1. Menene gyare-gyare guda shida da abubuwan daidaitawa a cikin shigarwa na inji? Yadda za a gane da yarda sabawa electromechanical shigarwa kayan aiki?
Amsa: Abubuwa:
1) Jirgin yana tsaye, a kwance kuma a tsaye. 2) Zagaye na cylindrical surface kanta, tsakiyar matsayi da tsakiyar juna. 3) M, kwance, tsaye da matsayi na tsakiya na shaft. 4) Matsayin sashi akan jirgin sama a kwance. 5) Hawan (dagawa) na bangare. 6) Rata tsakanin saman da saman, da dai sauransu.
Don ƙayyade ƙayyadaddun izini don shigar da kayan aikin lantarki, amincin aikin naúrar da sauƙi na shigarwa dole ne a yi la'akari da shi. Idan ƙetare shigarwar da aka yarda ya yi ƙanƙanta, aikin gyaran gyare-gyare da gyare-gyare zai zama mai rikitarwa, kuma ya kamata a tsawaita lokacin gyarawa da daidaitawa; Dole ne a ƙayyade ɓarna da aka yarda da shigarwa Idan ya yi girma sosai, zai rage daidaiton shigarwa na sashin makarantar da aminci da amincin aiki, kuma kai tsaye ya shafi samar da wutar lantarki na yau da kullun.
2. Me yasa za'a iya kawar da kuskuren mitar matakin murabba'in kanta ta hanyar juya ma'aunin kai?
Amsa: Tsammanin cewa ƙarshen mitar matakin shine A kuma ɗayan ƙarshen shine B, kuskuren kansa yana haifar da kumfa don matsawa zuwa ƙarshen A (a hagu) adadin grid shine m. Lokacin amfani da wannan matakin don auna matakin ɓangaren, kuskuren matakin da kansa yana haifar da kumfa don ƙare A (A hagu) motsa grid m, bayan juyawa, kuskuren da ke ciki yana sa kumfa har yanzu yana motsa adadin grids zuwa ƙarshen A (a yanzu), a cikin kishiyar shugabanci, wanda shine -m, sannan amfani da dabarar δ= (A1 + A2) na kuskuren ciki / 2 * A cikin ƙididdiga na ciki. soke juna, wanda ba shi da wani tasiri a kan adadin ƙwayoyin da kumfa ke motsawa saboda sassan ba daidai ba ne, don haka kawar da tasirin kuskuren na'urar akan ma'aunin.
3. A taƙaice bayyana gyare-gyare da gyare-gyaren abubuwa da hanyoyin shigar da daftarin bututu?
Hanyar amsa: Na farko, sanya alamar X, -X, Y, -Y matsayi a kan bakin babba na rufin, shigar da firam na cibiyar haɓakawa a wurin da ramin kankare ya fi girma fiye da radius na waje na zoben wurin zama, kuma motsa tsakiyar layi da haɓaka naúrar zuwa tsayi A tsakiyar firam, X-axis da Y-axis piano an rataye shi a tsaye a kan jirgin sama da tsayin X. Layukan piano guda biyu suna da ɗan bambanci tsayi. Bayan an gina cibiyar dagawa da sake dubawa, za a gudanar da cibiyar da aka rufe. Aunawa da daidaitawa. Rataya guduma masu nauyi huɗu a wurin da layin piano ya daidaita tare da alamar bututun saman rufin, daidaita jack da shimfiɗa don tip ɗin guduma mai nauyi ya daidaita tare da alamar bututun ƙarfe na sama, a wannan lokacin tsakiyar bututun na sama na rufin da tsakiyar sashin gaba ɗaya. Sannan yi amfani da mai sarrafa karfe don auna nisa daga mafi ƙasƙanci na bututun ƙarfe zuwa layin piano. Yi amfani da layin piano don saita tsayin da kuma cire nisa don samun ainihin tsayin bututun mai rufi. A cikin kewayon karkatacciyar hanya.
4. Yadda za a aiwatar da pre-installing da kuma sanyawa na kasa zobe da kuma saman murfin?
Amsa: Da farko, rataya zoben ƙasa a kan ƙananan jirgin sama na zoben wurin zama. Dangane da ratar da ke tsakanin zoben ƙasa da rami na biyu na zoben wurin zama, yi amfani da faranti don daidaita tsakiyar zoben ƙasa da farko, sa'an nan kuma rataye a cikin rabin ɓangarorin jagora mai motsi daidai gwargwadon lamba. Vane ɗin jagora yana jujjuyawa cikin sassauƙa kuma ana iya karkatar da shi zuwa kewaye, in ba haka ba, za a sarrafa diamita mai ɗaukar hoto, sannan za a dakatar da murfin saman da hannun riga. Ana amfani da tsakiyar ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun zoben da ke ƙasa a matsayin ma'auni, rataya tsakiyar layin injin turbine, auna tsakiyar da zagaye na zoben ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ɗigo, da daidaita matsayin tsakiyar murfin saman, don haka bambanci tsakanin kowane radius da matsakaicin kada ya wuce ratawar ƙira na zobe-hujja ± 10%, bayan an gama daidaita murfin zoben da aka haɗe. Sa'an nan kuma auna da daidaita coaxial na zobe na kasa da murfin saman, sannan a ƙarshe daidaita kawai zoben ƙasa bisa saman murfin, yi amfani da farantin wedge don yanke rata tsakanin zobe na ƙasa da rami na uku na zoben wurin zama, kuma daidaita motsi na radial na zoben ƙasa. Yi amfani da jacks 4 don daidaita motsin axial, auna sharewa tsakanin babba da ƙananan ƙofofin jagorar vane don yin △ babba ≈ △ ƙarami, kuma auna sharewa tsakanin bushing vane ɗin jagora da jarida don sanya shi cikin kewayon da aka yarda. Sa'an nan kuma zazzage ramukan fil don murfin saman da zobe na ƙasa bisa ga zane-zane, kuma murfin saman da zoben ƙasa an riga an haɗa su.
5. Bayan an ɗaga ɓangaren jujjuyawar injin turbine a cikin rami, ta yaya za a daidaita shi?
Amsa: Da farko daidaita wurin tsakiya, daidaita tazarar da ke tsakanin ƙaramin o-ring mai jujjuya da rami na huɗu na zoben wurin zama, ɗaga ƙananan ƙayyadaddun zoben o-leak, tuƙi a cikin fil ɗin, ƙara maƙallan haɗin kai tsaye, sannan auna ƙaramin jujjuyawar tasha tare da ma'aunin abin ji. Rata tsakanin zoben yatsa da ƙananan ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ratar da aka auna, yi amfani da jack don daidaita matsayin tsakiyar mai gudu, kuma yi amfani da alamar bugun kira don saka idanu akan daidaitawa. Sa'an nan daidaita matakin, sanya matakin a kan X, -X, Y, da -Y hudu matsayi na flange surface na turbine main shaft, sa'an nan daidaita da wedge farantin karkashin mai gudu don sa flange surface sabawa da damar kewayon.
6. Menene hanyoyin shigarwa gabaɗaya bayan an ɗaga na'urar injin injin injin da aka dakatar?
Amsa: 1) Zuba tushe kashi II kankare; 2) Hoisting na babba frame; 3) Ƙaddamar da ƙaddamarwa; 4) Daidaita axis janareta; 5) Main shaft dangane 6) Daidaita axis naúrar; 7) Ƙaddamar da Ƙarfin Ƙarfi; 8) gyara tsakiyar ɓangaren juyi; 9) shigar da jagoran jagora; 10) shigar da exciter da na'urar maganadisu na dindindin; 11) shigar da wasu kayan haɗi;
7. Bayyana hanyar shigarwa da matakai na tayal jagorar ruwa.
Amsa: Hanyar shigarwa 1) Daidaita matsayi na shigarwa bisa ga ƙayyadadden ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ruwa, ƙuƙwalwar axis na naúrar da matsayi na babban shaft; 2) Shigar da takalmin jagorar ruwa daidai bisa ga buƙatun ƙira; 3) Ƙayyade gyarawar sakewa Bayan haka, yi amfani da jacks ko faranti don daidaitawa;
8. A taƙaice bayyana haɗari da maganin shaft current.
Amsa: Hazard: Saboda kasancewar shaft current, akwai ɗan ƙaramin zaizayar ƙasa tsakanin mujallar da daji mai ɗaukar nauyi, wanda hakan ya sa a hankali adon da ke ɗauke da shi ya manne wa mujallar, yana lalata kyakkyawan aikin dajin, yana haifar da zafi mai zafi, har ma da lalata ɗigon. Alloy mai ɗaukar nauyi yana narkewa; Bugu da kari, saboda dadewa da electrolysis na halin yanzu, man shafawa kuma zai lalace, baƙar fata, rage aikin mai, da kuma ƙara yawan zafin jiki. Jiyya: Don hana magudanar ruwa daga lalata daji mai ɗaukar nauyi, dole ne a raba abin ɗamara daga tushe tare da insulator don yanke madauki na yanzu. Gabaɗaya, ƙullun da ke gefen exciter (ƙugiya da jagora), tushe na mai karɓar mai, igiyar waya na gwamna, da dai sauransu dole ne a rufe su, kuma dole ne a sanya shinge na gyaran gyare-gyaren skru da fil. Duk insulators dole ne a bushe a gaba. Bayan an shigar da insulator, ya kamata a duba rufin mai ɗaukar hoto tare da girgizar 500V don zama ƙasa da 0.5 megohm
9. A taƙaice bayyana manufa da hanyar juya sashin.
Amsa: Manufa: Tunda ainihin yanayin juzu'i na farantin madubi bai dace da axis na naúrar ba, kuma ita kanta axis ba madaidaiciyar layi ba ce, lokacin da naúrar ke juyawa, tsakiyar layin naúrar zai karkata daga tsakiyar layin. Auna da daidaita axis don nazarin sanadi, girma da fuskantar juzu'in axis. Kuma ta hanyar hanyar da za a yi amfani da shimfidar haɗuwa mai dacewa, rashin daidaituwa tsakanin tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsaki na farantin madubi da axis, da kuma haɗin haɗin flange da axis za a iya gyarawa, don haka ana iya rage juyawa zuwa iyakar da ka'idoji suka yarda.
Hanya:
1) Yi amfani da crane gada a cikin masana'anta a matsayin iko, hanyar ja ta hanyar saitin igiyoyin ƙarfe na ƙarfe da ƙwanƙwasa-masu aikin injiniya.
2) Direct halin yanzu ana amfani da stator da na'ura mai juyi windings don samar da electromagnetic karfi jan hanya - Electric crank 3) Ga kananan raka'a, shi ne kuma zai yiwu a da hannu tura naúrar don juya a hankali - manual cranking 10. Brief bayanin bel Hannun kula da iska shrouds da kuma karshen fuska kai daidaita ruwa hatimin na'urorin.
Amsa: 1) Lura da matsayin mai ɓarna akan shaft ɗin sannan a cire mai ɓarna, sannan a duba sawar farantin ƙarfe na ƙarfe na ƙarfe. Idan akwai burrs ko ramuka masu zurfi, ana iya daidaita su da dutsen mai zuwa wajen juyawa. Idan akwai tsagi mai zurfi ko matsanancin lalacewa ko lalata, yakamata a daidaita motar.
2) Cire farantin matsi, lura da tsari na tubalan nailan, fitar da tubalan nailan kuma duba lalacewa. Idan kuna buƙatar magance shi, to sai ku danna duk faranti ɗin da aka latsa kuma ku tsara su tare, sannan ku sanya alamun da aka tsara tare da fayil, sannan kuyi amfani da dandamali don bincika shimfidar saman bayan an haɗa toshe nailan. Ana buƙatar sakamakon bayan gyara don isa
3) A kwance diski mai rufewa na sama sannan a duba ko diski na roba ya lalace. Idan ya ƙare, canza shi da sabon. 4) Cire ruwan bazara, cire laka da tsatsa, a duba elasticity na matsawa daya bayan daya, a maye gurbinsa da wani sabo idan nakasar filastik ta faru.
5) Cire bututun shigar iska da haɗin gwiwa na shroud na iska, kwance murfin rufewa, fitar da mayafin, sannan a duba abin da ya sa suturar. Idan akwai lalacewa ko lalacewa na gida, ana iya magance shi ta hanyar gyara zafi.
6) Cire fil ɗin sakawa kuma a kwaɓe zoben matsakaici. Tsaftace duk sassa kafin shigarwa.
11. Waɗanne hanyoyi ne don gane haɗin kai tsaye? Menene fa'idodin hanyar hannun riga mai zafi?
Amsa: Hanyoyi biyu: 1) Hanyar shiga; 2) Hanyar zafi mai zafi; Abũbuwan amfãni: 1) Ana iya shigar da shi ba tare da matsa lamba ba; 2) Abubuwan da ke fitowa a kan haɗin gwiwa ba sa sawa ta hanyar axial gogayya yayin taro. Flat, don haka yana inganta ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa sosai;
12. A taƙaice bayyana gyare-gyare da gyara abubuwa da hanyoyin shigar zoben wurin zama?
Amsa:
(1) Abubuwan daidaitawa sun haɗa da: (a) cibiyar; (b) tsayi; (c) daraja
(2) Hanyar gyarawa da daidaitawa:
(a) Ma'auni da daidaitawa na cibiyar: Bayan an ɗaga zoben wurin zama kuma an sanya shi da ƙarfi, rataya layin piano na rukunin, kuma an ja layin piano sama da alamar X, -X, Y, -Y akan zoben wurin zama da kuma saman flange Rataya hamma masu nauyi huɗu bi da bi don ganin ko tip ɗin guduma mai nauyi ya yi daidai da alamar tsakiya; idan ba haka ba, yi amfani da kayan ɗagawa don daidaita matsayin zoben wurin zama don daidaita shi.
(b) Girman girma da daidaitawa: Yi amfani da mai mulki na karfe don auna nisa daga saman saman zoben wurin zama zuwa layin piano na giciye. Idan bai dace da buƙatun ba, ana iya amfani da farantin ƙananan wutsiya don daidaitawa.
(c) Ma'auni na kwance da daidaitawa: Yi amfani da katako a kwance tare da ma'aunin matakin murabba'i don auna kan saman flange na sama na zoben wurin zama. Dangane da sakamakon ma'auni da ƙididdiga, yi amfani da ƙananan farantin ƙugiya don daidaitawa, daidaitawa da ƙara matsawa. Kuma sake maimaita ma'auni da daidaitawa, kuma jira har sai kullin kulle ya kasance daidai kuma matakin ya cika bukatun.
13. A taƙaice bayyana hanyar tantance cibiyar injin injin injin Francis?
Amsa: Ƙaddamar da cibiyar injin turbin Francis gabaɗaya ya dogara ne akan hawan tangkou na biyu na zoben wurin zama. Da farko raba ramin na biyu na zoben wurin zama zuwa maki 8-16 tare da kewaye, sannan ka rataya wayar piano a saman jirgin sama na zoben wurin zama ko jirgin ƙasa na ƙananan firam na janareta, kuma auna rami na biyu na zoben wurin zama tare da tef ɗin ƙarfe. Nisa tsakanin maki huɗu masu ma'ana na bakin da gatari X da Y zuwa layin piano, daidaita na'urar cibiyar ƙwallon ƙwallon ta yadda radiyoyin maki biyu masu ma'ana su kasance tsakanin 5mm, kuma daidaita matsayin layin piano da farko, sannan daidaita piano bisa ga ɓangaren zobe da hanyar auna cibiyar. Layi don ya wuce ta tsakiyar kandami na biyu, kuma wurin da aka daidaita shi ne tsakiyar shigarwar turbine.
14. A taƙaice kwatanta rawar turawa? Wadanne nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan kayan turawa ne guda uku? Wadanne abubuwa ne manyan abubuwan da ke tattare da turawa?
Amsa: Aiki: Don ɗaukar ƙarfin axial na naúrar da nauyin duk sassa masu juyawa. Rarraba: ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ginshiƙan turawa, ma'auni toshe matsar ɗaukar nauyi, ginshiƙan tura ruwa mai ƙarfi. Babban abubuwan haɗin gwiwa: tura kai, kushin turawa, farantin madubi, zoben karye.
15. A taƙaice bayyana ra'ayi da hanyar daidaitawa na bugun jini.
Amsa: Ra'ayi: Matsawar bugun jini shine daidaita bugun bugun servomotor ta yadda vane jagora har yanzu yana da ƴan milimita na gefen bugun jini (zuwa hanyar rufewa) bayan an rufe shi. Ana kiran wannan gefen bugun bugun ta hanyar daidaita bugun bugun bugun jini: lokacin da mai sarrafawa Lokacin da piston servomotor da piston servomotor ke cikin cikakken rufaffiyar matsayi, ja da iyakacin sukurori akan kowane servomotor waje zuwa ƙimar bugun bugun da ake buƙata. Ana iya sarrafa wannan ƙimar ta adadin jujjuyawar farar.
16. Menene manyan dalilai guda uku na girgiza naúrar ruwa?
Amsa:
(1) Vibration da ke haifar da dalilai na inji: 1. Yawan rotor ba shi da daidaituwa. 2. Axis na naúrar ba madaidaiciya. 3. Rashin lahani. (2) Vibration da ke haifar da dalilai na hydraulic: 1. Tasirin kwararar ruwa a mashigin mai gudu wanda ya haifar da rashin daidaituwar ruwa na volute da jagorar vanes. 2. Carmen vortex jirgin kasa. 3. Cavitation a cikin rami. 4. Jiragen saman tsaka-tsaki. 5. Matsi na bugun zoben anti-leak
(3) Vibration da ke haifar da abubuwan electromagnetic: 1. Rotor winding gajere ne. 2) Tazarar iska ba ta dace ba.
17. Taƙaitaccen bayanin: (1) Rashin daidaituwa a tsaye da rashin daidaituwa mai ƙarfi?
Amsa: Rashin daidaituwa: Tunda rotor na turbine baya kan gadar jujjuyawa, lokacin da na'urar ta kasance a tsaye, rotor ba zai iya tsayawa ba a kowane matsayi. Ana kiran wannan al'amari na rashin daidaituwa.
Rashin daidaituwa mai ƙarfi: yana nufin al'amarin girgizar da ke haifar da sifar da ba ta dace ba ko rashin daidaituwa na sassan jujjuyawar injin injin yayin aiki.
18. Taƙaitaccen bayanin: (2) Dalilin gwajin ma'auni na ma'auni na mai gudu na turbine?
Amsa: Shi ne don a rage ficewar cibiyar nauyi mai gudu zuwa kewayon da aka yarda da ita, ta yadda za a kauce wa ficewar cibiyar nauyi mai gudu; Ƙarfin centrifugal da naúrar ke samarwa zai sa babban shaft ɗin ya haifar da lalacewa a lokacin aiki, ƙara jujjuyawar jagorar ruwa ko haifar da turbine Vibration yayin aiki na iya lalata sassan naúrar kuma ya sassauta ƙugiya, haifar da manyan haɗari. 18. Yadda za a auna zagaye na waje na cylindrical?
Amsa: An shigar da alamar bugun kira akan hannun madaidaicin madaurin, kuma sandar aunawa tana cikin hulɗa da saman silinda da aka auna. Lokacin da madaidaicin ke juyawa a kusa da axis, ƙimar da aka karanta daga alamar bugun kira tana nuna zagayen saman da aka auna.
19. Sanin tsarin tsarin micrometer diamita na ciki, bayyana yadda ake amfani da hanyar da'irar lantarki don auna siffar sassan da matsayi na tsakiya? Amsa: Da farko nemo wayar piano bisa rami na biyu na zoben wurin zama, sannan yi amfani da wannan da wayar piano a matsayin ma'auni. Yi amfani da micrometer diamita na ciki don samar da da'irar lantarki tsakanin ɓangaren zobe da wayar piano, daidaita tsayin micrometer diamita na ciki, kuma zana da'irar tare da layin piano, ƙasa, hagu, da dama. Dangane da sautin, ana iya yanke hukunci ko micrometer diamita na ciki yana hulɗa da wayar piano don yin ɓangaren zobe. Da ma'aunin matsayi na tsakiya.
20. Gabaɗaya hanyoyin shigarwa don injin turbin Francis?
Amsa: Shigar da daftarin tube rufi → zuba kankare a kusa da daftarin tube, wurin zama zobe, volute buttress pier → wurin zama zobe, tushe zobe tsaftacewa, hade da wurin zama zobe, kafuwar zobe tapered bututu shigarwa → ƙafa kujera zobe tushe bolt kankare → Single Section volute taro → Volute shigarwa da walda → inji rami rufi da binne bututu shigarwa → kankare zubo a kasa da janareta lif da kuma aukaka wurin zama → Ƙaddamar da wurin zama → janareta matakin gyarawa da janareta → Cibiyar injin turbine → ƙananan tsaftataccen tsayayyen zobe mai tsafta da taro → ƙananan kafaffen Tsayawar zobe → saman murfin da tsabtace zoben wurin zama, taro → injin jagorar ruwa kafin shigarwa → Babban shaft da haɗin gudu naúrar.
21. Menene ainihin buƙatun fasaha don shigar da tsarin jagorancin ruwa?
Amsa: 1) Tsakiyar zobe na kasa da murfin saman ya kamata su dace da layin tsakiya na naúrar; 2) Zoben kasa da murfin saman su kasance daidai da juna, kuma layukan zanen X da Y da ke kansu su kasance daidai da layukan zanen X da Y na rukunin. Babban ramuka na sama da ƙananan ramuka na vane jagora ya kamata su zama coaxial; 3) Tsabtace fuska mai jagora vane ƙarshen fuska da matsananciyar lokacin rufewa yakamata ya dace da buƙatun; 4) Aikin jagorar ɓangaren watsa vane ya kamata ya zama mai sassauƙa kuma abin dogara.
22. Yadda za a haɗa mai gudu da sandal?
Amsa: Da farko haɗa babban igiya tare da murfin mai gudu, sa'an nan kuma haɗa tare da jikin mai gudu tare ko fara shigar da bolts a cikin ramukan dunƙule na murfin mai gudu daidai da lambar, kuma rufe ƙananan ɓangaren da farantin karfe. Bayan gwajin yayyan hatimi ya cancanci, Sannan haɗa babban shaft tare da murfin mai gudu.
23. Yadda za a canza nauyin rotor?
Amsa: Juya birki na goro yana da sauƙi. Matukar an ɗaga rotor sama da matsi na mai, ba a kwance nut ɗin kulle ba, kuma rotor ɗin ya sake sauke, nauyinsa yana jujjuya shi zuwa abin da ake turawa.
24. Menene maƙasudin fara aikin gwaji na saitin janareta na ruwa?
Amsa:
1) Duba ingancin ginin gine-ginen gine-ginen gine-gine, ko ingancin shigarwa ya dace da buƙatun ƙira da ƙa'idodi da ƙayyadaddun bayanai.
2) Ta hanyar dubawa kafin da kuma bayan aikin gwaji, aikin da ya ɓace ko wanda ba a gama ba da kuma lahani a cikin injiniya da kayan aiki za a iya samuwa a cikin lokaci.
3) Ta hanyar aikin gwaji na farawa, fahimtar yanayin shigarwa na tsarin hydraulic da kayan aikin lantarki, kuma ku mallaki injin lantarki.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba 14-2021
