Monga tonse tikudziwira, majenereta amatha kugawidwa m'majenereta a DC ndi majenereta a AC. Pakadali pano, alternator imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, komanso jenereta ya hydro. Koma m'zaka zoyambirira, majenereta a DC anali kulamulira msika wonse, ndiye majenereta a AC adalamulira bwanji msika? Kodi pali mgwirizano wotani pakati pa majenereta a hydro apa? Izi zikunena za nkhondo ya AC ndi DC ndi jenereta ya hydro ya 5000hp ya siteshoni yamagetsi ya Adams ku Niagara Falls.
Tisanayambe kupanga jenereta yamagetsi ya Niagara Falls, tiyenera kuyamba ndi nkhondo yofunika kwambiri ya AC/DC m'mbiri ya chitukuko cha magetsi.
Edison ndi katswiri wodziwika bwino wa ku America. Anabadwira mu umphawi ndipo sanaphunzire kusukulu. Komabe, adapeza ma patent pafupifupi 1300 m'moyo wake podalira nzeru zake zodabwitsa komanso mzimu wake wolimbana. Pa Okutobala 21, 1879, adapempha patent yopangidwa ndi nyali ya incandescent ya carbon filament (Nambala 22898); Mu 1882, adakhazikitsa kampani yamagetsi ya Edison kuti ipange nyali za incandescent ndi ma jenereta awo a DC. M'chaka chomwecho, adamanga chomera choyamba chachikulu chamagetsi padziko lonse lapansi ku New York. Adagulitsa mababu opitilira 200000 mkati mwa zaka zitatu ndipo adalamulira msika wonse. Ma jenereta a DC a Edison amagulitsidwanso bwino ku kontinenti ya America.
Mu 1885, pamene Edison anali pachimake, steinhouse waku America adazindikira bwino makina atsopano opangira magetsi a AC. Mu 1885, Westinghouse adagula patent pamakina opangira magetsi a AC ndi transformer omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gaulard ndi Gibbs ku United States pa February 6, 1884 (US Patent No. n0.297924). Mu 1886, Westinghouse ndi Stanley (W. Stanley, 1856-1927) adakwanitsa kukweza AC ya gawo limodzi kufika pa 3000V ndi transformer ku Great Barrington, Massachusetts, USA, yotumiza 4000ft, kenako kuchepetsa magetsi kufika pa 500V. Posakhalitsa, Westinghouse idapanga ndikugulitsa makina angapo opangira magetsi a AC. Mu 1888, Westinghouse idagula patent ya Tesla, "katswiri wamagetsi", pa mota ya AC, ndipo idalemba ntchito Tesla kuti agwire ntchito ku Westinghouse. Idadzipereka kupanga mota ya AC ndikulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mota ya AC, ndipo idapambana. Kupambana kotsatizana kwa Westinghouse pakupanga mphamvu yosinthira magetsi kunakopa nsanje ya Edison wosagonjetseka ndi ena. Edison, HP Brown ndi ena adasindikiza nkhani m'manyuzipepala ndi m'magazini, adagwiritsa ntchito mwayi wa mantha a anthu pa nthawiyo, adalengeza mopanda nzeru za kuopsa kwa mphamvu yosinthira magetsi, ponena kuti "zamoyo zonse pafupi ndi kondakitala yamagetsi yosinthira magetsi sizingapulumuke" Kuti palibe cholengedwa chamoyo chomwe chingapulumuke pangozi ya kondakitala yonyamula mphamvu zosinthira magetsi. Mu nkhani yake, adatsutsa kugwiritsa ntchito AC pofuna kupha AC ali mwana. Poyang'anizana ndi kuukira kwa Edison ndi ena, Westinghouse ndi ena adalembanso nkhani zoteteza AC. Chifukwa cha mkanganowo, mbali ya AC idapambana pang'onopang'ono. Mbali ya DC sinali yofunitsitsa kutaya, HP Brown (pamene anali wothandizira wa labotale wa Edison) Analimbikitsanso ndikuthandiza msonkhano wa boma kuti upereke lamulo lokhudza kuphedwa ndi magetsi, ndipo mu Meyi 1889, adagula ma alternator atatu opangidwa ndi Westinghouse ndikugulitsa kundende ngati magetsi a mpando wamagetsi. M'maso mwa anthu ambiri, mphamvu yosinthira magetsi ndi dzina lofanana ndi Mulungu wa imfa. Nthawi yomweyo, Nyumba Yamalamulo ya Anthu ku mbali ya Edison inapanga maganizo a anthu onse: "Mpando wamagetsi ndi umboni wakuti mphamvu yosinthira magetsi imapangitsa anthu kufa mosavuta. Poyankha, Westinghouse anagwira tit pamsonkhano wa atolankhani. Tesla anamangirira mawaya thupi lake lonse ndikuwalumikiza ku chingwe cha mababu. Pamene mphamvu yosinthira magetsi inayatsidwa, nyali yamagetsi inali yowala, koma Tesla anali wotetezeka. Pansi pa vuto la kulephera kwa malingaliro a anthu, mbali ya DC inayesa kupha mphamvu yosinthira magetsi mwalamulo.
Mu kasupe wa 890, mamembala ena a nyumba yamalamulo ku Virginia adapereka lingaliro la "kupewa ngozi kuchokera ku mafunde amagetsi" Kumayambiriro kwa Epulo, nyumba yamalamulo idakhazikitsa oweruza milandu kuti achite msonkhano. Edison ndi Morton, manejala wamkulu wa kampaniyo, ndi LB Stillwell, mainjiniya wa Westinghouse (1863-1941) Ndipo loya woteteza H. Levis adapezeka pamsonkhanowo. Kufika kwa Edison wotchuka kunatseka holo ya nyumba yamalamulo. Edison adati modabwitsa pamsonkhanowo: "mafunde olunjika ali ngati" mtsinje woyenda mwamtendere kupita kunyanja ", ndipo mafunde osinthasintha ali ngati" mitsinje yamapiri ikusaka matanthwe mwamphamvu "(mtsinje wothamanga mwamphamvu pamwamba pa phiri)" Morton nayenso anayesa momwe angathere kuukira AC, koma umboni wawo unali wopanda pake komanso wosakhutiritsa, zomwe zidapangitsa omvera ndi oweruza kugwa mu chifunga. Mboni zochokera ku Westinghouse ndi makampani ambiri amagetsi adatsutsa mfundo yakuti AC ndi yoopsa kwambiri ndi mawu achidule komanso omveka bwino aukadaulo komanso machitidwe a magetsi amagetsi a 3000V omwe agwiritsa ntchito kwambiri. Pomaliza, oweruza milandu adapereka chigamulo pambuyo pa mkangano Pambuyo poti Virginia, Ohio ndi mayiko ena adakana zomwezo. Kuyambira pamenepo, AC yavomerezedwa pang'onopang'ono ndi anthu, ndipo Westinghouse ili ndi mbiri yokulirakulira mu nkhondo yolumikizirana (mwachitsanzo, mu 1893, idavomereza pangano la oda ya mababu 250000 ku Chicago Fair) Kampani ya Edison Electric Light, yomwe idagonjetsedwa pankhondo ya AC / DC, idanyozedwa ndipo sinali yokhazikika. Idayenera kuphatikizana ndi kampani ya Thomson Houston mu 1892 kuti ikhazikitse kampani yamagetsi (GE). Kampaniyo itangokhazikitsidwa, idasiya lingaliro la Edison lotsutsa chitukuko cha zida za AC, idalandira ntchito yopanga zida za AC za kampani yoyambirira ya Thomson Houston, ndipo idalimbikitsa mwamphamvu chitukuko cha zida za AC.
Izi ndi nkhondo yofunika kwambiri pakati pa AC ndi DC m'mbiri ya chitukuko cha magalimoto. Mkanganowo pamapeto pake unatsimikiza kuti kuvulaza kwa AC sikunali koopsa monga momwe ochirikiza DC adanenera. Pambuyo pa chisankho ichi, alternator inayamba kuyambitsa masika a chitukuko, ndipo makhalidwe ake ndi ubwino wake zinayamba kumveka ndikuvomerezedwa pang'onopang'ono ndi anthu. Izi zinakhalanso pambuyo pake ku Niagara Falls Pakati pa majenereta amadzi mu siteshoni yamagetsi yamadzi, alternator ndi chinthu chofunikira kuti apambane kachiwiri.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-11-2021
