Posachedwapa bungwe la US Energy Information Administration (EIA) linatulutsa lipoti losonyeza kuti kuyambira m’chilimwe cha chaka chino, nyengo yamvula yadzaoneni ku United States, zomwe zachititsa kuti mphamvu zamagetsi m’madera ambiri a dzikolo zichepe kwa miyezi ingapo yotsatizana. Pali kusowa kwa magetsi m'boma, ndipo gridi yachigawo ili pansi pazovuta kwambiri.
Mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi zimachepa kwa miyezi ingapo
EIA inanena kuti nyengo yowuma kwambiri komanso yachilendo yakhudza madera ambiri akumadzulo kwa United States, makamaka mayiko ambiri ku Pacific Northwest. Maboma awa ndi kumene mphamvu zambiri za US hydropower zidayika. Zikuyembekezeka kuti izi zipangitsa kutsika kwachaka ndi chaka kwa mphamvu yamagetsi yamadzi ku United States chaka chino. 14%.
Zikumveka kuti m'madera asanu a Washington, Idaho, Vermont, Oregon ndi South Dakota, pafupifupi theka la magetsi m'chigawo chilichonse chimachokera ku hydropower. Mu Ogasiti chaka chatha, California, yomwe ili ndi 13% ya mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zidayikidwa ku US, idakakamizika kutseka malo opangira magetsi a Edward Hyatt pambuyo poti madzi a Nyanja ya Oroville adagwa pansi. Nyumba zambirimbiri zimapereka magetsi okwanira. Pofika mu Novembala chaka chatha, mphamvu yamagetsi yamadzi ku California idatsika mpaka zaka 10.
Damu la Hoover, lomwe ndilo gwero lalikulu la magetsi ku mayiko akumadzulo, linakhazikitsa madzi otsika kwambiri kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe, ndipo mphamvu zake zatsika ndi 25% mpaka pano chaka chino.
Kuphatikiza apo, madzi a Nyanja ya Powell pamalire a Arizona ndi Utah akupitilizabe kutsika. EIA imaneneratu kuti izi zidzapangitsa kuti 3% ikhale ndi mwayi woti Damu la Glen Canyon silidzatha kupanga magetsi chaka chamawa, komanso mwayi wa 34% woti sudzatha kupanga magetsi mu 2023.Kupanikizika kwa gridi yamagetsi yachigawo kumawonjezeka kwambiri
Kutsika kwadzidzidzi kwa kupanga magetsi amadzi kwadzetsa chitsenderezo chachikulu pakugwira ntchito kwa gridi yamagetsi yachigawo cha US. Makina amakono a gridi aku US amapangidwa makamaka ndi ma gridi atatu akuluakulu ophatikizika kummawa, kumadzulo, ndi kumwera kwa Texas. Ma gridi atatuwa ophatikizika amagetsi amalumikizidwa ndi mizere yochepa chabe ya DC, yomwe imawerengera 73% ndi 19% yamagetsi ogulitsidwa ku United States, motsatana. Ndipo 8%.
Pakati pawo, gululi yamagetsi yakum'mawa ili pafupi ndi malo akuluakulu a malasha ndi gasi ku United States, ndipo makamaka amagwiritsa ntchito malasha ndi gasi kuti apange magetsi; gululi mphamvu yakumadzulo ili pafupi ndi mapiri a Colorado ndi mitsinje, ndipo imagawidwa ndi mapiri amiyala ndi mapiri ena okhala ndi malo akuluakulu, makamaka hydropower. Chachikulu; gululi yamagetsi yakumwera kwa Texas ili mu beseni la gasi la shale, ndipo kutulutsa mphamvu kwa gasi ndikomwe kumakhala kokulirapo, kupanga gulu lamagetsi laling'ono lodziyimira palokha m'derali.
Atolankhani aku US CNBC adanenanso kuti gridi yamagetsi yakumadzulo, yomwe imadalira mphamvu ya hydropower, yawonjezeranso ntchito yake. Akatswiri ena adanenanso kuti Western Power Grid iyenera kuyang'anizana ndi tsogolo la kugwa kwadzidzidzi kwa mphamvu yamadzi.
Deta ya EIA ikuwonetsa kuti mphamvu ya hydropower ili pamalo achisanu mumayendedwe amagetsi aku US, ndipo gawo lake latsika kuchoka pa 7.25% chaka chatha kufika pa 6.85%. Mu theka loyamba la chaka chino, mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi ku United States zidatsika ndi 12.6% pachaka.
Mphamvu ya Hydropower ndiyofunikirabe
"Vuto lalikulu lomwe timakumana nalo ndikupeza zida zoyenera kapena zophatikizira zothandizira kuti tipereke mphamvu ndi mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu yofanana ndi mphamvu yamadzi." Mneneri wa California Energy Commission a Lindsay Buckley adati, "Momwe kusintha kwanyengo kumabweretsa nyengo yoipitsitsa Chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira, opanga ma gridi akuyenera kufulumira kuti agwirizane ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwamagetsi opangira magetsi amadzi."
EIA inanena kuti mphamvu ya hydropower ndi mphamvu yosinthika yongowonjezedwanso yokhala ndi kutsata kwamphamvu ndi kutsata malamulo, ndipo imatha kuyatsidwa ndi kuzimitsa mosavuta. Chifukwa chake, imatha kugwira ntchito bwino ndi mphepo yamkuntho komanso mphamvu yamphepo. Panthawiyi, mphamvu ya hydropower imatha kuchepetsa zovuta zogwirira ntchito za gridi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mphamvu ya hydropower ikadali yofunika kwambiri ku United States.
Severin Borenstein, katswiri wa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ku yunivesite ya California ku Berkeley komanso membala wa komiti ya oyang'anira oyendetsa magetsi odziyimira pawokha ku California, adati: "Hydropower ndi gawo lofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwamagetsi onse, ndipo kaimidwe kake ndikofunikira kwambiri."
Akuti pakali pano, kuchepa kwadzidzidzi kwa magetsi opangidwa ndi madzi kwakakamiza makampani ogwiritsira ntchito magetsi ndi maboma m’madera ambiri akumadzulo kwa United States kufunafuna njira zina zopangira magetsi, monga mafuta opangira zinthu zakale, mphamvu ya nyukiliya, ndi mphamvu ya mphepo ndi dzuŵa. "Izi zimadzetsa kukwera mtengo kwa magwiridwe antchito." Nathalie Voisin, injiniya wopangira madzi ku Los Angeles, ananena mosapita m’mbali. "Hydropower poyambirira inali yodalirika, koma momwe zinthu ziliri pano zimatikakamiza kupeza yankho mwachangu momwe tingathere."
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-22-2021
