Nō nā tata nei i whakaputa te US Energy Information Administration (EIA) i tētahi pūrongo e kī ana, mai i te raumati o tēnei tau, kua pā te maroke rawa o te rangi ki te United States, ā, kua heke te kaha whakaputa hiko wai i roto i ngā wāhanga maha o te whenua mō ngā marama maha karapīpiti. He iti te hiko i roto i te kawanatanga, ā, kei raro i te pēhanga nui te whatunga hiko ā-rohe.
Ka heke te whakaputanga hiko wai mō ngā marama
I tohu te EIA kua pāngia te nuinga o ngā wāhanga o te taha hauauru o te Hononga o Amerika e te huarere maroke tino kino, tino rerekē hoki, inā koa he maha ngā kawanatanga i te Tai Hauāuru o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa. Kei roto i ēnei kawanatanga te nuinga o te kaha hiko wai o Amerika. E matapaetia ana ka heke te whakaputa hiko wai i te Hononga o Amerika i tēnei tau, ā, ka piki ake te 14%.
E mārama ana i roto i ngā kawanatanga e rima o Washington, Idaho, Vermont, Oregon me South Dakota, ko te haurua o te hiko o ia kawanatanga i ahu mai i te hiko wai. I te marama o Ākuhata i te tau kua hipa, i akiakihia a California, e pupuri ana i te 13% o te kaha hiko wai kua tāutahia e te US, ki te kati i te teihana hiko wai a Edward Hyatt i muri i te hekenga o te taumata wai o te roto o Oroville ki te iti rawa o mua. He mano tini ngā whare e whakarato ana i te hiko e ranea ana. I te marama o Noema i te tau kua hipa, kua heke te kaha hiko wai o California ki te iti rawa o ngā tau 10.
Ko te Pā o Hoover, te pūtake matua o te hiko e whakamahia ana i ngā whenua o te uru, te taumata wai iti rawa mai i tōna otinga i tēnei raumati, ā, kua heke te whakaputa hiko mā te 25% tae noa mai ki tēnei tau.
Hei tāpiritanga, kei te heke tonu te taumata wai o te roto o Powell i te rohe i waenganui i a Arizona me Utah. E matapaetia ana e te EIA ka arahi tēnei ki te 3% o te tūponotanga kāore e taea e te Glen Canyon Dam te whakaputa hiko i tētahi wā i te tau e tū mai nei, me te 34% o te tūponotanga kāore e taea e ia te whakaputa hiko i te tau 2023.Ka piki tere te pēhanga ki runga i te whatunga hiko ā-rohe
Nā te hekenga ohorere o te whakaputa hiko wai kua tino pēhia te mahi a te whatunga hiko ā-rohe o Amerika. Ko te pūnaha whatunga hiko o Amerika i nāianei he mea tito mai i ngā whatunga hiko matua e toru i te rawhiti, te hauauru, me te tonga o Texas. Ko ēnei whatunga hiko e toru e honoa ana e ētahi raina DC iti te kaha, e 73% me te 19% o te hiko e hokona ana i te Hononga o Amerika. Ā, 8%.
I roto i ēnei, e tata ana te whatunga hiko ki te rawhiti ki ngā wāhi nui e tuku ana i te waro me te hau i te Hononga o Amerika, ā, ko te nuinga e whakamahi ana i te waro me te hau māori mō te whakaputa hiko; e tata ana te whatunga hiko ki te hauauru ki ngā maunga me ngā awa o Colorado, ā, e horahia ana ki ngā maunga toka me ētahi atu maunga he whenua whānui, ko te nuinga he hiko wai. Ko te mea nui; kei roto te whatunga hiko o te tonga o Texas i te puna hau kirikiri, ā, ko te whakaputa hiko hau māori te mea matua, e hanga ana i tētahi whatunga hiko iti motuhake i te rohe.
I kī te pāpāho o Amerika, CNBC, kua piki ake te kawenga whakahaere o te whatunga hiko o te Hauāuru, e whakawhirinaki nui ana ki te hiko wai. I kī ētahi tohunga me aro wawe te whatunga hiko o te Hauāuru ki te hekenga ohorere o te hiko wai.
E whakaatu ana ngā raraunga EIA ko te mana wai kei te tuarima o ngā whenua hiko o Amerika, ā, kua heke tōna wāhi mai i te 7.25% i te tau kua hipa ki te 6.85%. I te haurua tuatahi o tēnei tau, i heke te whakaputanga mana wai i te United States mā te 12.6% i ia tau.
He mea nui tonu te hiko wai
"Ko te wero nui rawa atu e pā ana ki a mātou ko te kimi i tētahi rauemi e tika ana, i tētahi huinga rauemi rānei, hei whakarato i te pūngao me te kaha whakaputa hiko e rite ana ki te hiko wai." I kī te kaikorero mō te California Energy Commission, a Lindsay Buckley, "I te mea ka arahi te huringa āhuarangi ki te huarere kino rawa atu. Me te piki haere o te auau, me tere ake ngā kaiwhakahaere whatunga hiko ki te urutau ki ngā pikinga nui o te whakaputa hiko wai."
I whakamārama te EIA he pūngao whakahou ngāwari te hiko wai, he kaha te aroturuki me te whakahaere i ngā kawenga, ā, ka taea te whakaweto me te whakakā. Nō reira, ka taea te mahi pai me te hau me te hau hau. I roto i taua wā, ka taea e te hiko wai te whakaiti i te uaua o ngā mahi whatunga. Ko te tikanga he mea nui tonu te hiko wai mō te United States.
I mea atu a Severin Borenstein, he tohunga mō te pūngao whakahou i Te Whare Wānanga o California i Berkeley, he mema hoki nō te poari whakahaere o ngā kaiwhakahaere pūnaha hiko motuhake o California: "He wāhanga nui te hiko wai o te mahi tahi katoa o te pūnaha hiko, ā, he mea tino nui tōna tūranga."
E ai ki ngā pūrongo i tēnei wā, nā te hekenga ohorere o te whakaputanga hiko wai, kua akiakihia ngā kamupene ratonga tūmatanui me ngā kaiwhakahaere whatunga kāwanatanga i roto i ngā whenua maha o te hauauru o te Hononga o Amerika ki te rapu i ētahi atu puna whakaputa hiko, pērā i ngā wahie pūmua, te hiko karihi, me te hiko hau me te hiko rā. "Ka hua ake tēnei i te pikinga ā-korekore o ngā utu whakahaere mō ngā ratonga," te kī pono a Nathalie Voisin, he miihini rauemi wai o Los Angeles. "I te tīmatanga he tino pono te hiko wai, engari nā te āhuatanga o nāianei ka akiakihia mātou ki te kimi i tētahi otinga i te wā e taea ai."
Wā tuku: Oketopa-22-2021
