1. Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyisithupha zokulungiswa nokulungiswa kwezinto ekufakweni komshini? Ungakuqonda kanjani ukuchezuka okuvumelekile kokufakwa kwemishini ye-electromechanical?
Impendulo: into: 1) indiza eyisicaba, evundlile neqondile. 2) Ukuyindilinga, indawo emaphakathi kanye nezinga eliphakathi nendawo ye-cylindrical surface ngokwayo. 3) Ukuma okubushelelezi, okuvundlile, okuqondile nokumaphakathi kwe-shaft. 4) Ukuma kwengxenye endizeni enezingqimba. 5) Ukuphakama (ukuphakama) kwezingxenye. 6) imvume phakathi kobuso, njll.
Ukuze unqume ukuchezuka okuvumelekile kokufakwa kwemishini kagesi, ukuthembeka kokusebenza kweyunithi kanye nokulula kokufaka kufanele kucatshangelwe. Uma ukuphambuka okuvumelekile kokufakwa kukuncane kakhulu, umsebenzi wokulungisa nokulungiswa uzoba yinkimbinkimbi futhi isikhathi sokulungisa nokulungiswa kuzokwelulwa; Uma ukuchezuka kokufakwa okuvunyelwe kukukhulu kakhulu, kuzonciphisa ukunemba kokufaka nokuphepha kokusebenza nokuthembeka kweyunithi yokulinganisa, futhi kuthinte ngokuqondile ukukhiqizwa kwamandla okuvamile.
2. Kungani iphutha leleveli yesikwele ngokwalo lingaqedwa ngokuphendula ukulinganisa?
Impendulo: ake sithi ingxenye eyodwa yeleveli ingu-a kanti enye ingu-B, futhi iphutha layo lidala ukuthi ibhamuza liye ekugcineni (ngakwesokunxele) ngo-M. lapho likala izinga lezingxenye ngaleli zinga, iphutha lalo libangela ukuthi ibhamuza liye ekugcineni (ngakwesokunxele) ngo-M. ngemva kokuphenduka, iphutha lalo libangela ukuthi ibhamuza liqhubeke liye kwesinye kwesokudla ngaso leso sikhathi, amaseli ngakolunye uhlangothi) ngu-m, bese usebenzisa ifomula δ= Ngesikhathi kubalwa (a1 + A2) / 2 * c * D, inani lamaseli anyakaziswa yibhamuza ngenxa yephutha lalo liyakhansela elinye nelinye, elingenamthelela enanini lamaseli anyakaziswa yibhamuza ngenxa yezinga elingalingani lezingxenye, ngakho umthelela wephutha lethuluzi esilinganisweni uyasuswa.
3. Chaza kafushane izinto zokulungisa kanye nezindlela zokufakwa kwe-draft tube liner?
Indlela yokuphendula: okokuqala, maka indawo ka-X, – x, y, – Y eksisi endaweni engaphezulu yomugqa. Faka uhlaka lwesikhungo sokuphakama endaweni lapho ukhonkolo womgodi womshini mkhulu kunerediyasi yesiyingi esingaphandle sendandatho yokuhlala, hambisa umugqa omaphakathi nokuphakama kweyunithi kuhlaka lwesikhungo sokuphakama, bese ulenga imigqa yepiyano ku-x-eksisi kanye ne-y-eksisi endizeni efanayo evundlile evundlile yohlaka lwesikhungo sokuphakama kanye no-X kanye ne-y-axis. Kunomehluko othile wobude phakathi kwemigqa emibili yepiyano, Ngemva kokuthi isikhungo sokuphakama sekwakhiwe futhi sihlolwe kabusha, Isikhungo somugqa sizolinganiswa futhi silungiswe. Lengisa izando ezine ezisindayo endaweni lapho ulayini wepiyano uqondana khona nomaka endaweni yepayipi ephuma olayini, lungisa ujeke ne-stretcher ukuze uqondanise ichopho lesando esindayo nomaka endaweni ephumayo yepayipi engenhla. Ngalesi sikhathi, isikhungo se-orifice yepayipi ku-lining sihambisana nesikhungo seyunithi. Linganisa ibanga ukusuka endaweni ephansi kakhulu ye-orifice yepayipi ukuya kulayini wepiyano ngerula yensimbi. Susa ibanga ukusuka kusethi yokuphakama kolayini wepiyano ukuze ube ukuphakama kwangempela kwendawo ephuma ngepayipi engaphezulu yolayini, bese ulilungisa ngezikulufu noma amapuleti amaweji ukuze wenze ukuphakama kolayini kube ngaphakathi kwebanga elivumelekile lokuchezuka.
4. Indlela yokuhlanganisa ngaphambili nokubeka iringi engezansi nekhava yangaphezulu?
Impendulo: qala uphakamise indandatho engezansi endizeni engezansi yendandatho yokuhlala, ulungise indawo ephakathi kwendandatho engezansi ngepuleti le-wedge ngokwegebe eliphakathi kwendandatho engezansi kanye nomlomo wechibi lesibili lendandatho yokuhlala, bese uphakamisa uhhafu we-vane yomhlahlandlela ogudlukayo ngokulinganayo ngokwenombolo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi i-vane yomhlahlandlela ingakwazi ukujikeleza ngokuguquguqukayo futhi inyakaze ibe yi-diameter, ngaphandle kwalokho phatha umkhono we-bure bese uphatha umkhono. Thatha indawo emaphakathi nendandatho yokuvuza engaguquki elandelayo njengebhentshimakhi, ulengise umugqa omaphakathi weyunithi ye-turbine yamanzi, ulinganise indawo emaphakathi nokuzungeza kwendandatho evuzayo ephezulu engaguquki, futhi ulungise indawo emaphakathi yekhava ephezulu ukuze umehluko phakathi kwerediyasi ngayinye nesilinganiso singadluli u-± 10% wemvume yedizayini yokuvuza kwendandatho evuzayo. Ngemuva kokuthi ukulungiswa kwekhava ephezulu sekuqediwe, qinisa amabhawodi ahlanganisiwe ekhava ephezulu bese uhlala indandatho. Bese ukala futhi ulungise i-coaxiality yendandatho engezansi kanye nekhava ephezulu. Okokugcina, lungisa kuphela iringi engezansi ngokusekelwe kukhava engaphezulu. Faka igebe phakathi kwendandatho engezansi kanye nomlomo wechibi wesithathu wendandatho yokuhlala ngepuleti le-wedge, lungisa ukunyakaza kwe-radial kwendandatho engezansi, lungisa ukunyakaza kwayo kwe-axial ngamajekhi amane, ulinganise igebe phakathi kobuso bokugcina obungaphezulu nobuphansi be-vane eqondisayo ukuze wenze △ ube mkhulu ≈ △ ube mncane, futhi ulinganise igebe phakathi kwesihlahla esiphakathi kwe-vane esivumela ukubamba ijenali. Bese ubhoboza izimbobo zamaphini ekhava engaphezulu nendandatho engezansi ngokomdwebo, bese kuthi ikhava engaphezulu nendandatho yaphansi kuhlanganiswe ngaphambili.
5. Indlela yokuqondanisa ingxenye ejikelezayo ye-turbine ngemva kokuba iphakanyiselwe emgodini we-turbine?
Impendulo: lungisa indawo emaphakathi kuqala, lungisa igebe phakathi kwendandatho yokumisa ukuvuza ezungezayo ephansi kanye nomlomo wesine wechibi lendandatho yokuhlala, phakamisa indandatho yokumisa ukuvuza engaguquki ephansi, shayela ephinikhodi, qinisa ibhande lebhawodi ngokulinganayo, ulinganise igebe phakathi kwendandatho yokuyeka yokuvuza ezungezayo ephansi kanye nendawo ephansi yokuvuza evuzayo enendawo yokumisa i-runner, ulungise indandatho yokumisa i-runner nge-runner. igebe elilinganisiwe, futhi uqaphe ukulungiswa ngenkomba yokudayela. Bese ulungisa ileveli, beka ileveli ezindaweni ezine okuthi x, – x, y kanye – Y endaweni evulekile ye-shaft eyinhloko ye-turbine, bese ulungisa ipuleti le-wedge ngaphansi komgijimi ukuze wenze ukuchezuka okuvundlile kwendawo ye-flange ngaphakathi kwebanga elivumelekile.
6. Chaza inqubo yokufaka evamile ngemva kokuphakanyiswa kwe-rotor kweyunithi emisiwe ye-hydro generator?
Impendulo: 1) ukuthulula isisekelo sesigaba II ukhonkolo; 2) Upper Upper Hoisting; 3) Ukufakwa kwe-thrust bear; 4) Ukulungiswa kwe-axis generator; 5) Ukuxhumeka kwe-spindle 6) ukulungiswa kwe-axis jikelele yeyunithi; 7) Phoqa ukulungiswa kwe-thrust pad; 8) Lungisa isikhungo sengxenye ejikelezayo; 9) Faka i-guide bear; 10) Faka i-exciter kanye nomshini ozibuthe unomphela; 11) Faka ezinye izesekeli;
7. Indlela yokufaka nezinyathelo zesicathulo somhlahlandlela wamanzi kuchaziwe.
Impendulo: indlela yokufaka 1) lungisa indawo yokufaka ngokusho kwemvume echazwe ekwakhiweni komhlahlandlela wamanzi, ukujikijela kwe-axis yeyunithi kanye nendawo ye-shaft enkulu; 2) Faka isicathulo somhlahlandlela wamanzi ngokulinganayo ngokwezidingo zokuklama; 3) Ngemva kokunquma imvume elungisiwe, yilungise nge-jack noma ipuleti ye-wedge;
8. Ukulimala nokwelashwa kwe-shaft current kuchazwe kafushane.
A: ukulimala: ngenxa yokuba khona kwe-shaft current, ukuguguleka kwe-arc encane kukhiqizwa phakathi kwejenali kanye nesihlahla esithwalayo, okwenza i-alloy ethwalayo inamathele kancane kancane kujenali, ibhubhise indawo enhle yokusebenza yesihlahla esithwalayo, ibangele ukushisa ngokweqile, futhi ngisho nokuncibilikisa i-alloy yokuzala; Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa ye-electrolysis yesikhathi eside yamanje, uwoyela wokugcoba uzowohloka, ube mnyama, unciphise ukusebenza kokugcoba futhi andise izinga lokushisa elithwalayo. Ukwelashwa: ukuze uvimbele ukuguguleka kwalokhu kushaft wamanje esihlahleni esithwalayo, ukuthwala kufanele kuhlukaniswe nesisekelo nge-insulation ukuze kunqunywe umjikelezo wamanje we-shaft. Ngokuvamile, ama-bearings ohlangothini lwe-exciter (i-thrust bearing kanye ne-guide bear), isisekelo sokwamukela uwoyela kanye nentambo yocingo yokubuyisela umbusi izofakwa i-insulated, futhi izikulufo zokulungisa nezikhonkwane kufanele zifakwe imikhono evikelayo. Konke ukufakwa kwe-insulation kuzomiswa kusengaphambili. Ngemuva kokufakwa kokufakwa, ukufakwa kwe-insulation phansi kuzobhekwa nge-500V megger futhi akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-0.5 megohm.
9. Chaza kafushane inhloso kanye nendlela yokuphenduka kweyunithi.
Impendulo: Inhloso: njengoba indawo yangempela yokushayisana kwepuleti yesibuko ngeke ibe yi-perpendicular ngokuphelele ku-axis yeyunithi, futhi i-eksisi ngokwayo ayiwona umugqa oqondile oqondile, lapho iyunithi ijikeleza, umugqa weyunithi wesikhungo uzochezuka emgqeni ophakathi nendawo, futhi i-eksisi izokalwa futhi ilungiswe ngokujika ngenkomba yokudayela, ukuze kuhlaziywe imbangela, ubukhulu kanye nokuma kwe-axis. I-non perpendicularity phakathi kwendawo yokungqubuzana kwepuleti lesibuko ne-eksisi, indawo ehlangene ye-flange ne-eksisi kungalungiswa ngokuklwebha indawo ehambisanayo ehlanganisiwe, futhi ukushwiba kungancishiswa kube ibanga elivumelekile.
Izindlela:
1) ukuphenduka kwemishini, okushayelwa isethi yentambo yensimbi kanye ne-pulley enokhreni webhuloho embonini njengamandla
2) Umshini oqondile ungeniswa ku-stator kanye ne-rotor windings ukuze ukhiqize indlela yokudonsa amandla kagesi - i-electric turning gear 3) yamayunithi amancane, i-manual turning gear ingasetshenziswa futhi ukushayela iyunithi ukuze ijikeleze kancane - i-manual turning gear 10. Chaza kafushane inqubo yokugcinwa kwedivayisi yokuvala uphawu lwamanzi oluzilungisayo ngendwangu yomoya kanye nobuso bokuphela.
Impendulo: 1) bhala phansi isikhundla sengxenye eyonakele ku-shaft, susa ingxenye eyonakele futhi uhlole ukuguga kwepuleti lokugqoka lensimbi egqwalile. Uma kune-burr noma i-groove engashoni, ingapholishwa nge-oilstone eduze nendawo yokuzungezisa. Uma kukhona i-groove ejulile noma i-eccentric eccentric egugile noma ukuguga, kuzokwenziwa ileveli.
2) Khipha ipuleti lokucindezela, rekhoda ukulandelana kwamabhlogo enayiloni, khipha amabhlogo enayiloni futhi uhlole ukuguga. Uma ukwelashwa kudingekile, konke kuzocindezelwa ngamapuleti okucindezela futhi ahlelwe ndawonye, khona-ke izimpawu zokuhlela zizofakwa ngefayela, futhi ukuvuleka kwendawo yamabhulokhi enayiloni kuzobhekwa ngeplatifomu. Imiphumela ngemva kokukhuhla ihlangabezana nezidingo
3) Hlukanisa i-disc yokuvala engaphezulu bese ubheka ukuthi i-rubber round packing igugile yini. Uma igqokile, yishintshe ufake entsha. 4) Susa intwasahlobo, susa udaka nokugqwala, futhi uhlole ukuqiniswa kokucindezela ngamunye ngamunye. Uma kwenzeka i-plastic deformation, faka enye entsha
5) Khipha ipayipi lokungenisa umoya kanye nesixhumi sendwangu yomoya, qaqa ikhava yokuvala, khipha indwangu, futhi uhlole ukuguga kwendwangu. Uma kukhona ukuguga kwendawo noma ukuvuza okugugile, kungelashwa ngokulungiswa okushisayo.
6) Donsa iphinikhodi yendawo bese uqaqa iringi ephakathi. Hlanza zonke izingxenye ngaphambi kokufaka.
11. Yiziphi izindlela zokubona ukuphazanyiswa kwe-fit connection? Yiziphi izinzuzo zendlela ye-hot sleeve?
Impendulo: kunezindlela ezimbili: 1) cindezela indlela; 2) Indlela ye-sleeve eshisayo; Izinzuzo: 1) ingafakwa ngaphandle kokufaka ingcindezi; I-2) Ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa, amaphuzu aphumayo endaweni yokuxhumana awaphucuziwe yi-axial friction, okuthuthukisa kakhulu amandla okuxhuma;
12. Chaza kafushane izinto zokulungisa nokulungiswa kanye nezindlela zokufakwa kwendandatho yokuhlala?
A: (1) izinto zokulungisa nokulungiswa zihlanganisa: (a) isikhungo; (b) Ukuphakama; (c) Izinga
(2) Ukulungisa kanye nendlela yokulungisa:
(a) Isilinganiso esimaphakathi nokulungiswa: ngemva kokuba indandatho yokuhlala iphakanyiselwe futhi ibekwe kahle, xhoma umugqa wepiyano ophambanayo weyunithi, ilengisa izando ezine ezisindayo emugqeni wepiyano odonswe ngaphezu kwamamaki okuthi X, – x, y, – Y eringini yokuhlala nangaphezulu, futhi ubone ukuthi isihloko sesando esinzima siyahambisana yini nophawu oluphakathi nendawo; Uma kungenjalo, lungisa indawo yokuhlala yeringi nempahla yokuphakamisa ukuze uyenze ihambisane.
(b) Isilinganiso sokuphakama nokulungiswa: kala ibanga ukusuka endaweni evulekile eringini yokuhlala ukuya esiphambanweni sepiyano ngerula yensimbi. Uma ingahlangabezani nezidingo, ingalungiswa ngepuleti le-wedge eliphansi.
(c) Ukulinganisa okuvundlile nokulungiswa: sebenzisa i-beam evundlile kanye nezikwele ukuze ulinganise endaweni evulekile yeringi yokuhlala. Ngokwemiphumela yesilinganiso nesibalo, sebenzisa ipuleti le-wedge elingezansi ukuze ulungise. Ngenkathi ulungisa, qinisa amabhawodi. Futhi ulinganise ngokuphindaphindiwe futhi ulungise kuze kube yilapho ukuqina kwebhawodi kufana futhi nezinga lihlangabezana nezidingo.
13. Indlela yokunquma isikhungo sikaFrancis turbine?
Impendulo: isikhungo se-Francis turbine ngokuvamile sinqunywa ngokusekelwe ekuphakameni komlomo wechibi wesibili wendandatho yokuhlala. Okokuqala hlukanisa umlomo wechibi wesibili wendandatho yokuhlala ube amaphuzu angu-8-16 eduze kwesiyingi, bese ulenga umugqa wepiyano endizeni ephezulu yendandatho yokuhlala noma indiza yesisekelo yefreyimu ephansi yejeneretha njengoba kudingekile, ulinganise ibanga phakathi komlomo wechibi wesibili wendandatho yokuhlala kanye namaphoyinti amane alinganayo we-X kanye no-Y wezimbazo phakathi kwe-piano yensimbi umehluko, wenze umehluko phakathi kwe-tape yensimbi. amaphuzu amabili alinganayo phakathi kuka-5mm, bese ulungisa kuqala indawo yomugqa wepiyano, Bese, qondanisa umugqa wepiyano ngokwengxenye yeringi kanye nendlela yokulinganisa emaphakathi ukuze udlule phakathi nendawo yomlomo wechibi wesibili. Indawo elungisiwe iyisikhungo sokufakwa kwe-hydraulic turbine.
14. Chaza kafushane umsebenzi wokuphusha? Yiziphi izinhlobo ezintathu ze-thrust bear structure? Yiziphi izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-thrust bear?
Impendulo: umsebenzi: thwala amandla e-axial weyunithi nesisindo sazo zonke izingxenye ezijikelezayo. Ukuhlukaniswa: ukuthwala i-thrust eqinile, i-balance weight thrust bearing kanye ne-hydraulic column thrust bear. Izingxenye eziyinhloko: i-thrust head, i-thrust pad, ipuleti lesibuko, indandatho ye-snap.
15. Umqondo kanye nendlela yokulungisa yokucindezela i-stroke kuchazwe kafushane.
A: Umqondo: i-stroke ecindezelayo iwukulungisa ukushaywa kwe-servomotor ukuze i-vane yomhlahlandlela isenomkhawulo wokushaya wamamilimitha amaningana (endleleni yokuvala) ngemva kokuvalwa. Le majini ye-stroke ibizwa ngokuthi indlela yokulungisa i-stroke ecindezelayo: lapho isilawuli ne-servomotor piston zisendaweni evalwe ngokugcwele, khipha izikulufu ezikhawulelwe ku-servomotor ngayinye ngaphandle kunani lokucindezela elidingekayo. Leli nani lingalawulwa ngenani lokuphenduka kwephimbo.
16. Yiziphi izimbangela ezintathu eziyinhloko zokudlidliza kweyunithi ye-hydraulic?
A: (I) ukudlidliza okubangelwa izizathu zemishini: 1. Ukungalingani kwe-rotor mass. 2. I-eksisi yeyunithi ayilungile. 3. Ukuthwala amaphutha. (2) Ukudlidliza okubangelwa izizathu zamanzi: 1. Umthelela wokugeleza endaweni yokungena yomgijimi obangelwa ukuphambukisa okungalingani kwe-volute ne-guide vane. 2. Isitimela sikaCarmen vortex. 3. I-Cavity cavitation. 4. Indiza yegebe. 5. Ukushaya kwengcindezi yendandatho
(3) Ukudlidliza okubangelwa izici ze-electromagnetic: 1. Isekhethi emfishane ejikajikayo yerotha. 2) igebe lomoya elingalingani.
17. Incazelo emfushane: (1) ukungalingani okumile kanye nokungalingani okuguquguqukayo?
Impendulo: ukungalingani kwe-static: njengoba i-rotor ye-hydraulic turbine ayikho ku-axis yokujikeleza, lapho i-rotor isesimweni esimile, i-rotor ayikwazi ukuhlala izinzile kunoma yisiphi isikhundla. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi ukungalingani kwe-static.
Ukungalingani kwe-Dynamic: ibhekisela kwinto yokudlidliza ebangelwa isimo esingavamile noma ukuminyana okungalingani kwezingxenye ezijikelezayo ze-hydraulic turbine phakathi nokusebenza.
18. Incazelo emfushane: (2) injongo yokuhlolwa kwebhalansi emile yomgijimi we-turbine?
Impendulo: kuyadingeka ukunciphisa i-eccentricity yesikhungo sokudonsela phansi komgijimi ebangeni elivumelekile, ukuze kugwenywe ukuba khona kwe-eccentricity yesikhungo sokudonsela phansi komgijimi; amandla amaphakathi eyunithi azobangela ukuguga kwe-eccentric shaft eyinhloko ngesikhathi sokusebenza, akhulise ukushwibeka komhlahlandlela we-hydraulic, noma abangele ukudlidliza kwe-turbine phakathi nokusebenza, futhi kulimaze izingxenye zeyunithi futhi axegise amabhawodi okusetshenzwa kulengwa, okuholela ezingozini ezinkulu.18. Indlela yokwenza isilinda sangaphandle Ukulinganisa ukuzungeza komhlaba?
Impendulo: inkomba yokudayela ifakwe engalweni eqondile yokusekela, futhi induku yayo yokulinganisa ixhumene ne-cylindrical surface elinganiselwe. Uma usekelo luzungeza i-eksisi, inani elifundwayo kusibonisi sokudayela libonisa ukuzungeza kwendawo elinganisiwe.
19. Yazi ukwakheka kwe-micrometer engaphakathi futhi uchaze indlela yokusebenzisa indlela yesekethe kagesi ukukala izingxenye zomumo nendawo emaphakathi?
Impendulo: thatha ichibi lesibili lendandatho yokuhlala njengebhentshimakhi, qala uqondanise umugqa wepiyano, thatha lo mugqa wepiyano njengophawu lokuma, bese usebenzisa i-micrometer yangaphakathi ukuze wenze isekethe kagesi phakathi kwezingxenye zendandatho nomugqa wepiyano, lungisa ubude be-micrometer yangaphakathi bese udweba ngomugqa wepiyano, phansi, kwesokunxele nakwesokudla Ngokusho komsindo, ingahlulela ukuthi ingxenye engaphakathi futhi ikale umugqa wepiyano ingaphakathi naphakathi nendawo.
20. Inqubo yokufaka jikelele ye-Francis turbine?
Impendulo: ukufakwa komugqa wangaphakathi weshubhu esalungiswa → ukuthela ukhonkolo eduze kweshubhu elisalungiswa, indandatho yokuhlala kanye nebhokisi lebhokisi elivunguzayo → ukuhlanza nokuhlanganiswa kwendandatho yokuhlala nendandatho yesisekelo nokufakwa kwepayipi eliyindilinga lendandatho yokuhlala nendandatho yesisekelo → ukhonkolo webhawodi lesisekelo lendandatho yokuhlala → ukuhlanganiswa kwekesi elivunguzayo lesigaba esisodwa → ukufakwa nokushiselwa kwekesi elivunguzayo → ukufakwa kwepayipi eliwugqinsi lokuthululela ukhonkolo → ukufakwa kwepayipi lepayipi lokuthulula ngezansi phansi → ukuhlolwa kabusha kokuphakama kwendandatho yokuhlala kanye nezinga kanye nesikhungo se-hydraulic turbine centre Qinisekisa → ukuhlanzwa nokuhlanganisa indandatho yokumisa ukuvuza okungaguquki ephansi → ukuma kwendandatho yokumisa evuzayo engaguquki ephansi → ukuhlanzwa nokuhlanganiswa kwekhava ephezulu nendandatho yokuhlala → ukuhlanganiswa kwangaphambili kwendlela yokuqondisa amanzi → ukuxhuma phakathi kweshafu eyinhloko nomgijimi → ukuphakamisa nokufakwa kwengxenye ezungezayo yamanzi → ukufakwa kwengxenye ejikelezayo yamanzi ukufakwa komhlahlandlela wamanzi → ukufakwa kwezesekeli → ukuhlanza, ukuhlola nokudweba → ukuqaliswa kweyunithi nokugunyazwa.
21. Yiziphi izidingo zobuchwepheshe ezisemqoka zokufakwa komshini wokuqondisa amanzi?
Impendulo: 1) indawo ephakathi kwendandatho engezansi nekhava yangaphezulu izoqondana nomugqa omaphakathi oqondile weyunithi; 2) indandatho engezansi kanye nekhava yangaphezulu kufanele kuhambisane, imigqa ebhalwe u-X kanye no-Y kuzo kufanele ihambisane nemigqa ebhalwe u-X kanye no-Y yeyunithi, futhi imigodi yokuthwala engaphezulu nangaphansi ye-vane ngayinye yomhlahlandlela izoba yi-coaxial; 3) ukuphela kwemvume ye-vane yomhlahlandlela kanye nokuqina ngesikhathi sokuvala kuzohlangabezana nezidingo; 4) umsebenzi wengxenye yokuhambisa i-vane transmission izoguquguquka futhi ithembeke.
22. Indlela yokuxhuma umgijimi nge-shaft eyinhloko?
Impendulo: qala ngokuxhuma i-shaft eyinhloko nesembozo somgijimi, bese uxhuma nomzimba womgijimi ndawonye, noma uqale ngokuxhuma ibhawodi lokuxhuma embotsheni yesikulufu sekhava yomgijimi ngokwenombolo, futhi uvimbele ingxenye engezansi nge-steel plate. Ngemuva kokuthi ukuhlolwa kokuvuza kokuvala sekufanelekile, xhuma i-shaft eyinhloko nesembozo somgijimi.
23. Indlela yokuguqula isisindo se-rotor?
Impendulo: ukuguqulwa kwe-lock nut brake kulula. Uma nje i-rotor igxiliwe ngokucindezela kwamafutha, i-nati yokukhiya ivuliwe, bese i-rotor iphinde yehliswa, isisindo sayo sizoguqulwa sibe yi-thrust bear.
24. Iyini inhloso yokuqaliswa nokusebenza kwesivivinyo kweyunithi yokuphehla ugesi wamanzi?
Impendulo:
1) hlola ukuthi ikhwalithi yokwakha, ukukhiqizwa kanye nekhwalithi yokufaka yobunjiniyela bomphakathi iyahlangabezana yini nezidingo zedizayini kanye nemithethonqubo efanele kanye nokucaciswayo.
I-2) Ngokuhlola ngaphambi nangemva kokusebenza kwecala, umsebenzi olahlekile noma ongaqediwe kanye namaphutha ephrojekthi kanye nemishini ingatholakala ngesikhathi.
3) Ngokuqalisa nokusebenza kokuhlola, qonda ukufakwa kwezakhiwo ezisebenza ngaphansi kwamanzi kanye nemishini kagesi, ukwazi ukusebenza kahle kwemishini kagesi, ukukala idatha ethile edingekayo yobuchwepheshe esebenzayo, futhi urekhode amanye amajika ezimpawu zemishini njengenye yesisekelo esiyisisekelo sokusebenza okusemthethweni, ukuze kulungiselelwe imininingwane yobuchwepheshe edingekayo yokulungiselela imithetho yokusebenza kwesikhungo sikagesi.
4) Kwamanye amaphrojekthi kagesi wamanzi, ukuhlolwa kwesici sokusebenza kahle kweyunithi ye-generator ye-turbine yamanzi nakho kuyenziwa. Ukuqinisekisa inani lesiqinisekiso sokusebenza kahle komkhiqizi nokuhlinzeka ngedatha yokusebenza kwezomnotho kwesikhungo sikagesi.
25. Iyini inhloso yokuhlolwa kwesivinini esiphezulu seyunithi?
Impendulo: 1) hlola ikhwalithi yokulawula yedivayisi yokulawula ezenzakalelayo yeyunithi; 2) Qonda indawo yokudlidliza yeyunithi engaphansi komthwalo; 3) Hlola futhi uqinisekise inani eliphezulu lokukhuphuka kweyunithi yedatha elawulayo, inani eliphakeme lokuphakama kokucindezela phambi kwevane yomhlahlandlela kanye ne-coefficient yokulungisa umehluko wombusi; 4) Qonda umthetho woshintsho wezimpawu zangaphakathi ze-hydraulic kanye nemishini yeyunithi kanye nomthelela wayo emsebenzini weyunithi, ukuze unikeze idatha edingekayo yokusebenza okuphephile kweyunithi; 5) Khomba ukuzinza nokunye ukusebenza kombusi.
26. Indlela yokuhlola ibhalansi emile ye-hydraulic turbine?
Impendulo: beka ama-gauge amaleveli amabili kuma-biliktha angu-X kanye no-Y eringini engezansi yomgijimi; Beka isisindo sebhalansi esinesisindo esifanayo nezinga elilinganayo ku-bisector - X kanye - y (isisindo saso singabalwa ngokufundwa kwezinga); Ngokwezinga lezinga, beka isisindo sebhalansi ohlangothini olukhanyayo kuze kube yilapho ibhamuza lezinga liphakathi, bese ubhala phansi usayizi P kanye ne-azimuth yesisindo sokugcina sebhalansi α.
27. Ungalikhipha kanjani i-thrust head ngesikhathi sokulungiswa?
Impendulo: susa isikulufu sokuxhuma phakathi kwe-thrust head kanye nepuleti lesibuko, ilengisa i-thrust head kumsele omkhulu ngentambo yensimbi bese uyiqinisa kancane. Phakamisa iphampu kawoyela, gxuma i-rotor, engeza amaphedi e-aluminium amane phakathi kwe-thrust head kanye nepuleti lesibuko endaweni eyi-90 degree, khipha uwoyela bese uwisa i-rotor. Ngale ndlela, i-shaft eyinhloko yehla nge-rotor, futhi inhloko ye-thrust ibanjwe yi-pad futhi ikhishwe kude. Phinda izikhathi eziningana, lawula ukujiya komcamelo phakathi kuka-6-10mm isikhathi ngasinye, futhi kancane kancane ukhiphe inhloko yokuphonsela kuze kube yilapho ikhishwa ngehuku enkulu. Ngemva kokukhipha izikhathi eziningana, ukubambisana phakathi kwekhanda lokuphonswa kanye ne-main shaft kuyaxega, futhi i-thrust head ingakhishwa ngokuqondile nge-crane. 28. Bheka ithebula elilandelayo ukuze uthole irekhodi eliguqukayo le-1# turbine (iyunithi: 0.01mm):
Bala ukushwibeka okugcwele kanye nokushwibeka kwenetha kwegayidi ye-hydraulic, inkomba engezansi negayidi ephezulu, bese uqedela ithebula elingenhla.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-21-2021
