Imveliso ye-hydro-generator iyawa
Isizathu
Kwimeko yentloko yamanzi engaguqukiyo, xa ukuvulwa kwe-guide vane kufikelelwe kwindawo evulekileyo engenamthwalo, kodwa i-turbine ingafikelelanga kwisantya esilinganisiweyo, okanye xa ukukhutshwa okufanayo, ukuvulwa kwe-guide vane kuneyona yokuqala, kucingelwa ukuba ukukhutshwa kweyunithi kuye kwehla. Izizathu eziphambili zokwehla kokuphuma zezi: 1. Ukulahleka kokuhamba kwe-turbine yamanzi; 2. Ukulahleka kokugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-turbine yamanzi; 3. Ukulahleka koomatshini kwe-turbine yamanzi.
Ukucutshungulwa
1. Xa iyunithi isebenza okanye ivala, qiniseka ukuba ubunzulu bokuntywiliselwa kwetyhubhu yomoya bungaphantsi kwe-300mm (ngaphandle kwe-impact turbine). 2. Nika ingqalelo ekungeneni kwamanzi okanye ekuphumeni kwawo ukuze ugcine ukuhamba kwamanzi kulinganisiwe kwaye kungaphazanyiswa. 3. Gcina i-runner isebenza kwimeko eqhelekileyo, kwaye umise umatshini ukuze uhlolwe ukuba kukho ingxolo. 4. Kwii-turbines ze-axial-flow fixed-blade, ukuba imveliso yeyunithi iyehla ngequbuliso kwaye ukungcangcazela kwanda, kufuneka ivalwe ngoko nangoko ukuze ihlolwe.
Ubushushu besihlahla esithwalayo seyunithi bunyuka kakhulu
Isizathu
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeebheringi zeturbine: i-guide bearing kunye ne-thrust bearing. Iimeko zokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwebheringi kukufakelwa ngokuchanekileyo, ukuthambisa kakuhle kunye nokunikezelwa okuqhelekileyo kwamanzi okupholisa. Zihlala zikho iindlela ezintathu zokuthambisa: ukuthambisa ngamanzi, ukuthambisa ioyile encinci kunye nokuthambisa okomileyo. Izizathu zokunyuka okukhulu kobushushu be-shaft zezi: okokuqala, umgangatho ophantsi wokufakwa kweebheringi okanye ukuguguleka kweebheringi; okwesibini, ukusilela kwenkqubo yeoyile yokuthambisa; okwesithathu, ilebhile yeoyile yokuthambisa engaguqukiyo okanye umgangatho ophantsi yeoyile; okwesine, ukusilela kwenkqubo yamanzi okupholisa; okwesihlanu, ngenxa yesizathu esithile Yenza iyunithi ingcangcazele; Okwesithandathu, ukuvuza kweoyile yebheringi kunye nenqanaba leoyile liphantsi kakhulu.
Ukucutshungulwa
1. Iibheringi ezithanjiswe ngamanzi. Amanzi athambisayo kufuneka ahluzwe ngokungqongqo ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wamanzi. Amanzi akufuneki abe nesanti eninzi kunye neoyile ukunciphisa ukuguguleka kwebheringi kunye nokuguga kwerabha.
2. Iibheringi ezityibilikisiweyo ngeoyile encinci zihlala zisebenzisa i-self-circulation, zisebenzisa i-oil slinger kunye ne-thrust plate, kwaye ioyile ezizijikelezisayo inikezelwa kukujikeleza kweyunithi. Nika ingqalelo kwiimeko zokusebenza ze-slinger ring. I-slinger ring ayivumelekanga ukuba inamathele, unikezelo lwamafutha kwi-thrust plate kunye nenqanaba leoyile yetanki yamafutha.
3. Thambisa iibheringi ngeoyile eyomileyo. Nika ingqalelo ukuba iinkcukacha zeoyile eyomileyo ziyahambelana na neoyile yebheringi, kwaye nokuba umgangatho weoyile ulungile na, yongeza ioyile rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba indawo evulekileyo yi-1/3 ~ 2/5.
4. Isixhobo sokutywina sombhobho wamanzi othwala kunye nokupholisa asithintelwanga ukuthintela amanzi axinzelelweyo kunye nothuli ukuba lungangeni kwi-bearing kwaye lonakalise ukuthambisa okuqhelekileyo kwe-bearing.
5. Ukususwa kokufakwa kwebheyari etyetyisiweyo kunxulumene noxinzelelo lweyunithi yesihlahla sebheyari, isantya sokujikeleza esithe ngqo, indlela yokuthambisa, i-viscosity yeoyile, ukucutshungulwa kwamalungu, ukuchaneka kokufakwa kunye neBaidu yokungcangcazela kweyunithi.
Ukungcangcazela kweyunithi
(1) Ukungcangcazela koomatshini, ukungcangcazela okubangelwa zizizathu zoomatshini.
Izizathu: Okokuqala, i-hydraulic turbine inzima kakhulu; okwesibini, i-axis ye-turbine kunye nejenereyitha ayilunganga, kwaye uqhagamshelo alulunganga; okwesithathu, i-bearing inesiphene okanye ukulungiswa kwesithuba akufanelekile, ingakumbi isithuba sikhulu kakhulu; okwesine, kukho ukungqubana phakathi kweendawo ezijikelezayo kunye neendawo ezimileyo.
(2) Ukungcangcazela kwe-hydraulic, ukungcangcazela kweyunithi okubangelwa kukulahlekelwa yibhalansi yamanzi angena kwi-runner.
Izizathu: Esinye kukuba i-guide vane iyaphula i-bolt ize iqhekeke, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ukuvuleka kwe-guide vane kwahluke, ukuze ukuhamba kwamanzi ajikeleze i-runner kungalingani; esinye kukuba kukho inkunkuma kwi-volute okanye i-runner ixinene, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ingene kwi-runner. Ukuhamba kwamanzi ajikeleze akulingani; okwesithathu, ukuhamba kwamanzi kwi-draft tube akuzinzanga, nto leyo ebangela ukuba uxinzelelo lwamanzi lwe-draft tube lutshintshe rhoqo, okanye umoya ungena kwi-volute ye-turbine, nto leyo ebangela ukungcangcazela kweyunithi kunye nokuduma kokuhamba kwamanzi.
(3) Ukungcangcazela kombane, ukungcangcazela kweyunithi okubangelwa kukulahlekelwa yibhalansi okanye utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kubungakanani bombane.
Izizathu: Esinye kukungalingani okukhulu komsinga we-three-phase wejenereyitha, okubangela ukungalingani kwamandla e-electromagnetic e-three-phase; esinye kukutshintsha kwangoko komsinga okubangelwa yingozi yombane, okubangela ukuba ijenereyitha kunye ne-turbine zingakwazi ukuvumelanisa isantya sazo ngoko nangoko. ; Okwesithathu, umsantsa phakathi kwe-stator kunye ne-rotor awufani, nto leyo ebangela ukungazinzi kwe-magnetic field ejikelezayo.
(4) Ukungcangcazela kwe-cavitation, ukungcangcazela kweyunithi okubangelwa kukudakumba.
Izizathu: Okokuqala, ukungcangcazela okubangelwa kukungalingani kwe-hydraulic, ubukhulu bayo buyanda ngokunyuka kokuhamba; okwesibini kukungcangcazela okubangelwa kukungalingani okubangelwa bubunzima bomgijimi, unxibelelwano olubi lweyunithi, kunye nokungangqali, ubukhulu bayo buyanda ngokunyuka kwesantya. ; Okwesithathu kukungcangcazela okubangelwa ngumphezulu wombane, ubukhulu buyanda ngokunyuka komsinga wokukhupha umoya, kwaye ukungcangcazela kunokuphela xa ukungcangcazela kususiwe; okwesine kukungcangcazela okubangelwa yi-cavitation, ubukhulu bayo bunxulumene nommandla womthwalo, ngamanye amaxesha buphazamisekile, ngamanye amaxesha bunzima. Kwangaxeshanye, ingxolo yokungqongqoza iveliswa kwityhubhu yokutsala umoya, kwaye kunokubakho into yokujika kwi-vacuum gauge.
Ubushushu besihlahla esithwalayo seyunithi bunyukile okanye buphezulu kakhulu
Isizathu
1. Izizathu zokugcinwa nokufakelwa: ukuvuza kwesitya seoyile, indawo engafanelekanga yokufakelwa kwepayipi, umsantsa wethayile ongahambelaniyo, ukungcangcazela okungaqhelekanga kweyunithi okubangelwa ngumgangatho wokufakelwa, njl.njl.;
2. Izizathu zokusebenza: ukusebenza kwindawo yokungcangcazela, ukujonga umgangatho weoyile ethwalayo engaqhelekanga kunye nenqanaba leoyile, ukungaphumeleli ukuzalisa ioyile ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ukuphazamiseka kwamanzi okupholisa, ukujonga ukunqongophala kwamanzi, kunye nokusebenza kweyunithi ngesantya esiphantsi ixesha elide.
Ukucutshungulwa
1. Xa ubushushu bethayile bunyuka, qala ujonge ioyile yokuthambisa, yongeza ioyile ngexesha okanye udibanise ukuze utshintshe ioyile; lungisa uxinzelelo lwamanzi okupholisa okanye utshintshe imo yokuhambisa amanzi; vavanya ukuba ukungcangcazela kweyunithi kudlula umgangatho kwaye uyeke ukungcangcazela ukuba ukungcangcazela akunakususwa;
2. Ukuba ubushushu bukhusela indawo yokuphuma, kufuneka ijongwe kwaye ivalwe ngokuqhelekileyo, kwaye ujonge ukuba ingaba isihlahla sokuthwala sitshile na. Nje ukuba isihlahla sokuthwala sitshile, kufuneka sitshintshwe ngethayile entsha okanye sikrwelwe kwakhona.
Ezintlanu, ukusilela kolawulo lwesantya
Xa ukuvulwa kwerhuluneli kuvaliwe ngokupheleleyo, umgijimi akanakuma de ukuvulwa kwe-guide vane kungakwazi ukulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba kukusilela kokulawula isantya. Izizathu: Okokuqala, uqhagamshelo lwe-guide vane lugobile, kwaye ukuvulwa kwe-guide vane akunakulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-guide vane ivale kwaye iyunithi ayinakumiswa. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ezinye iiyunithi ezincinci azinaso isixhobo sebhuleki, kwaye iyunithi ayinakumiswa okwethutyana phantsi kwesenzo se-inertia. Okwangoku, ungacingi ukuba ivaliwe. Ukuba uqhubeka nokuvala ii-guide vanes, intonga yokudibanisa iya kugoba. Okwesibini kukuba ulawulo lwesantya luyasilela ngenxa yokusilela kwe-automatic speed governor. Xa iyunithi ye-hydraulic turbine isebenza ngendlela engaqhelekanga, ingakumbi xa iyunithi ikwingxaki yokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo, kufuneka izame ukuyivala ngoko nangoko kwaye ijongane nayo. Ukusebenza ngokungakhathali kuya kwandisa ukusilela. Ukuba irhuluneli iyasilela kwaye indlela yokuvula i-guide vanes ayinakumiswa, ivalvu ephambili ye-turbine kufuneka isetyenziswe ukucima ukuhamba kwamanzi kwi-turbine.
Ezinye iindlela zonyango: 1. Coca rhoqo inkunkuma kwindlela yokuqondisa amanzi, uyigcine icocekile, kwaye ugcwalise amafutha kwiindawo ezihambayo rhoqo; 2. Indawo yokungena kwamanzi kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngeerakhi zenkunkuma kwaye ihlanjululwe rhoqo; 3. Iiturbines zayo nayiphi na indawo yokufakelwa kwesithuthi kufuneka zitshintshwe ngexesha. Iibrake pads, yongeza ulwelo lweebrake.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Jan-06-2022
