I-US Energy Information Administration (EIA) isandul 'ukukhupha ingxelo echaza ukuba ukususela ehlotyeni lalo nyaka, imozulu eyomileyo iye yatshayela i-United States, ibangela ukuveliswa kombane kwiindawo ezininzi zelizwe ukuhla kangangeenyanga eziliqela ezilandelelanayo. Kukho ukunqongophala kombane kurhulumente, kwaye igridi yengingqi iphantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu.
Ukuveliswa kombane owenziwe ngamanzi uyehla kangangeenyanga
I-EIA ibonise ukuba imozulu eyomileyo egqithisileyo kunye nengaqhelekanga iye yachaphazela iindawo ezininzi zentshona ye-United States, ngakumbi amazwe amaninzi kwi-Pacific Northwest. La mazwe kulapho uninzi lwamandla ombane afakwe emanzini ase-US akhoyo. Kulindeleke ukuba oku kukhokhelele ekwehleni konyaka nonyaka kupheliso lombane wamanzi eMelika kulo nyaka. 14%.
Kuyaqondwa ukuba kumazwe amahlanu eWashington, Idaho, Vermont, Oregon kunye neSouth Dakota, ubuncinci isiqingatha sombane kwilizwe ngalinye sivela kumandla ombane. Ngo-Agasti kulo nyaka uphelileyo, iCalifornia, ephethe i-13% ye-US efakwe amandla ombane wamanzi, kwanyanzeleka ukuba ivale isikhululo samandla samanzi e-Edward Hyatt emva kokuba inqanaba lamanzi eLake Oroville lawela kwimbali ephantsi. Amawakawaka amakhaya abonelela ngombane owaneleyo. Ukusukela ngoNovemba kulo nyaka uphelileyo, amandla ombane waseCalifornia wehle waya kwiminyaka eli-10 ephantsi.
Idama laseHoover, elingumthombo ongundoqo wokusetyenziswa kombane kumazwe asentshona, limisele elona nqanaba lisezantsi lamanzi ukususela ekugqityweni kwalo kweli hlobo, kwaye umbane walo wehle ngama-25% ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kulo nyaka.
Ukongeza, inqanaba lamanzi eLake Powell kumda ophakathi kweArizona ne-Utah nalo liyaqhubeka nokuhla. I-EIA iqikelela ukuba oku kuya kukhokelela kwi-3% yamathuba okuba iDama laseGlen Canyon aliyi kukwazi ukuvelisa umbane ngaxesha lithile kunyaka ozayo, kunye namathuba angama-34% okuba alizukwazi ukuvelisa umbane ngo-2023.Uxinzelelo kwigridi yamandla ommandla lukhula ngokukhawuleza
Ukwehla ngesiquphe kokuveliswa kombane owenziwe ngamanzi kubeke uxinzelelo olukhulu ekusebenzeni kwegridi yombane yengingqi yase-US. Inkqubo yangoku yegridi yase-US iqulunqwe ubukhulu becala ziigridi zamandla ezintathu ezidityanisiweyo empuma, entshona, nakumazantsi eTexas. Ezi zintathu zeegridi zamandla ezidityanisiweyo zidityaniswe yimigca embalwa ye-DC ephantsi, ibala i-73% kunye ne-19% yombane othengiswayo e-United States, ngokulandelanayo. Kwaye 8%.
Phakathi kwabo, igridi yamandla asempuma isondele kwiindawo ezinkulu zokubonelela ngamalahle kunye negesi e-United States, kwaye ikakhulu isebenzisa amalahle kunye negesi yendalo yokuvelisa amandla; igridi yamandla asentshona isondele kwiintaba zeColorado kunye nemilambo, kwaye isasazwa ngeentaba ezinamatye kunye nezinye iintaba ezinomhlaba omkhulu, ubukhulu becala amandla ombane. Engundoqo; igridi yamandla esemazantsi eTexas ibekwe kwisitya serhasi ye-shale, kwaye ukuveliswa kwamandla erhasi yendalo yeyona ibalaseleyo, isenza igridi yamandla amancinane azimeleyo kummandla.
Imithombo yeendaba yase-US i-CNBC ibonise ukuba igridi yamandla asentshona, eyona nto ixhomekeke kumbane wamanzi, iye yandisa ngakumbi umthwalo wayo wokusebenza. Ezinye iingcali zibonise ukuba i-Western Power Grid idinga ngokukhawuleza ukujongana nekamva lokuhla ngokukhawuleza kwamandla ombane.
Idatha ye-EIA ibonisa ukuba i-hydropower ibeka indawo yesihlanu kwisakhiwo samandla ase-US, kwaye isabelo sayo sehlile ukusuka kwi-7.25% kunyaka ophelileyo ukuya kwi-6.85%. Kwisiqingatha sokuqala salo nyaka, ukuveliswa kombane wamanzi e-United States kwehle nge-12.6% unyaka nonyaka.
Amandla ombane asabalulekile
"Owona mceli mngeni mkhulu esijongene nawo kukufumana isixhobo esifanelekileyo okanye indibaniselwano yemithombo yokubonelela amandla kunye nomthamo wokuphuma kwamandla olingana namandla ombane." Isithethi seKomishoni yaMandla eCalifornia uLindsay Buckley uthe, "Njengoko utshintsho lwemozulu lukhokelela kwimozulu embi kakhulu Ngokunyuka kwamaza, abasebenzisi begridi kufuneka bakhawuleze ukuziqhelanisa nokuguquguquka okukhulu kombane wombane."
I-EIA yalatha ukuba amandla ombane owenziwe ngamanzi athambileyo anokuphinda ahlaziyeke anokulandelela umthwalo owomeleleyo kunye nokusebenza kommiselo, kwaye unokuvulwa nokucinywa ngokulula. Ngoko ke, inokusebenza kakuhle ngezithuba zomoya kunye namandla omoya. Ngeli xesha, amandla ombane anokunciphisa kakhulu ubunzima bokusebenza kwegridi. Oku kuthetha ukuba amandla ombane asafuneka eMelika.
USeverin Borenstein, ingcaphephe yamandla ahlaziyekayo kwiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia eBerkeley kunye nelungu lebhodi yabalawuli babasebenzi benkqubo yamandla ezimeleyo yaseCalifornia, wathi: “Amandla ombane yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yomsebenzi wentsebenziswano wenkqubo yonke yamandla, kwaye indima yayo ibaluleke kakhulu.”
Kunikelwa ingxelo yokuba ngoku, ukwehla ngequbuliso kokuveliswa kombane ngamanzi kunyanzelise iinkampani eziluncedo zikawonke-wonke kunye nabasebenzi begridi karhulumente kumazwe amaninzi asentshona eUnited States ukuba bafune eminye imithombo yokuvelisa umbane, njengamafutha efosili, amandla enyukliya, namandla omoya namandla elanga. "Oku kukhokelela ngokungangqalanga kwiindleko zokusebenza eziphezulu kwizinto eziluncedo." UNathalie Voisin, injineli yobutyebi bamanzi eLos Angeles, watsho ngokuphandle. "I-Hydropower ekuqaleni yayithembeke kakhulu, kodwa imeko yangoku iyasinyanzela ukuba sifumane isisombululo ngokukhawuleza."
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-22-2021
