1. Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyisithupha zezinto zokulungisa nokulungisa ekufakweni komshini? Ungakuqonda kanjani ukuphambuka okuvumelekile kokufakwa kwemishini kagesi?
Impendulo: into: 1) indiza eyisicaba, evundlile neqondile. 2) Ukuyindilinga, indawo ephakathi kanye nezinga eliphakathi nendawo lobuso obuyindilinga uqobo. 3) Indawo ebushelelezi, evundlile, evundlile nephakathi nendawo yomgodi. 4) Ukuma kwengxenye endaweni evundlile. 5) Ukuphakama (ukuphakama) kwezingxenye. 6) ukuhlukana phakathi kobuso, njll.
Ukuze kunqunywe ukuphambuka okuvumelekile kokufakwa kwemishini kagesi, ukuthembeka kokusebenza kweyunithi kanye nobulula bokufakwa kumele kucatshangelwe. Uma ukuphambuka okuvumelekile kokufakwa kuncane kakhulu, umsebenzi wokulungisa nokulungisa uzoba nzima futhi isikhathi sokulungisa nokulungisa sizokwelulwa; Uma ukuphambuka okuvumelekile kokufakwa kukhulu kakhulu, kuzonciphisa ukunemba kokufakwa kanye nokuphepha kokusebenza kanye nokuthembeka kweyunithi yokulinganisa, futhi kuthinte ngqo ukukhiqizwa kwamandla okuvamile.
2. Kungani iphutha lezinga lesikwele ngokwalo lingasuswa ngokujika ukulinganisa?
Impendulo: Ake sithi umkhawulo owodwa wezinga ungu-a kanti omunye umkhawulo ungu-B, futhi iphutha lawo libangela ukuthi ibhamuza liye ekugcineni kuka-a (ngakwesobunxele) ngu-M. lapho kulinganiswa izinga lezingxenye ezinaleli zinga, iphutha lawo libangela ukuthi ibhamuza liye ekugcineni kuka-a (ngakwesobunxele) ngu-M. ngemva kokuphenduka, iphutha lawo libangela ukuthi ibhamuza lisaye ekugcineni kuka-a (ngakwesokudla ngalesi sikhathi) ngenani elifanayo lamaseli, ngakolunye uhlangothi, okungukuthi - m, bese usebenzisa ifomula δ= Ngesikhathi sokubalwa kuka-(a1 + A2) / 2 * c * D, inani lamaseli ashukunyiswa yibhamuza ngenxa yephutha lawo liyakhanselana, okungenawo umthelela enanini lamaseli ashukunyiswa yibhamuza ngenxa yezinga elingalingani lezingxenye, ngakho-ke umthelela wephutha lethuluzi ekulinganisweni uyasuswa.
3. Chaza kafushane izinto zokulungisa nokulungisa kanye nezindlela zokufaka i-draft tube liner?
Indlela yokuphendula: okokuqala, maka indawo ye-X, – x, y, – Y axis ekuvulekeni okuphezulu kwe-lining. Faka uhlaka lwesikhungo sokuphakama endaweni lapho ukhonkolo emgodini womshini mkhulu kune-radius yendilinga yangaphandle yendandatho yokuhlala, hambisa umugqa ophakathi kanye nokuphakama kweyunithi ohlakeni lwesikhungo sokuphakama, bese ulengisa imigqa yepiyano ku-x-axis kanye ne-y-axis endaweni efanayo evundlile yohlaka lwesikhungo sokuphakama kanye ne-X kanye ne-y-axis. Kukhona umehluko othile wokuphakama phakathi kwemigqa emibili yepiyano, Ngemva kokuba isikhungo sokuphakama simiswe futhi sihlolwe kabusha, i-lining Center kufanele ilinganiswe futhi ilungiswe. Lengisa izando ezine ezisindayo endaweni lapho umugqa wepiyano uhambisana khona nophawu oluse-orifice yepayipi ku-lining, lungisa i-jack kanye ne-stretcher ukuze uvumelanise isihloko sesando esisindayo nophawu oluse-orifice yepayipi ephezulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, isikhungo se-orifice yepayipi ku-lining sihambisana nesikhungo seyunithi. Kala ibanga ukusuka endaweni ephansi kakhulu ye-orifice yepayipi ephezulu kuya kumugqa wepiyano ngerula yensimbi. Susa ibanga ukusuka ekuphakameni okuhleliwe komugqa wepiyano ukuze kube ukuphakama kwangempela kwepayipi elingaphezulu le-lining, bese ulilungisa ngezikulufo noma amapuleti e-wedge ukuze wenze ukuphakama kwe-lining kube ngaphakathi kobubanzi bokuphambuka obuvumelekile.
4. Ungawuhlanganisa kanjani kusengaphambili futhi ubeke indandatho engezansi kanye nesembozo sangaphezulu?
Impendulo: qala uphakamise indandatho engezansi endaweni engezansi yendandatho yokugcina, lungisa isikhungo sendandatho engezansi ngepuleti le-wedge ngokwesikhala esiphakathi kwendandatho engezansi nomlomo wesibili wendandatho yokugcina, bese uphakamisa ingxenye ye-vane yomhlahlandlela eshukumayo ngokulinganayo ngokwenombolo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-vane yomhlahlandlela ingakwazi ukujikeleza kalula futhi ithambekele nxazonke, kungenjalo ubhekane nobubanzi be-bore yesihlahla sokuthwala, bese uyiphakamisa isembozo sangaphezulu nesinqe. Thatha isikhungo sendandatho elandelayo yokuvuza egxilile njengesilinganiso, lengisa umugqa ophakathi weyunithi ye-turbine yamanzi, ulinganise isikhungo kanye nokuzungeza kwendandatho yokuvuza egxilile ephezulu, bese ulungisa indawo ephakathi yesembozo sangaphezulu ukuze umehluko phakathi kwerediyasi ngayinye kanye nesilinganiso ungadluli ku-± 10% wesikhala somklamo wendandatho yokuvuza. Ngemva kokuthi ukulungiswa kwesembozo sangaphezulu sekuqediwe, qinisa amabhawodi ahlanganisiwe esembozo sangaphezulu kanye nendandatho yokugcina. Bese ulinganisa futhi ulungise i-coaxiality yendandatho engezansi kanye nesembozo sangaphezulu. Okokugcina, lungisa kuphela indandatho engezansi ngokusekelwe esembozweni sangaphezulu. Hlanganisa igebe phakathi kwendandatho engezansi nomlomo wesithathu wendandatho yokugcina ngepuleti le-wedge, lungisa ukunyakaza kwe-radial kwendandatho engezansi, lungisa ukunyakaza kwayo kwe-axial ngama-jack amane, kala igebe phakathi kobuso obuphezulu nobaphansi be-guide vane ukuze wenze △ ibe nkulu ≈ △ ibe ncane, bese ulinganisa igebe phakathi kwesihlahla se-guide vane sleeve bearing bush kanye ne-journal ukuze ukwenze kube ngaphakathi kobubanzi obuvumelekile. Bese ubhoboza imigodi yephini yesembozo esiphezulu nesendandatho engezansi ngokusho komdwebo, bese isembozo esiphezulu nendandatho engezansi zihlanganiswa kusengaphambili.
5. Ungayiqondisa kanjani ingxenye ejikelezayo ye-turbine ngemva kokuba iphakanyiswe emgodini we-turbine?
Impendulo: lungisa indawo ephakathi kuqala, lungisa igebe phakathi kwendandatho yokumisa ukuvuza engezansi ejikelezayo kanye nomlomo wesine wendandatho yokugcina, phakamisa indandatho yokumisa ukuvuza ephansi ehleliwe, faka iphini, qinisa ibholithi elihlanganisiwe ngokulinganayo, kala igebe phakathi kwendandatho yokumisa ukuvuza engezansi ejikelezayo kanye nendandatho yokumisa ukuvuza ephansi ehleliwe nge-feeler gauge, lungisa kahle indawo ephakathi yomgijimi nge-jack ngokwegebe elilinganisiwe, bese uqapha ukulungiswa ngesibonakaliso sokudayela. Bese ulungisa izinga, beka izinga ezindaweni ezine x, – x, y kanye – Y ebusweni be-flange bomshaft oyinhloko we-turbine, bese ulungisa ipuleti le-wedge ngaphansi komgijimi ukuze wenze ukuphambuka okuqondile kobuso be-flange ngaphakathi kobubanzi obuvunyelwe.
6. Chaza inqubo ejwayelekile yokufaka ngemva kokuphakamisa i-rotor yeyunithi ye-hydro generator elengayo?
Impendulo: 1) ukuthulula ukhonkolo wesigaba sesi-II; 2) Ukuphakamisa uhlaka olungaphezulu; 3) Ukufakwa kwe-thrust bearing; 4) Ukulungiswa kwe-generator axis; 5) Ukuxhumeka kwe-Spindle 6) Ukulungiswa kwe-general axis yeyunithi; 7) Ukulungiswa kwamandla kwe-thrust pad; 8) Lungisa isikhungo sengxenye ejikelezayo; 9) Faka i-guide bearing; 10) Faka i-exciter kanye nomshini we-magnet ohlala njalo; 11) Faka ezinye izesekeli;
7. Indlela yokufaka kanye nezinyathelo zesicathulo sokuqondisa amanzi zichaziwe.
Impendulo: indlela yokufaka 1) lungisa indawo yokufaka ngokwesikhala esichazwe ekwakhiweni kwe-water guide bearing, ukujiya kwe-unit axis kanye nendawo ye-main shaft; 2) Faka isicathulo se-water guide ngokulinganayo ngokwezidingo zomklamo; 3) Ngemva kokunquma isikhala esilungisiwe, silungise nge-jack noma i-wedge plate;
8. Ukulimala kanye nokwelashwa komsinga womgodi kuchazwe kafushane.
A: ukulimala: ngenxa yokuba khona komsinga womgodi, ukuguguleka okuncane kwe-arc kudalwa phakathi kwejenali kanye nesihlahla sokuthwala, okwenza i-bearing alloy inamathele kancane kancane kwijenali, ibhubhise indawo yokusebenza enhle yesihlahla sokuthwala, ibangele ukushisa ngokweqile kwe-bearing, futhi incibilikise ne-bearing alloy; Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa ye-electrolysis yesikhathi eside yomsinga, uwoyela wokugcoba uzowohloka, ube mnyama, unciphise ukusebenza kokugcoba futhi wandise izinga lokushisa lokuthwala. Ukwelashwa: ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuguguleka kwale shaft current esihlahleni sokuthwala, i-bearing kumele ihlukaniswe nesisekelo nge-insulation ukuze kunqunywe isekethe yomsinga womgodi. Ngokuvamile, ama-bearing ohlangothini lwe-exciter (i-thrust bearing kanye ne-guide bearing), isisekelo se-oyela receiver kanye nentambo ye-governor recovery wire kufanele i-insulation, futhi izikulufo zokulungisa ukwesekwa kanye namaphini kufanele afakwe imikhono yokuvikela. Konke ukuvikela kufanele komiswe kusenesikhathi. Ngemva kokufakwa kokuvikela, ukuvikela kwe-bearing phansi kufanele kuhlolwe nge-500V megger futhi akufanele kube ngaphansi kwama-megohm angu-0.5
9. Chaza kafushane inhloso nendlela yokuguqula amayunithi.
Impendulo: Inhloso: njengoba ubuso bokungqubuzana kwepuleti lesibuko langempela ngeke bube buqondile ngokuphelele ku-axis yeyunithi, futhi i-axis ngokwayo akuyona umugqa oqondile ofanele, lapho iyunithi ijikeleza, umugqa ophakathi weyunithi uzophambuka emgqeni ophakathi, futhi i-axis izolinganiswa futhi ilungiswe ngokujika ngesibonakaliso sokudayela, ukuze kuhlaziywe imbangela, usayizi kanye nokuma kwe-axis swing. Ukungaguquguquki phakathi kobuso bokungqubuzana kwepuleti lesibuko kanye ne-axis, ubuso bokuhlanganiswa kwe-flange kanye ne-axis kungalungiswa ngokuklwebha ubuso bokuhlanganiswa obufanele, futhi ukujikijela kungancishiswa kube uhla oluvumelekile.
Izindlela:
1) ukujika ngomshini, okuqhutshwa yisethi yentambo yensimbi kanye ne-pulley ene-bridge crane esitshalweni njengamandla
2) Ugesi oqondile ufakwa kuma-stator kanye nama-rotor windings ukuze kukhiqizwe indlela yokudonsa amandla kagesi - igiya lokujika likagesi 3) kumayunithi amancane, igiya lokujika ngesandla lingasetshenziswa futhi ukushayela iyunithi ukuthi ijikeleze kancane - igiya lokujika ngesandla 10. Chaza kafushane inqubo yokulungisa yedivayisi yokuzilungisa amanzi ene-air shroud kanye nobuso bokugcina.
Impendulo: 1) bhala phansi indawo yengxenye eyonakele emshafini, susa ingxenye eyonakele bese uhlola ukuguguleka kwepuleti lokuguguleka lensimbi eligqwalile. Uma kukhona i-burr noma umsele ongajulile, ungapholishwa nge-oilstone ngendlela yokujikeleza. Uma kukhona umsele ojulile noma ukuguguleka okukhulu noma ukuguguleka, kufanele kulinganiswe.
2) Susa ipuleti lokucindezela, urekhode ukulandelana kwamabhulokhi enayiloni, khipha amabhulokhi enayiloni bese uhlola ukuguga. Uma kudingeka ukwelashwa, wonke kufanele acindezelwe ngamapuleti okucindezela bese ehlanganiswa ndawonye, bese amamaki okucindezela kufanele afakwe nefayela, futhi ukuthamba komphezulu wamabhulokhi enayiloni kufanele kuhlolwe ngeplatifomu. Imiphumela ngemva kokuklwebha ihlangabezana nezidingo
3) Hlukanisa idiski yokuvala engaphezulu bese uhlola ukuthi iphakethe eliyindilinga lerabha ligugile yini. Uma ligugile, lishintshe ngelisha. 4) Susa isiphethu, susa udaka nokugqwala, bese uhlola ukuqina kokucindezela ngakunye. Uma kwenzeka ukuguquka kwepulasitiki, lishintshe ngelisha
5) Susa ipayipi lokungena komoya kanye nesixhumi sesembozo somoya, hlukanisa isembozo sokuvala, khipha isembozo, bese uhlola ukuguguleka kwesembozo. Uma kukhona ukuguguleka kwendawo noma ukuvuza kokuguguleka, kungalungiswa ngokulungiswa okushisayo.
6) Khipha iphini lokuthola indawo bese uhlukanisa indandatho ephakathi. Hlanza zonke izingxenye ngaphambi kokufaka.
11. Yiziphi izindlela zokwenza uxhumano lokungena oluphazamisekile? Yiziphi izinzuzo zendlela ye-hot sleeve?
Impendulo: kunezindlela ezimbili: 1) indlela yokucindezela; 2) Indlela yesikhafu esishisayo; Izinzuzo: 1) ingafakwa ngaphandle kokufaka ingcindezi; 2) Ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa, amaphuzu avelayo ebusweni bokuxhumana awapholishwa yi-axial friction, okuthuthukisa kakhulu amandla okuxhumana;
12. Chaza kafushane izinto zokulungisa nokulungisa kanye nezindlela zokufaka indandatho yokuhlala?
A: (1) izinto zokulungisa nokulungisa zifaka: (a) isikhungo; (b) Ukuphakama; (c) Izinga
(2) Indlela yokulungisa nokulungisa:
(a) Ukulinganisa kanye nokulungisa phakathi: ngemva kokuba indandatho yokugcina isiphakanyisiwe futhi ibekwe kahle, lengisa umugqa wepiyano ophambene weyunithi, lengisa izando ezine ezisindayo emgqeni wepiyano odonswe ngaphezu kwamamaki ka-X, – x, y, – Y endandatho yokugcina kanye nobuso be-flange, bese ubona ukuthi isihloko sesando esindayo siyahambisana yini nophawu oluphakathi; Uma kungenjalo, lungisa indawo yendandatho yokugcina ngemishini yokuphakamisa ukuze ihambisane.
(b) Ukulinganiswa kokuphakama nokulungiswa: kala ibanga ukusuka ebusweni be-flange endandatho yokugcina kuya esiphambanweni sepiyano ngerula yensimbi. Uma ingahlangabezani nezidingo, ingalungiswa ngepuleti le-wedge elingezansi.
(c) Ukulinganisa nokulungisa okuvundlile: sebenzisa ugongolo oluvundlile kanye nezinga lesikwele ukukala ebusweni be-flange yendandatho yokugcina. Ngokwemiphumela yokulinganisa nokubala, sebenzisa ipuleti le-wedge elingezansi ukulungisa. Ngesikhathi ulungisa, qinisa amabhawodi. Futhi kala futhi ulungise ngokuphindaphindiwe kuze kube yilapho ukuqina kwebhawodi kufana futhi izinga lihlangabezana nezidingo.
13. Ungayithola kanjani isikhungo se-turbine kaFrancis?
Impendulo: isikhungo se-turbine kaFrancis ngokuvamile sinqunywa ngokusekelwe ekuphakameni komlomo wesibili wechibi wendandatho yokuhlala. Okokuqala hlukanisa umlomo wesibili wechibi wendandatho yokuhlala ibe amaphuzu angu-8-16 ngokujikeleza, bese ulengisa umugqa wepiyano endaweni engenhla yendandatho yokuhlala noma isisekelo sefreyimu engezansi yejeneretha njengoba kudingeka, ulinganise ibanga phakathi komlomo wesibili wechibi wendandatho yokuhlala kanye namaphuzu amane alinganayo e-X kanye ne-Y axes emgqeni wepiyano ngetheyipu yensimbi, lungisa isikhungo sebhola, wenze umehluko phakathi kwerediyasi yamaphuzu amabili alinganayo ngaphakathi kwe-5mm, bese ulungisa kuqala indawo yomugqa wepiyano, Bese, hlela umugqa wepiyano ngokwengxenye yendandatho kanye nendlela yokulinganisa isikhungo ukuze udlule phakathi komlomo wesibili wechibi. Indawo elungisiwe iyindawo yokufaka i-turbine ye-hydraulic.
14. Chaza kafushane umsebenzi we-thrust bearing? Yiziphi izinhlobo ezintathu zesakhiwo se-thrust bearing? Yiziphi izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-thrust bearing?
Impendulo: umsebenzi: ukuthwala amandla e-axial eyunithi kanye nesisindo sazo zonke izingxenye ezijikelezayo. Ukuhlukaniswa: i-strut thrut bearing eqinile, i-balance weight thrust bearing kanye ne-hydraulic column thrust bearing. Izingxenye eziyinhloko: i-thrust head, i-thrust pad, i-mirror plate, i-snap ring.
15. Umqondo kanye nendlela yokulungisa yokucindezela i-stroke kuchazwe kafushane.
A: umqondo: i-pressing stroke iwukulungisa i-stroke ye-servomotor ukuze i-guide vane ibe nomkhawulo we-stroke wamamilimitha amaningana (ekuqondeni kokuvala) ngemva kokuvalwa. Le stroke margin ibizwa ngokuthi indlela yokulungisa i-pressing stroke: lapho isilawuli kanye ne-servomotor piston zisesimweni esivalwe ngokuphelele, khipha izikulufo zomkhawulo ku-servomotor ngayinye ziye enanini le-pressing stroke elidingekayo. Leli nani lingalawulwa yinani lokujika kwephimbo.
16. Yiziphi izimbangela ezintathu eziyinhloko zokudlidliza kweyunithi ye-hydraulic?
A: (I) ukudlidliza okubangelwa yizizathu zemishini: 1. Ukungalingani kwesisindo se-rotor. 2. I-axis yeyunithi ayilungile. 3. Amaphutha okuthwala. （2） Ukudlidliza okubangelwa yizizathu ze-hydraulic: 1. Umthelela wokugeleza endaweni yokungena yomgijimi okubangelwa ukuphambuka okungalingani kwe-volute kanye ne-guide vane. 2. Isitimela se-Carmen vortex. 3. Ukudlidliza kwe-cavity. 4. I-Gap jet. 5. Ukushaya kwengcindezi yendandatho yesivalo
(3) Ukudlidliza okubangelwa izici ze-electromagnetic: 1. I-Rotor winding short circuit. 2) igebe lomoya elingalingani.
17. Incazelo emfushane: (1) ukungalingani okungaguquki kanye nokungalingani okuguquguqukayo?
Impendulo: ukungalingani okungaguquki: njengoba i-rotor ye-hydraulic turbine ingekho ku-axis yokujikeleza, lapho i-rotor isesimweni esingaguquki, i-rotor ayikwazi ukuhlala izinzile kunoma iyiphi indawo. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi ukungalingani okungaguquki.
Ukungalingani okuguquguqukayo: kubhekisela esimweni sokudlidliza okubangelwa ukuma okungajwayelekile noma ubuningi obungalingani bezingxenye ezijikelezayo ze-hydraulic turbine ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
18. Incazelo emfushane: (2) inhloso yokuhlolwa kwebhalansi engaguquki yomgijimi we-turbine?
Impendulo: kuyadingeka ukunciphisa ukungezwani kwesikhungo sokudonsa amandla komgijimi kube yibanga elivumelekile, ukuze kugwenywe ukuba khona kokungezwani kwesikhungo sokudonsa amandla komgijimi; amandla e-centrifugal eyunithi azobangela ukuguguleka okungavamile kweshaft eyinhloko ngesikhathi sokusebenza, andise ukujikijela komhlahlandlela we-hydraulic, noma abangele ukudlidliza kwe-turbine ngesikhathi sokusebenza, futhi alimaze ngisho nezingxenye zeyunithi futhi akhulule amabhawodi e-anchor, okuholela ezingozini ezinkulu.18. Ungayenza kanjani isilinda sangaphandle Ukulinganisa ukuzungeza kobuso?
Impendulo: kufakwe inkomba yokudayela engalweni eqondile yokusekela, futhi induku yayo yokulinganisa ithintana nobuso obuyindilinga obulinganisiwe. Lapho ukwesekwa kuzungeza i-axis, inani elifundwayo kusuka kunkomba yokudayela libonisa ukuzungeza kobuso obulinganisiwe.
19. Yazi isakhiwo se-micrometer yangaphakathi bese uchaza ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani indlela yesekethe kagesi ukukala izingxenye zesimo kanye nendawo ephakathi?
Impendulo: thatha ichibi lesibili lendandatho yokuhlala njengesilinganiso, qala uqondise umugqa wepiyano, thatha lo mugqa wepiyano njengesilinganiso, bese usebenzisa i-micrometer yangaphakathi ukwakha isekethe kagesi phakathi kwezingxenye zendandatho nomugqa wepiyano, lungisa ubude be-micrometer yangaphakathi bese udweba emgqeni wepiyano, phansi, kwesobunxele nakwesokudla Ngokusho komsindo, ingahlulela ukuthi i-micrometer yangaphakathi ixhumene nomugqa wepiyano, futhi ilinganise ingxenye yendandatho kanye nendawo ephakathi.
20. Inqubo ejwayelekile yokufaka i-turbine kaFrancis?
Impendulo: ukufakwa kwe-inner liner ye-draft tube → ukuthulula ukhonkolo nxazonke kwe-draft tube, i-stay ring kanye ne-spiral case buttress → ukuhlanza nokuhlanganiswa kwe-stay ring kanye ne-foundation ring kanye nokufakwa kwe-conical pipe ye-stay ring kanye ne-foundation ring → i-foundation bolt board ye-foot stay ring → ukuhlanganiswa kwe-single section spiral case → ukufakwa nokushiselwa kwe-spiral case → ukufakwa kwe-inner liner kanye ne-breaded pit emgodini we-turbine → ukuthulula ukhonkolo ngaphansi kwe-generator floor → ukuhlolwa kabusha kwe-stay ring elevation kanye ne-level kanye ne-hydraulic turbine center Qinisekisa → ukuhlanza nokuhlanganiswa kwe-lower fixed leakage stop ring → ukubeka i-lower fixed leakage stop → ukuhlanza nokuhlanganiswa kwe-top cover kanye ne-stay ring → ngaphambi kokuhlanganiswa kwendlela yokuqondisa amanzi → ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-main shaft kanye ne-runner → ukuphakamisa nokufaka ingxenye ejikelezayo → ukufakwa kwendlela yokuqondisa amanzi → uxhumano lwe-main shaft → ukujika okuphelele kweyunithi → ukufakwa kwe-water guide bearing → ukufakwa kwezesekeli → ukuhlanza, ukuhlola nokupenda → ukuqala kweyunithi kanye nokuqalwa kwayo.
21. Yiziphi izidingo zobuchwepheshe eziyinhloko zokufakwa kwendlela yokuqondisa amanzi?
Impendulo: 1) isikhungo sendandatho engezansi kanye nesembozo esiphezulu kufanele sihambisane nomugqa ophakathi oqondile weyunithi; 2) indandatho engezansi kanye nesembozo esiphezulu kufanele zihambisane, imigqa ebhalwe ngo-X no-Y kuzo kufanele ihambisane nemigqa ebhalwe ngo-X no-Y yeyunithi, futhi izimbobo eziphezulu nezingezansi zokuthwala ze-vane ngayinye yomhlahlandlela kufanele zibe yi-coaxial; 3) ukuvuleka kokuphela kwe-vane yomhlahlandlela kanye nokuqina ngesikhathi sokuvala kuzohlangabezana nezidingo; 4) umsebenzi wengxenye yokudlulisela i-vane yomhlahlandlela kufanele ube nokuguquguquka nokuthembeka.
22. Ungaxhuma kanjani umgijimi nomgodi oyinhloko?
Impendulo: qala ngokuxhuma i-shaft eyinhloko nesembozo se-runner, bese uxhuma nomzimba we-runner ndawonye, noma uqale ngokuxhuma i-bolt exhumanisayo embobeni yesikulufu sesembozo se-runner ngokwenombolo, bese uvimba ingxenye engezansi ngepuleti lensimbi. Ngemva kokuba ukuhlolwa kokuvuza kokuvala sekufanelekile, xhuma i-shaft eyinhloko nesembozo se-runner.
23. Ungasiguqula kanjani isisindo se-rotor?
Impendulo: ukuguqulwa kwebhuleki le-lock nut kulula kakhulu. Uma nje i-rotor icindezelwe ngomfutho kawoyela, i-lock nut iyakhululwa, bese i-rotor iphinde yehliswe, isisindo sayo sizoguqulwa sibe yi-thrust bearing.
24. Iyini inhloso yokuqala nokusebenza kokulinga kweyunithi yokuphehla i-turbine yamanzi?
Impendulo:
1) hlola ukuthi ikhwalithi yokwakha, ikhwalithi yokukhiqiza kanye nokufakwa kobunjiniyela bezakhiwo iyahlangabezana yini nezidingo zomklamo kanye nemithethonqubo kanye nezincazelo ezifanele.
2) Ngokuhlolwa ngaphambi nangemva kokusebenza kwesilingo, umsebenzi ongekho noma ongakaqedwa kanye namaphutha ephrojekthi kanye nemishini kungatholakala ngesikhathi.
3) Ngokuqala nokusebenza kokulinga, qonda ukufakwa kwezakhiwo ze-hydraulic kanye nemishini ye-electromechanical, uqonde ukusebenza kahle kwemishini ye-electromechanical, ulinganise idatha ethile yobuchwepheshe edingekayo esebenzayo, bese uqopha amanye ama-curve achaza imishini njengenye yezisekelo eziyisisekelo zokusebenza okusemthethweni, ukuze ulungiselele idatha yobuchwepheshe edingekayo yokulungiselela imithetho yokusebenza kwesitshalo sikagesi.
4) Kweminye imisebenzi kagesi wamanzi, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kahle kweyunithi yokuphehla i-turbine yamanzi. Ukuqinisekisa inani lesiqinisekiso sokusebenza kahle komkhiqizi nokunikeza idatha yokusebenza kwezomnotho kwesitshalo samandla.
25. Iyini inhloso yokuhlolwa kwesivinini esingaphezu kwesilinganiso seyunithi?
Impendulo: 1) hlola ikhwalithi yokulawula yedivayisi yokulawula okuzenzakalelayo yokuvuselela yeyunithi; 2) Qonda indawo yokudlidliza yeyunithi engaphansi komthwalo; 3) Hlola futhi uqinisekise inani eliphezulu lokukhuphuka kweyunithi yedatha yokulawula, inani eliphezulu lokukhuphuka kwengcindezi phambi kwe-guide vane kanye ne-differential adjustment coefficient yombusi; 4) Qonda umthetho wokushintsha kwezimpawu zangaphakathi ze-hydraulic kanye ne-mechanical zeyunithi kanye nomthelela wayo emsebenzini weyunithi, ukuze unikeze idatha edingekayo yokusebenza okuphephile kweyunithi; 5) Thola ukuzinza kanye nokunye ukusebenza kombusi.
26. Ungalwenza kanjani uvivinyo lwebhalansi engaguquki ye-hydraulic turbine?
Impendulo: beka amageyiji amabili ezilinganisweni ze-X kanye ne-Y zendandatho engezansi yomgijimi; Beka isisindo sebhalansi esinesisindo esifanayo nesezinga ngokulinganayo esilinganisweni se-bisector sika-X kanye no-y (isisindo saso singabalwa ngokuya ngokufundwa kwezinga); Ngokwezinga leleveli, beka isisindo sebhalansi ohlangothini olukhanyayo kuze kube yilapho ibhamuza leleveli liphakathi nendawo, bese ubhala phansi usayizi u-P kanye ne-azimuth yesisindo sebhalansi sokugcina u-α
27. Ungalikhipha kanjani ikhanda elicindezelwayo ngesikhathi sokulungisa?
Impendulo: susa isikulufu sokuxhumanisa phakathi kwekhanda lokusunduza kanye nepuleti lesibuko, lengisa ikhanda lokusunduza emgodini omkhulu ngentambo yensimbi bese uyiqinisa kancane. Phakamisa ipompo kawoyela, faka i-rotor phezulu, engeza ama-aluminium pads amane phakathi kwekhanda lokusunduza kanye nepuleti lesibuko ngendlela engama-degree angu-90, khipha amafutha bese uphonsa i-rotor. Ngale ndlela, i-shaft eyinhloko yehla ne-rotor, bese ikhanda lokusunduza linamathela ngephedi bese likhishwa ibanga elide. Phinda izikhathi eziningana, lawula ukujiya komcamelo phakathi kuka-6-10mm isikhathi ngasinye, bese ukhipha kancane kancane ikhanda lokusunduza kuze kube yilapho lingaphakanyiswa nge-hook eyinhloko. Ngemva kokukhipha izikhathi eziningana, ukubambisana phakathi kwekhanda lokusunduza kanye ne-shaft eyinhloko kuyakhululeka, futhi ikhanda lokusunduza lingakhishwa ngqo nge-crane. 28. Bheka ithebula elilandelayo ukuthola irekhodi lokujika le-turbine engu-1# (iyunithi: 0.01mm):
Bala ukujika okugcwele kanye nokujika okunetha komhlahlandlela we-hydraulic, umhlahlandlela ongezansi kanye nomhlahlandlela ophezulu, bese uqedela ithebula elingenhla.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-21-2021
