1. Ndi mitundu isanu ndi umodzi yotani ya zinthu zowongolera ndi zosintha pakuyika makina? Kodi mungamvetse bwanji kupatuka kovomerezeka kwa kukhazikitsa zida za electromechanical?
Yankho: chinthu: 1) ndege yathyathyathya, yopingasa komanso yowongoka. 2) Kuzungulira, malo apakati ndi digiri yapakati ya cylindrical surface palokha. 3) Malo osalala, opingasa, ofukula ndi apakati a shaft. 4) Mayendedwe a gawo pa ndege yopingasa. 5) Kukwera (kukwera) kwa magawo. 6) chilolezo pakati pa nkhope, etc.
Kuti mudziwe kupatuka kovomerezeka kwa kukhazikitsa zida za electromechanical, kudalirika kwa ntchito ya unit ndi kuphweka kwa kukhazikitsa kuyenera kuganiziridwa. Ngati kupatukana kovomerezeka kwa kukhazikitsa kuli kochepa kwambiri, ntchito yokonza ndi kusintha idzakhala yovuta ndipo nthawi yokonza ndi yokonza idzatalikitsidwa; Ngati chololeka unsembe kupatuka ndi lalikulu kwambiri, izo kuchepetsa unsembe kulondola ndi ntchito chitetezo ndi kudalirika wa calibration wagawo, ndi zimakhudza mwachindunji m'badwo mphamvu yachibadwa.
2. Chifukwa chiyani cholakwika cha mulingo wa sikweya chitha kuthetsedwa potembenuza muyeso?
Yankho: tiyerekeze kuti mapeto amodzi a mulingo ndi a ndipo mapeto ena ndi B, ndipo kulakwitsa kwake kumapangitsa kuti thovulo lisunthike kumapeto (kumanzere) ndi M. poyezera mulingo wa zigawo ndi mulingo uwu, cholakwika chake chomwe chimapangitsa kuti kuwirako kupite kumapeto (kumanzere) ndi M. pambuyo potembenuka, cholakwika chake chomwe chimapangitsa kuwirako kumasunthira mbali yakumanja kwa ma cell omwewo (kumanzere) komwe kumapita mbali yakumanja kwa ma cell. ndi - m, ndiyeno gwiritsani ntchito chilinganizo δ= Powerengera (a1 + A2) / 2 * c * D, chiwerengero cha maselo osunthika ndi kuwira chifukwa cha zolakwika zake zimathetsa wina ndi mzake, zomwe ziribe mphamvu pa chiwerengero cha maselo osunthika ndi kuwira chifukwa cha kusalingana kwa zigawozo, kotero kuti zotsatira za cholakwika cha chida pamiyeso zimachotsedwa.
3. Fotokozani mwachidule za kukonza ndi kusintha zinthu ndi njira kukhazikitsa draft chubu liner?
Yankho njira: choyamba, lembani malo a X, – x, y, – Y olamulira pa chapamwamba kutsegula akalowa. Ikani chimango chapakati chokwera pamalo pomwe konkire mu dzenje la makina ndi yayikulu kuposa mtunda wa bwalo lakunja kwa mphete yokhazikika, sunthani mzere wapakati ndi kukwera kwa gawolo kupita kumalo okwera, ndikupachika mizere ya piyano mu x-axis ndi y-axis pa ndege yopingasa yopingasa ya chimango chapakati ndi X ndi y-axis. Pali kusiyana kwina kwa kutalika pakati pa mizere iwiri ya piyano, Malo okwera atakhazikitsidwa ndikuyankhidwanso, lining Center liyezedwa ndikusinthidwa. Mangilirani nyundo zinayi zolemera pamalo pomwe mzere wa piyano umayenderana ndi chilemba cha pachitoliro chomwe chili pa mzera wake, sinthani jack ndi machira kuti agwirizane nsonga ya nyundo yolemera ndi chilemba chomwe chili pamwamba pa chitolirocho. Panthawiyi, pakati pa chitoliro cha chitoliro pazitsulo chimagwirizana ndi pakati pa unit. Yezerani mtunda kuchokera pamalo otsikitsitsa a chitoliro chapamwamba mpaka pamzere wa piyano ndi chowongolera chachitsulo. Chotsani mtunda kuchokera pamalo okwera a mzere wa piyano kuti ukhale kukwezeka kwenikweni kwa chitoliro chakumtunda kwa chiwombankhanga, ndiyeno sinthani kudzera pa zomangira kapena mbale za wedge kuti mukweze kansaluyo mkati mwa mpata wololedwa wopatuka.
4. Kodi mungasonkhanitse bwanji ndikuyika mphete yapansi ndi chivundikiro chapamwamba?
Yankho: choyamba kwezani mphete yapansi pa ndege yapansi ya mphete yotsalira, sinthani pakati pa mphete yapansi ndi mbale yamphepete molingana ndi kusiyana pakati pa mphete yapansi ndi dziwe lachiwiri pakamwa pa mphete yotsalira, ndiyeno mukweze theka la chiwongoladzanja choyenda bwino molingana ndi chiwerengero kuti muwonetsetse kuti chiwongolerocho chikhoza kuzungulira mozungulira, ndikukweza m'mimba mwake, kukweza pamwamba pake ndi kuphimba ndi manja. Tengani pakati pa mphete yotayirira yokhazikika ngati benchmark, tambani mzere wapakati wa turbine yamadzi, yesani pakati ndi kuzungulira kwa mphete yotayirira yamtunda, ndikusintha malo apakati a chivundikiro chapamwamba kuti kusiyana pakati pa utali uliwonse ndi pafupifupi kusapitirire ± 10% ya chilolezo cha kapangidwe ka mphete yotayikira. Pambuyo kusintha pamwamba chivundikiro anamaliza, kumangitsa ophatikizana mabawuti a pamwamba chivundikirocho ndi kukhala mphete. Kenako yesani ndikusintha coaxiality ya mphete yapansi ndi chivundikiro chapamwamba. Pomaliza, ingosinthani mphete yapansi potengera chivundikiro chapamwamba. Dulani kusiyana pakati pa mphete ya pansi ndi pakamwa pa dziwe lachitatu la mphete yotsalira ndi mbale yotsalira, sinthani kayendedwe kake ka mphete yapansi, sinthani kayendedwe ka axial ndi ma jacks anayi, yesani kusiyana pakati pa nkhope zakumwamba ndi zapansi za chiwombankhanga kuti △ chokulirapo ≈ △ chocheperako, ndi kuyeza kusiyana pakati pa chitsamba chololera ndi cholembera chololeza kuti chikhale chosavuta. Kenako boworani mabowo pachivundikiro chapamwamba ndi mphete yapansi molingana ndi chojambulacho, ndipo chivundikiro chapamwamba ndi mphete yapansi zimasonkhanitsidwa.
5. Kodi mungayanitse bwanji gawo lozungulira la turbine pambuyo pokwezedwa mu dzenje la turbine?
Yankho: sinthani malo apakati kaye, sinthani kusiyana pakati pa mphete yoyimitsa yozungulira yotsika ndi pakamwa lachinayi la dziwe la mphete yokhalamo, kwezani mphete yotsekeka yotsika, yendetsani pini, sungani bawuti yophatikizira mofananira, yesani kusiyana pakati pa mphete yozungulira yozungulira yotsika ndi kutsika kocheperako kotayirira kotayirira, kutengera chowongolera chowongolera ndi chowongolera chowongolera ndi chowongolera chowongolera. kuyeza kusiyana, ndikuwunika kusintha ndi chizindikiro choyimba. Kenako sinthani mulingo, ikani mulingo pamalo anayi x, - x, y ndi - Y pa flange pamwamba pa shaft yayikulu ya turbine, ndiyeno sinthani mbale ya wedge pansi pa wothamanga kuti apatuke mopingasa pamwamba pa flange mkati mwazovomerezeka.
6. Fotokozani njira yokhazikitsira wamba pambuyo pokwezera koloko pagawo loyimitsidwa la jenereta ya hydro?
Yankho: 1) kuthira maziko gawo II konkire; 2) Chapamwamba chimango hoisting; 3) Kuyika kwa thrust bear; 4) Kusintha kwa olamulira a jenereta; 5) kugwirizana kwa spindle 6) kusintha kwa olamulira ambiri a unit; 7) Kukakamiza kusintha kwa thrust pad; 8) Konzani pakati pa gawo lozungulira; 9) Ikani kalozera wonyamula; 10) Ikani exciter ndi makina okhazikika maginito; 11) Ikani zowonjezera zina;
7. Njira yoyika ndi masitepe a nsapato zowongolera madzi akufotokozedwa.
Yankho: njira yoyika 1) sinthani malo oyikapo molingana ndi chilolezo chomwe chafotokozedwa pamapangidwe a kalozera wamadzi, kugwedezeka kwa axis unit ndi malo a shaft yayikulu; 2) Ikani nsapato zowongolera madzi molingana ndi kapangidwe kake; 3) Pambuyo pozindikira chilolezo chosinthidwa, sinthani ndi jack kapena mphero mbale;
8. Kuopsa ndi chithandizo cha shaft panopa akufotokozedwa mwachidule.
A: kuvulaza: chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa shaft panopa, kukokoloka kwazing'ono kumapangidwa pakati pa magazini ndi chitsamba chobereka, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti alloy alowe pang'onopang'ono kumamatira m'magazini, kumawononga ntchito yabwino ya chitsamba chonyamula, kumayambitsa kutenthedwa kwazitsulo, komanso kusungunula alloy; Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha nthawi yayitali ya electrolysis yapano, mafuta opaka mafuta amawonongeka, akuda, amachepetsa magwiridwe antchito ndikuwonjezera kutentha. Chithandizo: Pofuna kupewa kukokoloka kwa shaft pakali pano pa chitsamba chobala, kunyamula kuyenera kupatulidwa ndi maziko ndi kutchinjiriza kuti mudulire dera lomwe lilipo. Nthawi zambiri, zomangira za mbali ya exciter (zolowera ndi zowongolera), cholandirira mafuta ndi chingwe cha waya wowongolera zizikhala zotsekeredwa, ndipo zomangira zothandizira ndi zikhomo zizikhala ndi manja otsekereza. Insulation yonse iyenera kuumitsidwa pasadakhale. Pambuyo poyikapo, kutsekemera kwazitsulo pansi kumayang'aniridwa ndi 500V megger ndipo sikuyenera kukhala pansi pa 0.5 megohm.
9. Fotokozani mwachidule cholinga ndi njira yosinthira magawo.
Yankho: Cholinga: popeza kwenikweni galasi mbale mikangano pamwamba sadzakhala mwamtheradi perpendicular kwa olamulira unit, ndi olamulira palokha si abwino molunjika, pamene wagawo azungulira, wagawo pakati mzere adzapatuka pa mzere pakati, ndi olamulira adzayesedwa ndi kusinthidwa ndi kutembenuka ndi oyimba chizindikiro, kuti kupenda chifukwa, kukula ndi kulunjika kwa ozungulira. The non perpendicularity pakati pa mikangano pamwamba mbale galasi ndi olamulira, ndi flange kuphatikiza pamwamba ndi olamulira akhoza kukonzedwa ndi kukanda zogwirizana osakaniza pamwamba, ndi kugwedezeka akhoza kuchepetsedwa kukhala osiyanasiyana chololeka.
Njira:
1) kutembenuka kwamakina, komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi chingwe chachitsulo chachitsulo ndi pulley ndi crane ya mlatho mu chomera ngati mphamvu.
2) Kuthamanga kwachindunji kumalowetsedwa mu stator ndi rotor windings kuti apange electromagnetic mphamvu yokoka njira - magetsi otembenuza magetsi 3) kwa mayunitsi ang'onoang'ono, makina otembenuza makina amatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuyendetsa galimotoyo kuti azitha kuzungulira pang'onopang'ono - 10. Fotokozani mwachidule ndondomeko yokonza makina osindikizira amadzi odzipangira okha ndi chophimba cha mpweya ndi nkhope yomaliza.
Yankho: 1) lembani malo a gawo lowonongeka pamtengowo, chotsani gawo lomwe lawonongeka ndikuyang'ana kuvala kwa mbale yachitsulo yonyezimira. Ngati pali burr kapena groove yozama, imatha kupukutidwa ndi mwala wamafuta mozungulira mozungulira. Ngati pali groove yakuya kapena kavalidwe kowoneka bwino kapena kavalidwe, iyenera kusinthidwa.
2) Chotsani mbale yosindikizira, lembani mndandanda wa midadada ya nayiloni, chotsani midadada ya nayiloni ndikuyang'ana kuvala. Ngati chithandizo chikufunika, zonse ziyenera kupanikizidwa ndi mbale zosindikizira ndikuzipanga pamodzi, ndiye kuti zizindikiro zokonzekera zidzasungidwa ndi fayilo, ndipo pamwamba pazitsulo za nayiloni ziyenera kufufuzidwa ndi nsanja. Zotsatira pambuyo pokanda zimakwaniritsa zofunikira
3) Phatikizani chosindikizira chapamwamba chosindikizira ndikuwona ngati mphira wozungulira wavala. Ngati zatha, sinthani ndi zatsopano. 4) Chotsani kasupe, chotsani matope ndi dzimbiri, ndipo yang'anani kupanikizika kwapang'onopang'ono. Ngati pulasitiki deformation ikuchitika, m'malo mwake ndi yatsopano
5) Chotsani chitoliro cha mpweya wolowetsa mpweya ndi cholumikizira cha mpweya, sungunulani chivundikiro chosindikizira, chotsani chophimbacho, ndikuyang'ana kuvala kwa nsalu. Ngati pali zovala zapanyumba kapena zotayikira, zitha kuthandizidwa ndi kukonza kotentha.
6) Chotsani pini yopezera ndikuchotsa mphete yapakatikati. Chotsani zigawo zonse musanayike.
11. Ndi njira ziti zozindikirira kusokoneza koyenera kulumikizana? Ubwino wa njira ya manja otentha ndi iti?
Yankho: pali njira ziwiri: 1) akanikizire mu njira; 2) Njira yotentha ya manja; Ubwino: 1) imatha kuyikidwa popanda kukakamiza; 2) Pamsonkhano, nsonga zotuluka pamtunda sizimapukutidwa ndi mikangano ya axial, yomwe imathandizira kwambiri kulimba kwa kulumikizana;
12. Fotokozani mwachidule za kukonza ndi kusintha zinthu ndi njira zokhazikitsira mphete yokhazikika?
A: (1) kukonza ndi kusintha zinthu monga: (a) pakati; (b) Kukwezeka; (c) Mlingo
(2) Njira yowongolera ndikusintha:
(a) Muyezo wapakati ndi kusintha: mphete yotsalirayo itatha kukwezedwa ndikuyikidwa mokhazikika, tambani mzere wa piyano wa unit, kupachika nyundo zinayi zolemetsa pamzere wa piyano zomwe zimakoka pamwamba pa zizindikiro za X, - x, y, - Y pa mphete yokhala ndi flange pamwamba, ndikuwona ngati nsonga ya nyundo yolemera ikugwirizana ndi chizindikiro chapakati; Ngati sichoncho, sinthani malo a mphete yokhala ndi zida zonyamulira kuti ikhale yosasinthasintha.
(b) Muyezo wa kukwera ndi kusintha: kuyeza mtunda kuchokera pa flange pamwamba pa mphete yokhazikika mpaka pamtanda wa piyano ndi chowongolera chachitsulo. Ngati sichikukwaniritsa zofunikira, ikhoza kusinthidwa ndi mbale yapansi ya wedge.
(c) Muyezo wopingasa ndi kusintha: gwiritsani ntchito mtengo wopingasa ndi mulingo wa sikweya kuti muyeze pamphepete mwa mphete yokhazikika. Malingana ndi muyeso ndi zotsatira zowerengera, gwiritsani ntchito mbale yomwe ili pansipa kuti musinthe. Pamene mukukonzekera, sungani mabawuti. Ndipo yesani mobwerezabwereza ndikusintha mpaka kulimba kwa bawuti kuli kofanana ndipo mulingo ukukwaniritsa zofunikira.
13. Kodi kudziwa pakati pa Francis turbine?
Yankho: pakatikati pa turbine ya Francis nthawi zambiri amatsimikiziridwa kutengera kukwera kwa dziwe lachiwiri pakamwa pa mphete yotsalira. Choyamba gawani yachiwiri dziwe pakamwa pa mphete kukhala mu 8-16 mfundo mozungulira circumference, ndiye popachika mzere limba pa ndege chapamwamba mphete kukhala kapena ndege maziko a chimango m'munsi mwa jenereta ngati n'koyenera, kuyeza mtunda pakati pa dziwe lachiwiri pakamwa pa mphete kukhala ndi zinayi symmetrical mfundo za X ndi Y nkhwangwa pakati pa zitsulo zozungulira tepiyo kusiyana pakati pa chitsulo chozungulira tepiyasi. symmetrical mfundo ziwiri mkati 5mm, ndi poyambirira kusintha udindo wa limba mzere, Kenako, gwirizanitsani mzere limba molingana ndi mphete mbali ndi pakati muyeso njira kuti kudutsa pakati pa dziwe lachiwiri pakamwa. Malo osinthidwa ndi malo oyikapo ma hydraulic turbine.
14. Fotokozani mwachidule ntchito ya kukankhira mphamvu? Kodi mitundu itatu ya thrust bearing structure ndi iti? Kodi zigawo zikuluzikulu za thrust bearing ndi ziti?
Yankho: ntchito: kunyamula mphamvu ya axial ya unit ndi kulemera kwa magawo onse ozungulira. Classification: rigid strust thrust bearing, balance weight thrust bearing ndi hydraulic column thrust bearing. Zigawo zazikulu: thrust head, thrust pad, galasi mbale, snap mphete.
15. Lingaliro ndi njira yosinthira ya kukanikiza sitiroko ikufotokozedwa mwachidule.
A: Lingaliro: kukanikiza sitiroko ndi kusintha sitiroko wa servomotor kuti kalozera vane akadali ndi sitiroko malire a millimeters angapo (potseka njira) atatsekedwa. Mphepete mwa sitiroko iyi imatchedwa njira yosinthira sitiroko: chowongolera ndi pistoni ya servomotor ikatsekeka, chotsani zomangira zomangira pa servomotor iliyonse panja kupita kumtengo wofunikira. Mtengo uwu ukhoza kuwongoleredwa ndi kuchuluka kwa kutembenuka kwa phula.
16. Kodi zifukwa zazikulu zitatu za hydraulic unit vibration ndi ziti?
A: (I) kugwedezeka chifukwa cha zifukwa zamakina: 1. Kusalinganika kwa ma rotor. 2. Mzere wa unit siwolondola. 3. Kukhala ndi zilema. (2) Kugwedezeka chifukwa cha zifukwa za hydraulic: 1. Kuthamanga kwa mpweya wothamanga chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kosiyana kwa volute ndi guide vane. 2. Sitima yapamtunda ya Carmen vortex. 3. Cavity cavitation. 4. Gap jet. 5. Kusindikiza mphete kuthamanga pulsation
(3) Kugwedezeka chifukwa cha ma elekitiromagineti zinthu: 1. Mayendedwe a rotor lalifupi. 2) kusiyana kwa mpweya.
17. Kufotokozera mwachidule: (1) kusalinganika kosasunthika ndi kusalinganika kwamphamvu?
Yankho: kusalinganika kosasunthika: popeza rotor ya hydraulic turbine siili pamtunda wozungulira, pamene rotor ili mu chikhalidwe chokhazikika, chozungulira sichingakhale chokhazikika pa malo aliwonse. Chodabwitsa ichi chimatchedwa static kusalinganika.
Kusalinganika kwamphamvu: kumatanthauza kugwedezeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe osakhazikika kapena kusalimba kwa magawo ozungulira a hydraulic turbine panthawi yogwira ntchito.
18. Kufotokozera mwachidule: (2) cholinga choyesa static balance ya turbine runner?
Yankho: ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kukhazikika kwapakati pa mphamvu yokoka ya wothamanga kupita kumalo ovomerezeka, kuti mupewe kukhalapo kwapakati pakatikati pa mphamvu yokoka ya wothamanga; mphamvu ya centrifugal ya unit idzapangitsa kuvala kwa tsinde lalikulu pakugwira ntchito, kuonjezera kugwedezeka kwa kalozera wa hydraulic, kapena kuyambitsa kugwedezeka kwa turbine panthawi ya ntchito, ndipo ngakhale kuwononga zigawo za unit ndikumasula mabawuti a nangula, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ngozi zazikulu.18. Momwe mungapangire silinda yakunja Kuyeza kuzungulira kwa pamwamba?
Yankho: chizindikiro choyimba chimayikidwa pa mkono wowongoka wa chithandizo, ndipo ndodo yake yoyezera imalumikizana ndi cylindrical yoyezera pamwamba. Thandizo likamazungulira mozungulira, mtengo wowerengedwa kuchokera ku chizindikiro choyimba umasonyeza kuzungulira kwa malo oyezera.
19. Dziwani bwino za kapangidwe ka micrometer yamkati ndikufotokozera momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito njira yozungulira magetsi kuti muyeze magawo a mawonekedwe ndi malo apakati?
Yankho: tengani dziwe lachiwiri la mphete yokhala ngati benchmark, choyamba gwirizanitsani limba, tenga mzere wa piyano ngati benchmark, ndiyeno gwiritsani ntchito micrometer yamkati kupanga dera lamagetsi pakati pa mbali za mphete ndi mzere wa piyano, sinthani kutalika kwa micrometer yamkati ndikujambula mzere wa piyano, pansi, kumanzere ndi kumanja Malingana ndi phokosolo, likhoza kuweruza ngati mzere wapakati ndi micrometer ukhoza kukhudzana ndi mzere wamkati ndi malo.
20. Njira yoyika zonse ya turbine ya Francis?
Yankho: kuyika liner wamkati wa chubu cholembera → kuthira konkriti mozungulira chubu, mphete yokhala ndi zozungulira zozungulira → kuyeretsa ndi kuphatikiza mphete yokhala ndi mphete ya maziko ndikuyika chitoliro chokhazikika cha mphete yokhala ndi mphete ya maziko → maziko a konkire ya phazi kukhala mphete → msonkhano wa gawo limodzi lozungulira → kuyika ndi kuwotcherera kwa konkriti yozungulira → kuyika kwa chitoliro chokwiriridwa pansi → kuyika konkriti wotsekera m'munsi pansi → kubwereza kwa kukwera kwa mphete yokhazikika ndi mulingo ndi hydraulic turbine center Tsimikizirani → kuyeretsa ndi kuyika mphete yoyimitsa yotsika yotsika → kuyika mphete yoyimitsa yotsitsa yotsika → kuyeretsa ndi kuyika chivundikiro chapamwamba ndi mphete yokhazikika → kusanganikirana kwa makina owongolera madzi → kulumikizana pakati pa shaft yayikulu ndi wothamanga → kukweza ndi kuyika kozungulira → chiwongolero chamadzi ozungulira → chiwongolero chamadzi ozungulira kukhazikitsa kalozera wamadzi → kukhazikitsa zowonjezera → kuyeretsa, kuyang'anira ndi kupenta → kuyambitsa kwagawo ndi kutumiza.
21. Kodi zofunikira zaukadaulo zoyika makina owongolera madzi ndi chiyani?
Yankho: 1) pakati pa mphete yapansi ndi chivundikiro chapamwamba chidzagwirizana ndi mzere wapakati wa unit; 2) mphete yapansi ndi chivundikiro chapamwamba chidzakhala chofanana kwa wina ndi mzake, X ndi Y mizere yolembedwa pa iwo idzakhala yogwirizana ndi X ndi Y mizere yolembedwa ya unit, ndipo mabowo apamwamba ndi apansi a chiwongolero chilichonse adzakhala coaxial; 3) mapeto a chilolezo cha chowongolera vane ndi zomangika pa kutseka adzakwaniritsa zofunika; 4) ntchito ya kalozera vane kufala gawo adzakhala kusintha ndi odalirika.
22. Momwe mungalumikizire wothamanga ndi tsinde lalikulu?
Yankho: choyamba gwirizanitsani tsinde lalikulu ndi chivundikiro chothamanga, ndiyeno gwirizanitsani ndi thupi lothamanga palimodzi, kapena choyamba sungani bolt yolumikizira mu dzenje la chivundikiro chothamanga molingana ndi chiwerengero, ndikuletsa gawo lapansi ndi mbale yachitsulo. Pambuyo poyezetsa kutayikira kosindikizira, gwirizanitsani shaft yayikulu ndi chivundikiro chothamanga.
23. Momwe mungasinthire kulemera kwa rotor?
Yankho: kutembenuka kwa loko nati brake ndikosavuta. Malingana ngati rotor ikugwedezeka ndi kupanikizika kwa mafuta, mtedza wa loko umachotsedwa, ndiyeno rotor imagwetsedwa kachiwiri, kulemera kwake kudzatembenuzidwa kuti ikhale yonyamula.
24. Kodi cholinga cha kuyambitsa ndi kuyesa kuyesa kwa turbine jenereta ya madzi ndi chiyani?
Yankho:
1) fufuzani ngati mtundu wa zomangamanga, kupanga ndi kuyika kwa uinjiniya wamagulu akukwaniritsa zofunikira zamapangidwe ndi malamulo ndi zofunikira.
2) Kupyolera mu kuyang'ana musanayambe ndi pambuyo pa ntchito yoyesera, ntchito yosowa kapena yosamalizidwa ndi zolakwika za polojekiti ndi zipangizo zingapezeke panthawi.
3) Kupyolera mu ntchito yoyambira ndi kuyesa, kumvetsetsa kuyika kwa ma hydraulic ma hydraulic ndi zida zamagetsi, kudziwa bwino magwiridwe antchito a zida za electromechanical, kuyeza zofunikira zaukadaulo zomwe zikugwira ntchito, ndikulemba zida zina zokhotakhota ngati imodzi mwazofunikira zogwirira ntchito, kuti akonzekeretse zofunikira zaukadaulo pokonzekera malamulo ogwirira ntchito pamalo opangira magetsi.
4) M'ma projekiti ena a hydropower, kuyezetsa koyenera kwa ma turbine jenereta amadzi kumachitikanso. Kutsimikizira kufunikira kwa chitsimikizo cha wopanga ndikupereka deta yogwiritsira ntchito chuma chamagetsi.
25. Kodi cholinga cha mayeso othamanga kwambiri pagawo ndi chiyani?
Yankho: 1) yang'anani malamulo khalidwe la zodziwikiratu kulamulira excitation chipangizo wa unit; 2) Kumvetsetsa dera logwedezeka la unit pansi pa katundu; 3) Yang'anani ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kukwera kwakukulu kwa gawo loyendetsa deta, kuthamanga kwapamwamba kwapamwamba kutsogolo kwa chiwongolero chowongolera ndi kusintha kosiyana kwa kazembe; 4) Kumvetsetsa lamulo losintha la mawonekedwe amkati a hydraulic ndi makina a unit ndi momwe zimakhudzira ntchito ya unit, kuti apereke deta yofunikira pakugwira bwino ntchito kwa unit; 5) Dziwani kukhazikika ndi magwiridwe antchito ena a kazembe.
26. Momwe mungayesere zoyeserera za hydraulic turbine?
Yankho: ikani milingo iwiri yoyezera pa X ndi Y bisectors ya mphete yapansi ya wothamanga; Ikani kulemera koyenera ndi kulemera kofanana ndi msinkhu wa symmetrically pa bisector ya - X ndi - y (kuchuluka kwake kungathe kuwerengedwa molingana ndi kuwerenga kwa msinkhu); Malingana ndi msinkhu wa msinkhu, ikani kulemera kwake kumbali yowala mpaka kuwira kwa msinkhu kumakhala pakati, ndipo lembani kukula kwa P ndi azimuth ya kulemera komaliza α.
27. Kodi kutulutsa mutu kukankhira pa kukonza?
Yankho: chotsani cholumikizira cholumikizira pakati pa mutu wopondereza ndi mbale yagalasi, gwirani mutu wopondereza pa dzenje lalikulu ndi chingwe chachitsulo ndikuchilimbitsa pang'ono. Kwezani mpope wamafuta, ikani chozungulira, onjezerani zotayira zinayi pakati pa mutu wopondereza ndi mbale yagalasi mozungulira ma degree 90, tsitsani mafuta ndikugwetsa chozungulira. Mwanjira iyi, tsinde lalikulu limatsika ndi rotor, ndipo mutu wopondereza umakanizidwa ndi pedi ndikukokera patali. Bwerezani kangapo, wongolera makulidwe a khushoni pakati pa 6-10mm nthawi iliyonse, ndipo pang'onopang'ono mutulutse mutu wopondereza mpaka utakwezedwa ndi mbedza yayikulu. Pambuyo pokoka kangapo, mgwirizano pakati pa mutu wopondereza ndi tsinde lalikulu umakhala womasuka, ndipo mutu woponyera ukhoza kukokedwa mwachindunji ndi crane. 28. Onani tebulo ili pansipa kuti musinthe 1# turbine (gawo: 0.01mm):
Werengerani kugwedezeka kwathunthu ndi kugwedezeka kwa hydraulic guide, kalozera wapansi ndi kalozera wapamwamba, ndipo malizitsani zomwe zili pamwambapa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-21-2021
