Iinkxalabo zokutshintsha kwemozulu zizise ugqaliselo olutsha ekwandeni kwemveliso yombane wamanzi njengento enokubakho endaweni yombane osuka kumafutha efosili. I-Hydropower okwangoku ithatha malunga ne-6% yombane oveliswa e-United States, kwaye ukuveliswa kombane kumbane owenziwe ngamanzi akuvelisi kukhutshwa kwekhabhoni. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko uninzi lwemithombo yombane emikhulu, engaphezulu yemveli sele iphuhlisiwe, ingqiqo yamandla acocekileyo kuphuhliso lwemithombo yombane omncinci kunye nentloko ephantsi yombane wamanzi inokubakho ngoku.
Ukuveliswa kwamandla avela kwimilambo kunye nemijelo akukho mpikiswano, kwaye ukubanakho ukuvelisa amandla kule mithombo kuya kufuneka kulinganiswe ngokuchasene nokusingqongileyo kunye nezinye iinkxalabo zoluntu. Olo lungelelwaniso lunokuxhaswa luphando kubuchwepheshe obutsha kunye nemimiselo yokucinga phambili ekhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kwezi zixhobo ngeendlela ezingabizi kakhulu, ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo eziqaphela ukuba ezo ndawo, xa sele zakhiwe, zinokuhlala ubuncinane iminyaka engama-50.
Uphononongo olunokwenzeka lweLebhu yeSizwe ye-Idaho ngo-2006 thaca uvavanyo lwesakhono sophuhliso lwemithombo yamandla amancinci naphantsi okuvelisa umbane wamanzi eMelika. Malunga nama-5,400 eendawo ezingama-100,000 zaye zamiselwa ukuba zibe namandla eeprojekthi zokuvelisa amanzi amancinci (okt, ukubonelela phakathi kwe-1 kunye ne-30 yeeMegawatts zamandla aphakathi ngonyaka). ISebe lezaMandla lase-US liqikelele ukuba ezi projekthi (ukuba ziphuhlisiwe) zingakhokelela ekonyukeni okungaphezulu kwama-50% kumbane uwonke oveliswa ngamanzi. Amandla ombane anentloko esezantsi aqhele ukubhekisa kwiziza ezinentloko (oko kukuthi, umahluko womphakamo) ongaphantsi kweemitha ezintlanu (malunga neefithi ezili-16).
Amaziko ombane ophuma emfuleni ngokubanzi axhomekeke ekuhambeni kwendalo kwemilambo nemisinga, kwaye ayakwazi ukusebenzisa umthamo omncinci wokuhamba kwamanzi ngaphandle kwesidingo sokwakha amadama amakhulu. Iziseko zoncedo eziyilelwe ukuhambisa amanzi kwimibhobho efana nemisele, imisele yokunkcenkceshela, imijelo yamanzi nemibhobho nazo zinokubotshelelwa ukuvelisa umbane. Iivalvu zokunciphisa uxinzelelo ezisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zonikezelo lwamanzi kunye noshishino ukunciphisa ukwakhiwa koxinzelelo lwamanzi kwivalve okanye ukunciphisa uxinzelelo ukuya kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo lokusetyenziswa ngabathengi benkqubo yamanzi banikezela ngamathuba ongezelelweyo okuvelisa umbane.
Iibhili ezininzi ezisalindelweyo ngoku kwiCongress yokunciphisa utshintsho lwemozulu kunye namandla acocekileyo afuna ukuseka umgangatho wombane ovuselelekayo (okanye umbane) (RES). Okuphambili phakathi kwezi HR 2454, i-American Clean Energy and Security Act ye-2009, kunye ne-S. 1462, i-American Clean Energy Leadership Act ka-2009. Ngaphantsi kweziphakamiso zangoku, i-RES iya kufuna ukuba ababoneleli bombane abathengisayo bafumane iipesenti ezikhulayo zombane ohlaziyiweyo kumandla abawanikezela kubathengi. Nangona amandla ombane athathwa ngokuba ngumthombo ococekileyo wamandla ombane, buchwephesha be-hydrokinetic kuphela (ebuxhomekeke emanzini ahambayo) kunye nosetyenziso olunyiniweyo lwamandla ombane olunokuthi lufanelekele i-RES. Xa kujongwa ulwimi olukhoyo ngoku kumatyala asalindelweyo, akunakwenzeka ukuba uninzi lweeprojekthi zombane oqhutywa ngamanzi aphantsi kwentloko nezincinci zikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno “zombane ofanelekileyo wamanzi” ngaphandle kokuba ezi projekthi zifakelwe kumadama akhoyo angengowombane.
Xa kujongwa ubungakanani obuncinci beeprojekthi xa kuthelekiswa neendleko zophuhliso lwamandla ombane amancinane kunye nasezantsi, amaxabiso enkuthazo yombane oveliswe ngokuhamba kwexesha anokunyusa ukubanakho kweprojekthi esekelwe kwintengiso yombane. Ngaloo ndlela, ngomgaqo-nkqubo wamandla acocekileyo njengomqhubi, inkuthazo karhulumente inokuba luncedo. Uphuhliso olongezelelweyo lwamandla ombane amancinci kunye nangaphantsi kwinqanaba elibanzi luya kuza kuphela njengesiphumo somgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe ojolise ekukhuthazeni iinjongo zamandla acocekileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-05-2021
