Umphumela we-hydro-generator uyehla
Isizathu
Uma kwenzeka ikhanda lamanzi elingaguquki, lapho ukuvulwa kwe-guide vane sekufinyelele ekuvulekeni okungenamthwalo, kodwa i-turbine ingakafiki esivinini esilinganisiwe, noma uma umphumela ofanayo, ukuvulwa kwe-guide vane kukhulu kunokuqala, kubhekwa ukuthi umphumela weyunithi unciphile. Izizathu eziyinhloko zokwehla komphumela yilezi: 1. Ukulahleka kokugeleza kwe-turbine yamanzi; 2. Ukulahleka kokulondolozwa kwamanzi kwe-turbine yamanzi; 3. Ukulahleka kwe-turbine yamanzi ngomshini.
Ukucubungula
1. Uma iyunithi isebenza noma ivala, qiniseka ukuthi ukujula kokucwiliswa kwepayipi lokudonsa akungaphansi kuka-300mm (ngaphandle kwe-impact turbine). 2. Naka ukungena noma ukuphuma kwamanzi ukuze ugcine ukugeleza kwamanzi kulinganisela futhi kungaphazanyiswa. 3. Gcina i-runner isebenza esimweni esijwayelekile, bese umisa umshini ukuze uhlolwe uma kunomsindo. 4. Kuma-turbine aqinile e-axial-flow, uma ukuphuma kweyunithi kwehla ngokuzumayo futhi ukudlidliza kwanda, kufanele kuvalwe ngokushesha ukuze kuhlolwe.
Izinga lokushisa lesihlahla esithwalayo seyunithi likhuphuka kakhulu
Isizathu
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-turbine bearing: i-guide bearing kanye ne-thrust bearing. Izimo zokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwe-bearing ukufakwa okulungile, ukugcotshwa okuhle kanye nokuhlinzekwa okuvamile kwamanzi okupholisa. Ngokuvamile kunezindlela ezintathu zokugcoba: ukugcotshwa kwamanzi, ukugcotshwa kwamafutha amancane kanye nokugcotshwa okomile. Izizathu zokwenyuka okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa kwe-shaft yilezi: okokuqala, ikhwalithi yokufakwa kwama-bearing embi noma ukuguguleka kwama-bearing; okwesibili, ukwehluleka kohlelo lwamafutha okugcoba; okwesithathu, ilebula lamafutha okugcoba elingaguquki noma ikhwalithi yamafutha embi; okwesine, ukwehluleka kohlelo lwamanzi okupholisa; okwesihlanu, ngenxa yesizathu esithile Yenza iyunithi idlidlize; okwesithupha, ukuvuza kwamafutha okubheja kanye nezinga lamafutha liphansi kakhulu.
Ukucubungula
1. Ama-bearings agcotshwe ngamanzi. Amanzi agcotshwe kufanele ahlungwe kahle ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yamanzi. Amanzi akufanele abe nesihlabathi esiningi namafutha ukuze kuncishiswe ukuguguleka kwe-bearings kanye nokuguga kwerabha.
2. Ama-bearings amancane agcotshwe ngamafutha ngokuvamile asebenzisa ukuzijikeleza, asebenzisa i-oil slinger kanye ne-thrust plate, kanti uwoyela ozijikeleza ngokwawo unikezwa ngokuzungeza kweyunithi. Nakisisa izimo zokusebenza ze-slinger ring. I-slinger ring ayivunyelwe ukunamathela, ukuphakelwa kukaphethiloli epuletini lokuthungela kanye nezinga likawoyela lethangi likaphethiloli.
3. Gcoba amabheringi ngamafutha omile. Qaphela ukuthi imininingwane yamafutha omile iyahambisana yini namafutha omile, nokuthi ikhwalithi yamafutha ilungile yini, engeza uwoyela njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi igebe lokufaka liyi-1/3 ~ 2/5.
4. Idivayisi yokuvala yepayipi lamanzi elithwalayo nelipholile iphelele ukuvimbela amanzi acindezelayo kanye nothuli ukuthi kungangeni kubhereyi futhi kubhubhise ukugcotshwa okuvamile kwebhereyi.
5. Ukusulwa kokufakwa kwebhereyi egcotshwe kuhlobene nokucindezela kweyunithi yesihlahla sebhereyi, isivinini esiqondile sokujikeleza, indlela yokugcoba, i-viscosity yamafutha, ukucutshungulwa kwezingxenye, ukunemba kokufakwa kanye ne-Baidu yokudlidliza kweyunithi.
Ukudlidliza kweyunithi
(1) Ukudlidliza komshini, ukudlidliza okubangelwa yizizathu zomshini.
Izizathu: Okokuqala, i-hydraulic turbine inzima kakhulu; okwesibili, i-axis ye-turbine kanye ne-generator ayilungile, futhi ukuxhumana akukuhle; okwesithathu, i-bearing inephutha noma ukulungiswa kwegebe akufanelekile, ikakhulukazi igebe likhulu kakhulu; okwesine, kukhona ukungqubuzana phakathi kwezingxenye ezijikelezayo nezingxenye ezimile.
(2) Ukudlidliza kwe-hydraulic, ukudlidliza kweyunithi okubangelwa ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi yamanzi ageleza angene ku-runner.
Izizathu: Esinye ukuthi i-guide vane iphula ibhawodi bese iphuka, okwenza ukuvuleka kwe-guide vane kuhluke, ukuze ukugeleza kwamanzi azungeze i-runner kungalingani; esinye ukuthi kukhona udoti ku-volute noma i-runner ivinjiwe, okubangela ukuthi igeleze ingene kwi-runner. Ukugeleza kwamanzi azungeze akulingani; okwesithathu, ukugeleza kwamanzi epayipini lokudonsa amanzi akuzinzile, okubangela ukuthi ingcindezi yamanzi yepayipi lokudonsa amanzi ishintshe ngezikhathi ezithile, noma umoya ungena ku-volute ye-turbine, okubangela ukudlidliza kweyunithi kanye nokuduma kokugeleza kwamanzi.
(3) Ukudlidliza kukagesi, ukudlidliza kweyunithi okubangelwa ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi noma ushintsho oluzumayo lwenani likagesi.
Izizathu: Esinye ukungalingani okukhulu kwamandla kagesi ezigaba ezintathu ejenereyitha, okubangela ukungalingani kwamandla kagesi ezigaba ezintathu; esinye ushintsho olusheshayo lwamandla kagesi olubangelwa ingozi kagesi, olubangela ukuthi ijenereyitha kanye ne-turbine kungakwazi ukuvumelanisa ijubane lazo ngokushesha. ; Okwesithathu, igebe phakathi kwe-stator ne-rotor alifani, okubangela ukungazinzi kwensimu kazibuthe ejikelezayo.
(4) Ukudlidliza kwe-cavitation, ukudlidliza kweyunithi okubangelwa yi-cavitation.
Izizathu: Okokuqala, ukudlidliza okubangelwa ukungalingani kwe-hydraulic, ubukhulu bako bukhula ngokwanda kokugeleza; okwesibili ukudlidliza okubangelwa ukungalingani okubangelwa ubunzima bomgijimi, ukuxhumana okungekuhle kweyunithi, kanye nokungajwayelekile, ubukhulu bako bukhula ngokwanda kwesivinini. ; Okwesithathu ukudlidliza okubangelwa ubuso bukagesi, ubukhulu buyanda ngokwanda komsinga wokucindezela, futhi ukudlidliza kunganyamalala lapho ukudlidliza kususwa; okwesine ukudlidliza okubangelwa ukugoba, ubukhulu bako buhlobene nesifunda somthwalo, ngezinye izikhathi buphazamiseka, ngezinye izikhathi bunzima, Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umsindo wokugoba ukhiqizwa epayipini lokudonsa, futhi kungase kube khona into yokujika ku-vacuum gauge.
Izinga lokushisa lesihlahla esithwalayo seyunithi likhuphukile noma liphezulu kakhulu
Isizathu
1. Izizathu zokugcinwa nokufakwa: ukuvuza kwesitsha samafutha, indawo engafanele yokufaka ipayipi, igebe lethayela elingahambisani nomthetho, ukudlidliza okungavamile kweyunithi okubangelwa ikhwalithi yokufaka, njll.;
2. Izizathu zokusebenza: ukusebenza endaweni yokudlidliza, ukuqapha ikhwalithi kawoyela othwalayo engajwayelekile kanye nezinga likawoyela, ukwehluleka ukugcwalisa uwoyela ngesikhathi, ukuphazamiseka kwamanzi okupholisa, ukuqapha ukuntuleka kwamanzi, kanye nokusebenza kweyunithi okushesha kancane isikhathi eside.
Ukucubungula
1. Uma izinga lokushisa lethayela likhuphuka, qala uhlole uwoyela wokugcoba, engeza uwoyela ngesikhathi noma uthinte ukuze ushintshe uwoyela; lungisa ingcindezi yamanzi apholile noma ushintshe imodi yokuphakelwa kwamanzi; hlola ukuthi ukudlidliza kweyunithi kudlula yini izinga elijwayelekile bese umisa ukudlidliza uma ukudlidliza kungenakuqedwa;
2. Uma izinga lokushisa livikela indawo yokuphuma, kufanele liqashwe futhi livalwe ngendlela evamile, bese kuhlolwa ukuthi isihlahla sokuthwala sishile yini. Uma isihlahla sokuthwala sesishile, kufanele sithathelwe indawo ngethayela elisha noma siklwejwe kabusha.
Ezinhlanu, ukwehluleka kokulawula isivinini
Uma ukuvulwa kwe-governtor kuvaliwe ngokuphelele, i-runner ayikwazi ukuma kuze kube yilapho ukuvulwa kwe-guide vane kungakwazi ukulawulwa ngempumelelo. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi ukwehluleka kokulawula isivinini. Izizathu: Okokuqala, uxhumano lwe-guide vane lugobile, futhi ukuvulwa kwe-guide vane akunakwenzeka ukulawulwa ngempumelelo, okwenza i-guide vane ivale futhi iyunithi ayikwazi ukumiswa. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amanye amayunithi amancane awanawo umshini wokubopha amabhuleki, futhi iyunithi ayikwazi ukumiswa isikhashana ngaphansi kwesenzo se-inertia. Ngalesi sikhathi, ungaphambani nokuvaleka. Uma uqhubeka nokuvala ama-guide vane, induku yokuxhuma izogoba. Okwesibili ukuthi ukulawula isivinini kuyahluleka ngenxa yokwehluleka kwe-othomathikhi ye-speed governtor. Lapho iyunithi ye-hydraulic turbine isebenza ngendlela engajwayelekile, ikakhulukazi lapho iyunithi isesimweni esibucayi sokusebenza okuphephile, kufanele izame ukuyivala ngokushesha futhi ibhekane nayo. Ukusebenza ngokunganaki kuzokhulisa ukwehluleka kuphela. Uma i-governtor yehluleka futhi indlela yokuvula i-guide vane ingakwazi ukumiswa, i-valve eyinhloko ye-turbine kufanele isetshenziselwe ukusika ukugeleza kwamanzi ku-turbine.
Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha: 1. Hlanza njalo udoti osendleleni yokuqondisa amanzi, uwugcine uhlanzekile, futhi ugcwalise uphethiloli ezingxenyeni ezihambayo njalo; 2. Indawo yokungena kwamanzi kumele ifakwe ama-racks kadoti futhi ihlanzwe njalo; 3. Ama-turbine anoma yiziphi izinto ezifakiwe emotweni kufanele ashintshwe ngesikhathi Ama-brake pad, engeza uketshezi lwamabhuleki.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-06-2022
