Hukumar Kula da Bayanai kan Makamashi ta Amurka (EIA) ta fitar da wani rahoto kwanan nan inda ta bayyana cewa tun lokacin bazara na wannan shekarar, yanayi mai tsananin bushewa ya mamaye Amurka, wanda ya sa samar da wutar lantarki a sassa da dama na kasar ya ragu tsawon watanni da dama a jere. Akwai karancin wutar lantarki a jihar, kuma layin wutar lantarki na yankin yana fuskantar matsin lamba sosai.
Samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa ya ragu tsawon watanni
EIA ta nuna cewa yanayi mai tsanani da rashin kyawun yanayi na bushewa ya shafi yawancin sassan yammacin Amurka, musamman jihohi da dama a Arewa maso Yammacin Pacific. Waɗannan jihohin ne inda yawancin ƙarfin wutar lantarki da aka sanya a Amurka yake. Ana sa ran wannan zai haifar da raguwar samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa a Amurka a wannan shekarar. Kashi 14%.
An fahimci cewa a jihohi biyar na Washington, Idaho, Vermont, Oregon da South Dakota, akalla rabin wutar lantarki a kowace jiha ta fito ne daga wutar lantarki ta ruwa. A watan Agustan bara, California, wacce ke da kashi 13% na karfin wutar lantarki da Amurka ke shigarwa, an tilasta mata rufe tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta Edward Hyatt bayan da matakin ruwa na tafkin Oroville ya fadi zuwa wani matsayi mafi karanci a tarihi. Dubban gidaje suna samar da isasshen wutar lantarki. Ya zuwa watan Nuwamban bara, karfin wutar lantarki ta ruwa a California ya ragu zuwa kasa da shekaru 10.
Madatsar ruwa ta Hoover, wadda ita ce babbar hanyar amfani da wutar lantarki a jihohin yammacin duniya, ta sanya matakin ruwa mafi ƙanƙanta tun bayan kammala ta a wannan bazarar, kuma samar da wutar lantarki ta ragu da kashi 25% zuwa yanzu a wannan shekarar.
Bugu da ƙari, matakin ruwan tafkin Powell da ke kan iyakar Arizona da Utah shi ma yana ci gaba da raguwa. EIA ta yi hasashen cewa wannan zai haifar da yuwuwar kashi 3% na cewa madatsar ruwan Glen Canyon ba za ta iya samar da wutar lantarki ba a wani lokaci na shekara mai zuwa, da kuma yiwuwar kashi 34% na ba za ta iya samar da wutar lantarki ba a shekarar 2023.Matsi da ke kan layin wutar lantarki na yankin yana ƙaruwa sosai
Faduwar wutar lantarki ta hanyar amfani da ruwa ta haifar da matsin lamba mai yawa ga aikin tashar wutar lantarki ta yankin Amurka. Tsarin tashar wutar lantarki ta Amurka na yanzu ya ƙunshi manyan tashoshin wutar lantarki guda uku a gabas, yamma, da kudancin Texas. Waɗannan layukan wutar lantarki guda uku da aka haɗa suna da layukan DC marasa ƙarfi, waɗanda suka kai kashi 73% da 19% na wutar lantarki da ake sayarwa a Amurka, bi da bi. Da kuma kashi 8%.
Daga cikinsu, hanyar samar da wutar lantarki ta gabas tana kusa da manyan wuraren samar da kwal da iskar gas a Amurka, kuma galibi tana amfani da kwal da iskar gas don samar da wutar lantarki; hanyar samar da wutar lantarki ta yamma tana kusa da tsaunuka da koguna na Colorado, kuma tana rarrabawa da tsaunukan duwatsu da sauran tsaunuka masu kyawawan wurare, galibi wutar lantarki ta ruwa. Babban; hanyar samar da wutar lantarki ta kudancin Texas tana cikin yankin shale gas, kuma samar da wutar lantarki ta iskar gas ita ce mafi rinjaye, tana samar da ƙaramin hanyar samar da wutar lantarki mai zaman kanta a yankin.
Kafafen yada labaran Amurka na CNBC sun nuna cewa hanyar samar da wutar lantarki ta yamma, wacce galibi ta dogara ne da wutar lantarki ta ruwa, ta kara yawan aikinta. Wasu kwararru sun nuna cewa hanyar samar da wutar lantarki ta yamma tana bukatar gaggawa ta fuskanci makomar raguwar wutar lantarki ta ruwa ba zato ba tsammani.
Bayanan EIA sun nuna cewa wutar lantarki ta ruwa tana matsayi na biyar a tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na Amurka, kuma rabon ta ya ragu daga kashi 7.25% a bara zuwa kashi 6.85%. A rabin farko na wannan shekarar, samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa a Amurka ya ragu da kashi 12.6% a shekara bayan shekara.
Wutar lantarki ta ruwa har yanzu tana da mahimmanci
"Babban ƙalubalen da muke fuskanta shine neman albarkatu ko haɗin albarkatu masu dacewa don samar da makamashi da ƙarfin fitar da wutar lantarki daidai da wutar lantarki ta ruwa." Kakakin Hukumar Makamashi ta California Lindsay Buckley ta ce, "Yayin da sauyin yanayi ke haifar da yanayi mai tsanani. Tare da ƙaruwar mita, masu aiki da wutar lantarki dole ne su hanzarta daidaitawa da manyan canje-canje a samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa."
EIA ta nuna cewa wutar lantarki ta ruwa makamashi ne mai sassauƙa wanda ke da ƙarfin bin diddigin kaya da kuma daidaita aiki, kuma ana iya kunnawa da kashewa cikin sauƙi. Saboda haka, yana iya aiki da kyau tare da wutar lantarki ta iska da iska mai ɗorewa. A wannan lokacin, wutar lantarki ta ruwa na iya rage sarkakiyar ayyukan tashar wutar lantarki. Wannan yana nufin cewa wutar lantarki ta ruwa har yanzu ba ta da mahimmanci ga Amurka.
Severin Borenstein, kwararre kan makamashin da ake sabuntawa a Jami'ar California da ke Berkeley kuma memba na kwamitin gudanarwa na masu gudanar da tsarin wutar lantarki mai zaman kansa a California, ya ce: "Makamashin ruwa muhimmin bangare ne na aikin hadin gwiwa na tsarin wutar lantarki, kuma matsayinsa yana da matukar muhimmanci."
An ruwaito cewa a halin yanzu, raguwar samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar ruwa ta tilasta wa kamfanonin samar da wutar lantarki na gwamnati da masu gudanar da layin wutar lantarki na jihohi da dama na yammacin Amurka neman wasu hanyoyin samar da wutar lantarki, kamar man fetur, makamashin nukiliya, da iska da hasken rana. "Wannan a kaikaice yana haifar da hauhawar farashin aiki ga kamfanonin samar da wutar lantarki." Nathalie Voisin, injiniyan albarkatun ruwa na Los Angeles, ta ce a gaskiya. "Da farko wutar lantarki ta samar da wutar lantarki ta dogara sosai, amma halin da ake ciki a yanzu yana tilasta mana mu nemo mafita da wuri-wuri."
Lokacin Saƙo: Oktoba-22-2021
