1. Ziziphi iintlobo ezintandathu zezinto zokulungisa nokulungisa xa kufakelwa umatshini? Ungayiqonda njani indlela yokuphambuka okuvumelekileyo kokufakelwa kwezixhobo ze-electromechanical?
Impendulo: into: 1) iplani ethe tyaba, ethe tye nethe nkqo. 2) Ubungqindilili, indawo esembindini kunye nenqanaba eliphakathi lomphezulu osilinda ngokwawo. 3) Indawo ethe tye, ethe tye, ethe nkqo nesembindini weshaft. 4) Ukujongwa kwenxalenye kwiplani ethe tye. 5) Ukuphakama (ukuphakama) kweenxalenye. 6) ukuvuleka phakathi kobuso, njl.
Ukuze kuchongwe ukuphambuka okuvumelekileyo kofakelo lwezixhobo ze-electromechanical, ukuthembeka kokusebenza kweyunithi kunye nokulula kofakelo kufuneka kuqwalaselwe. Ukuba ukuphambuka okuvumelekileyo kofakelo kuncinci kakhulu, umsebenzi wokulungisa nokulungisa uya kuba nzima kwaye ixesha lokulungisa nokulungisa liya kwandiswe; Ukuba ukuphambuka okuvumelekileyo kofakelo kukhulu kakhulu, kuya kunciphisa ukuchaneka kofakelo kunye nokhuseleko lokusebenza kunye nokuthembeka kweyunithi yokulinganisa, kwaye kuchaphazele ngokuthe ngqo ukuveliswa kombane okuqhelekileyo.
2. Kutheni impazamo yenqanaba lesikwere ngokwayo inokususwa ngokujika umlinganiselo?
Impendulo: masithi elinye icala lenqanaba ngu-a kwaye elinye icala lingu-B, kwaye impazamo yalo ibangela ukuba iqamza liye esiphelweni sika-a (ngasekhohlo) ngu-M. xa kulinganiswa inqanaba lezinto ezikule nqanaba, impazamo yalo ibangela ukuba iqamza liye esiphelweni sika-a (ngasekhohlo) ngu-M. emva kokujika, impazamo yalo ibangela ukuba iqamza lisaye esiphelweni sika-a (ngasekunene ngeli xesha) ngenani elifanayo leeseli, kwicala elichaseneyo, eliyi-m, uze usebenzise ifomula δ= Ngexesha lokubala kuka-(a1 + A2) / 2 * c * D, inani leeseli ezishukunyiswa yiqamza ngenxa yempazamo yalo liyarhoxisana, elingenampembelelo kwinani leeseli ezishukunyiswa yiqamza ngenxa yenqanaba elingalinganiyo leenxalenye, ngoko ke impembelelo yempazamo yesixhobo ekulinganisweni iyasuswa.
3. Chaza ngokufutshane izinto zokulungisa nokulungisa kunye neendlela zokufakela i-draft tube liner?
Indlela yokuphendula: okokuqala, phawula indawo ye-X, – x, y, – Y axis kwindawo ephezulu yomgca. Faka isakhelo sesikhungo sokuphakama kwindawo apho ikhonkrithi kwindawo yomatshini inkulu kune-radius yesangqa sangaphandle seringi yokuhlala, hambisa umgca ophakathi kunye nokuphakama kweyunithi kwisakhelo sesikhungo sokuphakama, kwaye uxhome imigca yepiyano kwi-x-axis kunye ne-y-axis kwindawo efanayo ethe nkqo yesakhelo sesikhungo sokuphakama kunye ne-X kunye ne-y-axis. Kukho umahluko othile wokuphakama phakathi kwemigca emibini yepiyano, Emva kokuba iziko lokuphakama limiswe kwaye liphinde lajongwa, iZiko lomgca kufuneka lilinganiswe kwaye lilungiswe. Xhoma iihammer ezine ezinzima kwindawo apho umgca wepiyano uhambelana nophawu olukwi-orifice yombhobho kwi-lining, lungisa i-jack kunye ne-stretcher ukuze ulungelelanise incam yesando esinzima kunye nophawu olukwi-orifice yombhobho ephezulu. Ngeli xesha, iziko le-orifice yombhobho kwi-lining lihambelana nombindi weyunithi. Linganisa umgama ukusuka kwindawo esezantsi ye-orifice yombhobho ephezulu ukuya kumgca wepiyano ngerula yentsimbi. Thabatha umgama ukusuka kwindawo ebekwe phezulu yomgca wepiyano ukuze ube yindawo yokuphakama yokwenyani yepayipi ephezulu yelining, uze uyilungise ngezikrufu okanye iipleyiti ze-wedge ukuze wenze ukuphakama kwelining kungene kuluhlu lokuphambuka oluvumelekileyo.
4. Ungawuhlanganisa njani kwangaphambili uze ubeke indandatho esezantsi kunye nesiciko esingaphezulu?
Impendulo: qala uphakamise indandatho esezantsi kwindawo esezantsi yendandatho yokuma, ulungise umbindi wendandatho esezantsi ngepleyiti ye-wedge ngokwesithuba esiphakathi kwendandatho esezantsi kunye nomlomo wesibini wedama lendandatho yokuma, uze uphakamise isiqingatha se-vane yesikhokelo esishukumayo ngokulinganayo ngokwenani ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-vane yesikhokelo inokujikeleza ngokulula kwaye ijikeleze, kungenjalo ujongane nobubanzi be-bore yesihlahla sokuthwala, uze uyiphakamise kwisiciko esingaphezulu kunye nesingxobo. Thatha umbindi wendandatho yokuma esisigxina elandelayo njenge-benchmark, xhoma umgca ophakathi weyunithi ye-turbine yamanzi, ulinganise umbindi kunye nokujikeleza kwendandatho yokuma esisigxina ephezulu, kwaye ulungise indawo ephakathi yesiciko esingaphezulu ukuze umahluko phakathi kweradiyumu nganye kunye nomndilili ungadluli kwi-± 10% yokususwa koyilo lwendandatho yokuma evuzayo. Emva kokuba ukulungiswa kwesiciko esingaphezulu kugqityiwe, qinisa iibholiti ezidibeneyo zesiciko esingaphezulu kunye nendandatho yokuma. Emva koko ulinganise kwaye ulungise i-coaxiality yendandatho esezantsi kunye nesigqubuthelo esingaphezulu. Okokugqibela, lungisa kuphela indandatho esezantsi ngokusekelwe kwisigqubuthelo esingaphezulu. Hlikihla umsantsa phakathi kweringi esezantsi kunye nomlomo wesithathu wedama leringi yokugcina ngepleyiti ye-wedge, lungisa intshukumo ye-radial yeringi esezantsi, lungisa intshukumo yayo ye-axial ngee-jacks ezine, ulinganise umsantsa phakathi kobuso obuphezulu nobosezantsi be-guide vane ukuze wenze △ ibe nkulu ≈ △ ibe ncinci, kwaye ulinganise umsantsa phakathi kwe-guide vane sleeve bearing bush kunye ne-journal ukuze ibe ngaphakathi koluhlu oluvumelekileyo. Emva koko bhoboza imingxunya ye-pin ye-cover ephezulu kunye ne-bottom ring ngokomzobo, kwaye i-cover ephezulu kunye ne-bottom ring zihlanganiswe kwangaphambili.
5. Ungayilungelelanisa njani inxalenye ejikelezayo yeturbine emva kokuba inyuswe yaya kwindawo yeturbine?
Impendulo: lungisa indawo esembindini kuqala, lungisa umsantsa phakathi kweringi yokumisa ukuvuza esezantsi ejikelezayo kunye nomlomo wedama lesine leringi yokuma, phakamisa iringi yokumisa ukuvuza esezantsi ezinzileyo, faka iphini, qinisa i-combination bolt ngokulinganayo, ulinganise umsantsa phakathi kweringi yokumisa ukuvuza ejikelezayo esezantsi kunye neringi yokumisa ukuvuza ezinzileyo esezantsi nge-feeler gauge, lungisa kakuhle indawo esembindini ye-runner nge-jack ngokwe-gap elinganisiweyo, kwaye ubeke iliso kuhlengahlengiso nge-dial indicator. Emva koko lungisa inqanaba, beka inqanaba kwiindawo ezine x, – x, y kunye – Y kumphezulu we-flange we-main shaft ye-turbine, uze ulungise ipleyiti ye-wedge phantsi kwe-runner ukuze wenze ukuphambuka okuthe tye komphezulu we-flange ngaphakathi koluhlu oluvumelekileyo.
6. Chaza inkqubo yokufakela ngokubanzi emva kokuphakamisa i-rotor yeyunithi ye-hydro generator exhonyiweyo?
Impendulo: 1) ukuthulula ikhonkrithi yesigaba sesiBini sesiseko; 2) Ukuphakanyiswa kwesakhelo esingaphezulu; 3) Ukufakwa kwe-thrust bearing; 4) Ukulungiswa kwe-generator axis; 5) Uqhagamshelo lwe-Spindle 6) Ukulungiswa kwe-axis jikelele yeyunithi; 7) Ukulungiswa kwamandla kwe-thrust pad; 8) Lungisa umbindi wenxalenye ejikelezayo; 9) Faka i-guide bearing; 10) Faka i-exciter kunye nomatshini we-magnet osisigxina; 11) Faka ezinye izixhobo;
7. Indlela yokufaka kunye namanyathelo esihlangu esikhokela amanzi achaziwe.
Impendulo: indlela yokufaka 1) lungisa indawo yokufaka ngokwesithuba esichaziweyo kuyilo lwebheyina yesikhokelo samanzi, ukujija kwe-axis yeyunithi kunye nendawo yeshaft ephambili; 2) Faka isihlangu sesikhokelo samanzi ngokulinganayo ngokweemfuno zoyilo; 3) Emva kokugqiba isikhala esilungisiweyo, silungise nge-jack okanye ipleyiti ye-wedge;
8. Umonakalo kunye nonyango lomsinga womsinga zichazwe ngokufutshane.
A: umonakalo: ngenxa yokubakho komsinga we-shaft, kuvela ukukhuhlana okuncinci kwe-arc phakathi kwejenali kunye ne-bearing bush, okwenza i-bearing alloy inamathele kancinci kwijenali, itshabalalise umphezulu osebenzayo we-bearing bush, ibangele ubushushu obugqithisileyo be-bearing, kwaye ide inyibilikise i-bearing alloy; Ukongeza, ngenxa ye-electrolysis yexesha elide yomsinga, i-oyile yokuthambisa iya kubola, ibenze mnyama, inciphise ukusebenza kwe-lubricating kwaye yonyuse ubushushu be-bearing. Unyango: ukuze kuthintelwe ukukhuhlana komsinga we-shaft kwi-bearing bush, i-bearing kufuneka yahlulwe kwisiseko nge-insulation ukuze kunqunyulwe isekethe yomsinga we-shaft. Ngokubanzi, ii-bearing kwicala le-exciter (i-thrust bearing kunye ne-guide bearing), isiseko se-oyile yokwamkela kunye nentambo yokubuyisela i-governor kufuneka zigqunywe nge-insulation, kwaye izikrufu zokulungisa inkxaso kunye neephini kufuneka zixhotyiswe nge-insulation sleeves. Zonke i-insulation kufuneka zomiswe kwangaphambili. Emva kokuba i-insulation ifakiwe, i-insulation ye-bearing emhlabeni kufuneka ihlolwe nge-500V megger kwaye ayifanele ibe ngaphantsi kwe-0.5 megohm.
9. Chaza ngokufutshane injongo kunye nendlela yokujika iiyunithi.
Impendulo: Injongo: ekubeni umphezulu wokungqubana kwepleyiti yesibuko awuyi kuba ngongqameneyo ngokupheleleyo ne-axis yeyunithi, kwaye i-axis ngokwayo ayingomgca othe tye ofanelekileyo, xa iyunithi ijikeleza, umgca weyunithi ephakathi uya kuphambuka kumgca ophakathi, kwaye i-axis iya kulinganiswa kwaye ilungiswe ngokujika ngesalathisi sokudayela, ukuze kuhlalutywe unobangela, ubungakanani kunye nolwalathiso lwe-axis swing. Ukungangqamani phakathi komphezulu wokungqubana kwepleyiti yesibuko kunye ne-axis, umphezulu wokudibanisa i-flange kunye ne-axis zinokulungiswa ngokukrwela umphezulu wokudibanisa ofanelekileyo, kwaye ukungqubana kunokuncitshiswa kube kuluhlu oluvumelekileyo.
Iindlela:
1) ukujika ngoomatshini, okuqhutywa yiseti yentambo yentsimbi kunye ne-pulley kunye ne-bridge crane kwisityalo njengamandla
2) Umbane othe ngqo ungeniswa kwi-stator kunye ne-rotor windings ukuze kuveliswe indlela yokutsala amandla kagesi - igiya lokujika ngombane 3) kwiiyunithi ezincinci, igiya lokujika ngesandla lingasetyenziselwa ukuqhuba iyunithi ukuba ijikeleze kancinci - igiya lokujika ngesandla 10. Chaza ngokufutshane inkqubo yokulungisa isixhobo sokutywina amanzi esizilungisa ngokwaso esine-air shroud kunye nobuso bokuphela.
Impendulo: 1) bhala phantsi indawo yenxalenye eyonakeleyo kwi-shaft, susa inxalenye eyonakeleyo kwaye ujonge ukuguguleka kwepleyiti yokuguguleka yentsimbi egqwalileyo. Ukuba kukho i-burr okanye i-groove enganzulu, ingapholishwa nge-oilstone kwicala lokujikeleza. Ukuba kukho i-groove enzulu okanye ukuguguleka okukhulu okanye ukuguguleka, kufuneka ilinganiswe.
2) Susa ipleyiti yokucinezela, urekhode ulandelelwano lweebhloko ze-nylon, ukhuphe iibhloko ze-nylon uze ujonge ukuguguleka. Ukuba kufuneka unyango, zonke kufuneka zicinezelwe ngee-plate zokucinezela zize zibekwe kunye, emva koko iimpawu zokuplanga mazifakwe nefayile, kwaye umphezulu we-blocks ze-nylon kufuneka uhlolwe ngeqonga. Iziphumo emva kokukrwela ziyahlangabezana neemfuno
3) Nqamla idiski yokutywina ephezulu uze ujonge ukuba irabha ejikelezileyo igugile na. Ukuba igugile, yitshintshe ngentsha. 4) Susa isipili, susa udaka kunye nomhlwa, kwaye ujonge ukuqina koxinzelelo nganye nganye. Ukuba kwenzeka ukuguquka kweplastiki, yitshintshe ngentsha.
5) Susa umbhobho wokungena komoya kunye nesixhumi sesiciko somoya, qhaqha isigqubuthelo sokutywina, khupha isigqubuthelo, kwaye ujonge ukuguguleka kwesigqubuthelo. Ukuba kukho ukuguguleka kwendawo okanye ukuvuza kokuguguleka, kunokulungiswa ngokulungiswa okushushu.
6) Tsala iphini yokuyibeka kwindawo ethile uze uyiqhaqhe indandatho ephakathi. Coca zonke izinto ngaphambi kokuba uyifake.
11. Ziziphi iindlela zokufezekisa unxibelelwano oluhambelana nokuphazamiseka? Ziziphi iingenelo zendlela ye-hot sleeve?
Impendulo: kukho iindlela ezimbini: 1) indlela yokucinezela; 2) Indlela yesleeve eshushu; Iingenelo: 1) ingafakwa ngaphandle kokufaka uxinzelelo; 2) Ngexesha lokuhlanganiswa, iindawo eziphumayo kumphezulu woqhagamshelwano azikhanyiswa yi-axial friction, nto leyo ephucula kakhulu amandla oqhagamshelo;
12. Chaza ngokufutshane izinto zokulungisa nokulungisa kunye neendlela zokufakela i-stay ring?
A: (1) izinto zokulungisa nokulungisa ziquka: (a) iziko; (b) Ukuphakama; (c) Inqanaba
(2) Indlela yokulungisa nokulungisa:
(a) Ukulinganisa embindini kunye nokulungiswa: emva kokuba iringi yokuma iphakanyisiwe kwaye ibekwe ngokuzinzileyo, xhoma umgca wepiyano onqamlezileyo weyunithi, xhoma iihammer ezine ezinzima kumgca wepiyano otsalwe ngaphezulu kwamanqaku ka-X, – x, y, – Y kwiringi yokuma kunye nomphezulu weflange, kwaye ubone ukuba incam yehammer enzima iyahambelana na nophawu oluphakathi; Ukuba akunjalo, lungisa indawo yeringi yokuma ngezixhobo zokuphakamisa ukuze ihambelane.
(b) Ukulinganiswa kokuphakama kunye nokulungiswa: linganisa umgama ukusuka kumphezulu weflengi kwiringi yokuma ukuya kumnqamlezo wepiyano ngerula yentsimbi. Ukuba ayihlangabezani neemfuno, ingalungiswa ngepleyiti ye-wedge esezantsi.
(c) Ukulinganisa okuthe tye kunye nokulungelelanisa: sebenzisa umqadi othe tye kunye nenqanaba lesikwere ukulinganisa kumphezulu weflengi yendandatho yokuhlala. Ngokweziphumo zokulinganisa nokubala, sebenzisa ipleyiti ye-wedge engezantsi ukulungisa. Ngelixa ulungisa, qinisa iibholithi. Kwaye ulinganise kwaye uhlengahlengise ngokuphindaphindiweyo de ukuqina kwebholithi kufane kwaye inqanaba lihlangabezane neemfuno.
13. Ungawubona njani umbindi we-turbine kaFrancis?
Impendulo: Iziko le-turbine kaFrancis liqhele ukugqitywa ngokusekwe ekuphakameni komlomo wesibini wedama leringi yokugcina. Okokuqala yahlula umlomo wesibini wedama leringi yokugcina ibe ngamachaphaza ayi-8-16 kujikelezo, uze uxhome umgca wepiyano kumphezulu weringi yokugcina okanye umphezulu wesiseko wesakhelo esisezantsi sejenereyitha njengoko kufuneka, ulinganise umgama phakathi komlomo wesibini wedama leringi yokugcina kunye namachaphaza amane alinganayo ee-axes ze-X kunye ne-Y kumgca wepiyano ngeteyipu yentsimbi, ulungise iziko lebhola, wenze umahluko phakathi kwerediyasi yamanqaku amabini alinganayo ngaphakathi kwe-5mm, kwaye ulungise kuqala indawo yomgca wepiyano. Emva koko, lungelelanisa umgca wepiyano ngokwenxalenye yeringi kunye nendlela yokulinganisa iziko ukuze idlule embindini womlomo wesibini wedama. Indawo elungisiweyo sisiko lokufakela i-turbine ye-hydraulic.
14. Chaza ngokufutshane umsebenzi we-thrust bearing? Ziziphi iintlobo ezintathu zesakhiwo se-thrust bearing? Ziziphi izinto eziphambili ze-thrust bearing?
Impendulo: umsebenzi: uthwala amandla e-axial yeyunithi kunye nobunzima bazo zonke iindawo ezijikelezayo. Uhlu: i-strig strut thrut bearing, i-balance weight thrust bearing kunye ne-hydraulic column thrust bearing. Izinto eziphambili: intloko ye-thrust, i-thrust pad, i-mirror plate, i-snap ring.
15. Ingcamango kunye nendlela yokulungisa i-stroke yokucinezela zichazwe ngokufutshane.
A: ingcamango: i-pressing stroke kukulungisa i-stroke ye-servomotor ukuze i-guide vane ibe nomda we-stroke weemilimitha ezininzi (kwicala lokuvala) emva kokuba ivaliwe. Le mda ye-stroke ibizwa ngokuba yindlela yokulungisa i-pressing stroke: xa i-controller kunye ne-servomotor piston zikwindawo evaliweyo ngokupheleleyo, rhoxisa izikrufu zomda kwi-servomotor nganye ziye ngaphandle kwixabiso le-pressing stroke elifunekayo. Eli xabiso linokulawulwa linani lokujika kwepitch.
16. Ziziphi izizathu ezintathu eziphambili zokungcangcazela kweyunithi ye-hydraulic?
A: (I) ukungcangcazela okubangelwa zizizathu zoomatshini: 1. Ukungalingani kobunzima be-Rotor. 2. I-axis yeyunithi ayichanekanga. 3. Iziphene zebheari. （2） Ukungcangcazela okubangelwa zizizathu ze-hydraulic: 1. Impembelelo yokuhamba kwamanzi kwindawo yokungena yomdyarho ebangelwa kukuphambuka okungalinganiyo kwe-volute kunye ne-guide vane. 2. Uloliwe we-Carmen vortex. 3. Ukungcangcazela komgodi. 4. I-Gap jet. 5. Ukuphambuka koxinzelelo lwendandatho yesitywina
(3) Ukungcangcazela okubangelwa zizinto ze-electromagnetic: 1. I-Rotor winding short circuit. 2) i-engalinganiyo air gap.
17. Inkcazo emfutshane: (1) ukungalingani okungaguqukiyo kunye nokungalingani okuguquguqukayo?
Impendulo: ukungangqinelani okuzinzileyo: ekubeni i-rotor ye-hydraulic turbine ingekho kwi-axis yokujikeleza, xa i-rotor ikwimeko engashukumiyo, i-rotor ayinakuhlala izinzile nakweyiphi na indawo. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-static injustice.
Ukungalingani kwamandla: kubhekisa kwinto yokungcangcazela ebangelwa yimo engaqhelekanga okanye uxinano olungalinganiyo lweendawo ezijikelezayo ze-hydraulic turbine ngexesha lokusebenza.
18. Inkcazo emfutshane: (2) injongo yovavanyo lwebhalansi engaguqukiyo lomgijimi weturbine?
Impendulo: kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa ukungaqhelekanga kwesikhungo somxhuzulane womgijimi ukuya kuluhlu oluvumelekileyo, ukuze kuthintelwe ukubakho kokungaqhelekanga kwesikhungo somxhuzulane womgijimi; amandla e-centrifugal eyunithi aya kubangela ukuguguleka okungaqhelekanga kweshaft ephambili ngexesha lokusebenza, andise ukujija kwesikhokelo se-hydraulic, okanye abangele ukungcangcazela kwe-turbine ngexesha lokusebenza, kwaye ade onakalise iindawo zeyunithi kwaye akhulule iibholiti ze-anchor, nto leyo ebangela iingozi ezinkulu.18. Ungayiqhuba njani isilinda yangaphandle Ukulinganisa ukujikeleza komphezulu?
Impendulo: isalathisi sokudayela sifakwe kwingalo ethe nkqo yenkxaso, kwaye intonga yaso yokulinganisa idibana nomphezulu osilinda olinganisiweyo. Xa inkxaso ijikeleza i-axis, ixabiso elifundwayo kwisalathisi sokudayela libonisa ukujikeleza komphezulu olinganisiweyo.
19. Ziqhelanise nolwakhiwo lwe-micrometer yangaphakathi kwaye uchaze indlela yokusebenzisa indlela yesekethe yombane ukulinganisa iindawo zemilo kunye nendawo ephakathi?
Impendulo: thatha ichibi lesibini leringi yokuma njengereyingi, qala ulungelelanise umgca wepiyano, thatha lo mgca wepiyano njengereyingi, uze usebenzise i-micrometer yangaphakathi ukwenza isekethe yombane phakathi kwamacandelo eringi kunye nomgca wepiyano, lungisa ubude be-micrometer yangaphakathi uze uzobe kumgca wepiyano, ezantsi, ekhohlo nasekunene Ngokwesandi, inokugweba ukuba i-micrometer yangaphakathi inxibelelana nomgca wepiyano, kwaye ilinganise inxalenye yeringi kunye nendawo ephakathi.
20. Inkqubo yokufakela ngokubanzi i-Francis turbine?
Impendulo: ukufakwa kwe-inner liner ye-draft tube → ukugalela ikhonkrithi ejikeleze i-draft tube, i-stay ring kunye ne-spiral case buttress → ukucoca kunye nokudibanisa i-stay ring kunye ne-foundation ring kunye nokufakela umbhobho we-conical we-stay ring kunye ne-foundation ring → i-foundation ye-foundation bolt ye-foot stay ring → ukuhlanganiswa kwe-single section spiral case → ukufakelwa kunye nokuwelda kwe-spiral case → ukufakelwa kwe-inner liner kunye ne-hrinked pipe kwindawo ye-turbine → ukugalela ikhonkrithi ngaphantsi komgangatho wejeneretha → ukuvavanya kwakhona i-stay ring elevation kunye ne-level kunye ne-hydraulic turbine center Qinisekisa → ukucoca kunye nokuhlanganisa i-low fixed leakage stop ring → ukubeka i-lower fixed leakage stop ring → ukucoca kunye nokuhlanganisa i-top cover kunye ne-stay ring → i-pre assembly of water guide mechanism → uqhagamshelo phakathi kwe-main shaft kunye ne-runner → ukuphakamisa kunye nokufakela inxalenye ejikelezayo → ukufakelwa kwe-water guide mechanism → uqhagamshelo lwe-main shaft → ukujika ngokubanzi kweyunithi → ukufakelwa kwe-water guide bearing → ukufakelwa kwezixhobo → ukucoca, ukuhlola kunye nokupeyinta → ukuqalisa kunye nokugunyazisa iyunithi.
21. Ziziphi iimfuno zobugcisa eziphambili zokufakelwa kwendlela yokuhambisa amanzi?
Impendulo: 1) umbindi weringi esezantsi kunye nesiciko esiphezulu kufuneka uhambelane nomgca ophakathi othe nkqo weyunithi; 2) iringi esezantsi kunye nesigqubuthelo esiphezulu kufuneka zihambelane, imigca ebhalwe ngu-X kunye no-Y kuzo kufuneka ihambelane nemigca ebhalwe ngu-X kunye no-Y yeyunithi, kwaye imingxunya ephezulu nesezantsi ye-vane nganye yesikhokelo mayibe yi-coaxial; 3) ukususwa kokuphela kwe-vane yesikhokelo kunye nokuqina ngexesha lokuvala kuya kuhlangabezana neemfuno; 4) umsebenzi wenxalenye yokudluliselwa kwe-vane yesikhokelo kufuneka ube bhetyebhetye kwaye uthembeke.
22. Ungayidibanisa njani i-runner kunye ne-main shaft?
Impendulo: qala uqhagamshele umngxuma oyintloko kunye nesigqubuthelo somgijimi, uze uqhagamshele kunye nomzimba womgijimi, okanye uqale ubophe ibholithi edibanisayo kumngxuma wesikrufu wesigqubuthelo somgijimi ngokwenombolo, uze uvale inxalenye esezantsi ngepleyiti yentsimbi. Emva kokuba uvavanyo lokuvuza kokuvala lufanelekile, qhagamshela umngxuma oyintloko kunye nesigqubuthelo somgijimi.
23. Ungawuguqula njani ubunzima be-rotor?
Impendulo: Ukuguqulwa kwebhuleki ye-lock nut kulula kakhulu. Logama nje i-rotor ixhonywe phezulu ngoxinzelelo lweoyile, i-lock nut iyakhululwa, ize i-rotor iphinde yehliswe, ubunzima bayo buya kuguqulwa bube yi-thrust bearing.
24. Yintoni injongo yokuqalisa nokusebenza kovavanyo lweyunithi yokuvelisa i-turbine yamanzi?
Impendulo:
1) jonga ukuba umgangatho wokwakha, umgangatho wokuvelisa kunye nowokufakela ubunjineli bokwakha uyahlangabezana na neemfuno zoyilo kunye nemigaqo kunye neenkcukacha ezifanelekileyo.
2) Ngokuhlolwa ngaphambi nasemva komsebenzi wovavanyo, umsebenzi ongekhoyo okanye ongagqitywanga kunye neziphene zeprojekthi kunye nezixhobo zinokufunyanwa ngexesha.
3) Ngokuqala nokusebenza kovavanyo, qonda ukufakwa kwezakhiwo ze-hydraulic kunye nezixhobo ze-electromechanical, uqonde ukusebenza kwezixhobo ze-electromechanical, ulinganise idatha yobugcisa efunekayo esebenzayo, kwaye urekhode ezinye iigophe zeempawu zezixhobo njengenye yeziseko ezisisiseko zokusebenza ngokusesikweni, ukuze ulungiselele idatha yobugcisa efunekayo yokulungiselela imigaqo yokusebenza kwesikhululo samandla.
4) Kwezinye iiprojekthi zamandla ombane, uvavanyo olubonisa ukusebenza kakuhle kweyunithi yokuvelisa i-turbine yamanzi nalo lwenziwa. Ukuqinisekisa ixabiso lokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle komenzi kunye nokubonelela ngedatha yokusebenza koqoqosho lwesityalo samandla.
25. Yintoni injongo yovavanyo lwesantya esiphezulu kwiyunithi?
Impendulo: 1) jonga umgangatho wolawulo lwesixhobo sokulawula ngokuzenzekelayo sokuvuselela iyunithi; 2) Qonda indawo yokungcangcazela yeyunithi ephantsi komthwalo; 3) Jonga kwaye uqinisekise ixabiso eliphezulu lokunyuka kweyunithi yedatha yokulawula, ixabiso eliphezulu lokunyuka koxinzelelo phambi kwe-vane yesikhokelo kunye ne-coefficient yohlengahlengiso lomahluko werhuluneli; 4) Qonda umthetho wotshintsho lweempawu zangaphakathi ze-hydraulic kunye ne-mechanical zeyunithi kunye nempembelelo yayo kumsebenzi weyunithi, ukuze kubonelelwe ngedatha efunekayo yokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kweyunithi; 5) Chonga uzinzo kunye nokunye ukusebenza kwerhuluneli.
26. Ungayiqhuba njani uvavanyo lwebhalansi engaguqukiyo ye-hydraulic turbine?
Impendulo: beka iigeyiji ezimbini zenqanaba kwi-bisectors ze-X kunye ne-Y zeringi esezantsi yomgijimi; Beka ubunzima bebhalansi obunobunzima obufanayo nobenqanaba ngokulinganayo kwi-bisector ye-X kunye ne-y (ubunzima bayo bungabalwa ngokwendlela efundwa ngayo inqanaba); Ngokwenqanaba lenqanaba, beka ubunzima bebhalansi kwicala elikhanyayo de iqamza lenqanaba libe phakathi, kwaye ubhale ubungakanani be-P kunye ne-azimuth yobunzima bokugqibela bebhalansi α
27. Ungayikhupha njani intloko yokutyhala ngexesha lokulungisa?
Impendulo: susa isikrufu sokudibanisa phakathi kwentloko yokutyhala kunye nepleyiti yesibuko, xhoma intloko yokutyhala kumsele oyintloko ngentambo yentsimbi uze uyiqinise kancinci. Phakamisa ipompo yeoyile, faka i-rotor phezulu, yongeza ii-aluminium pads ezine phakathi kwentloko yokutyhala kunye nepleyiti yesibuko ngendlela ye-90 degrees, khupha ioyile uze uyilahle i-rotor. Ngale ndlela, i-shaft ephambili yehla nge-rotor, kwaye intloko yokutyhala inamathele kwi-pad ize itsalwe kude. Phinda amaxesha amaninzi, lawula ubukhulu bomqamelo phakathi kwe-6-10mm ngalo lonke ixesha, kwaye kancinci kancinci ukhuphe intloko yokutyhala ide ikwazi ukuphakanyiswa nge-hook ephambili. Emva kokutsala amaxesha amaninzi, intsebenziswano phakathi kwentloko yokutyhala kunye ne-shaft ephambili iyakhululeka, kwaye intloko yokutyhala ingatsalwa ngqo nge-crane. 28. Jonga le theyibhile ilandelayo ukuze ufumane irekhodi lokujika le-turbine eyi-1# (iyunithi: 0.01mm):
Bala i-full swing kunye ne-net swing ye-hydraulic guide, i-lower guide kunye ne-upper guide, uze ugcwalise le theyibhile ingentla.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Okthobha-21-2021
