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa: 1. Hlanza njalo izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zendlela yokuqondisa amanzi, uyigcine ihlanzekile, futhi njalo ugcwalise ingxenye enyakazayo; 2. Indawo yokubeka udoti kufanele isethwe endaweni yokungena futhi ihlanzwe njalo; 3. Ngenjini esebenza ngogesi enanoma iyiphi idivayisi yemoto, naka ukushintshwa okufika ngesikhathi kwamaphedi amabhuleki bese wengeza uwoyela wamabhuleki.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-18-2021
