ʻO nā hopohopo e pili ana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke aniau i lawe mai i kahi manaʻo hou i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka wai wai e like me ke pani ʻana i ka uila mai nā wahie fossil. ʻO ka hydropower i kēia manawa ma kahi o 6% o ka uila i hana ʻia ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, a ʻo ka hana ʻana o ka uila mai ka hydropower e hoʻopuka maoli ʻole i nā kalapona. Eia nō naʻe, no ka mea, ua hoʻomohala ʻia ka hapa nui o nā kumu waiwai hydroelectric maʻamau, hiki i kēia manawa ke loaʻa kahi kumu kumu ikehu maʻemaʻe no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai wai liʻiliʻi a haʻahaʻa.
ʻO ka hana mana mai nā muliwai a me nā kahawai ʻaʻole ia me ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻole, a ʻo ka hiki ke hana i ka ikehu mai kēia mau kumu e pono e kaulike ʻia me nā pilikia kaiapuni a me nā mea e pili ana i ka lehulehu. Hiki ke kōkua ʻia kēlā koena e ka noiʻi ʻana i nā ʻenehana hou a me nā lula noʻonoʻo mua e paipai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kēia mau kumuwaiwai ma ke kumu kūʻai maikaʻi, nā ala pili i ke kaiapuni e ʻike ai i kēlā mau hale, i ka wā i kūkulu ʻia ai, hiki ke lōʻihi ma kahi o 50 mau makahiki.
ʻO kahi haʻawina kūpono e ka Idaho National Laboratory ma 2006 i hōʻike i kahi loiloi o ka hiki ke hoʻomohala i nā kumuwaiwai liʻiliʻi a haʻahaʻa no ka hana hydroelectric ma United States. Ma kahi o 5,400 o 100,000 mau kahua i hoʻoholo ʻia e loaʻa ka mana no nā papahana wai liʻiliʻi (ʻo ia hoʻi, e hāʻawi ana ma waena o 1 a me 30 Megawatts o ka mana mean makahiki). Ua manaʻo ka US Department of Energy e loaʻa ana kēia mau papahana (inā hoʻomohala ʻia) i ka piʻi ʻana ma mua o 50% o ka nui o ka mana hydroelectric. ʻO ka mana wai-poʻo haʻahaʻa e pili ana i nā wahi me ke poʻo (ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻokoʻa kiʻekiʻe) ʻoi aku ma lalo o ʻelima mau mika (ma kahi o 16 kapuaʻi).
Ke hilinaʻi nui nei nā ʻoihana wai wai kahe i ke kahe kūlohelohe o nā muliwai a me nā kahawai, a hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohana i nā kahe wai liʻiliʻi me ka ʻole o ka pono e kūkulu i nā waihona wai nui. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea hana e hoʻoneʻe ai i ka wai i loko o nā auwai e like me nā kahawai, nā ʻauwai wai, nā aqueducts, a me nā paipu e hana ai i ka uila. ʻO nā pahu hoʻohaʻahaʻa hoʻohaʻahaʻa i hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻōnaehana wai a me ka ʻoihana e hōʻemi i ke kūkulu ʻana o ke kaomi wai i loko o ka valve a i ʻole e hōʻemi i ke kaomi i kahi pae kūpono no ka hoʻohana ʻana e nā mea kūʻai aku ʻōnaehana wai hāʻawi i nā manawa hou no ka hana mana.
Ke kali nei kekahi mau bila i kēia manawa ma ka ʻAhaʻōlelo no ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke aniau a me ka ikehu maʻemaʻe e ʻimi e hoʻokumu i kahi kūlana o ka ikehu hou (a i ʻole uila) (RES). ʻO ka mea nui ma waena o kēia mau HR 2454, ka American Clean Energy and Security Act o 2009, a me S. 1462, ka American Clean Energy Leadership Act o 2009. Ma lalo o nā manaʻo o kēia manawa, pono ka RES i nā mea kūʻai uila e loaʻa i nā pākēneka o ka uila hou no ka mana a lākou e hāʻawi ai i nā mea kūʻai. ʻOiai ua manaʻo ʻia ka hydropower he kumu maʻemaʻe o ka mana uila, ʻo nā ʻenehana hydrokinetic wale nō (e hilinaʻi nei i ka wai hoʻoneʻe) a me nā noi liʻiliʻi o ka hydropower e kūpono i ka RES. Ma muli o ka ʻōlelo o kēia manawa i nā bila e kali nei, ʻaʻole paha e hoʻokō ka hapa nui o nā hana hou o ka muliwai haʻahaʻa a me nā pāhana wai liʻiliʻi i nā koi no ka "hydropower kūpono" ke ʻole e hoʻokomo ʻia kēia mau papahana ma nā pā wai wai ʻole.
Ma muli o ka li'ili'i li'ili'i o nā papahana e pili ana i nā kumukū'ai no ka ho'omohala 'ana no ka mana wai li'ili'i a me ke po'o ha'aha'a, hiki ke ho'onui 'ia ka hiki 'ana o kahi papahana ma muli o ke kū'ai mana. No laila, me ke kulekele ikehu maʻemaʻe ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokele, hiki ke kōkua i nā mea hoʻoikaika aupuni. ʻO ka hoʻomohala hou aʻe o ka wai liʻiliʻi a me ke poʻo haʻahaʻa ma kahi ākea e hiki mai ana ma muli o kahi kulekele aupuni i manaʻo ʻia e hāpai i nā pahuhopu ikehu maʻemaʻe.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-05-2021
