Monga tonse tikudziwa, majenereta amatha kugawidwa kukhala majenereta a DC ndi ma generator a AC.Pakadali pano, alternator imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, komanso jenereta ya hydro.Koma m'zaka zoyambirira, majenereta a DC ankakhala pamsika wonse, ndiye kodi majenereta a AC ankakhala bwanji pamsika?Kodi pali kulumikizana kotani pakati pa majenereta a hydro pano?Izi ndi zankhondo ya AC ndi DC komanso 5000hp hydro generator of Adams power station ku Niagara Falls.
Tisanayambitse jenereta ya hydro ya Niagara Falls, tiyenera kuyamba ndi nkhondo yofunika kwambiri ya AC / DC m'mbiri ya chitukuko cha magetsi.
Edison ndi woyambitsa wotchuka wa ku America.Iye anabadwira muumphaŵi ndipo analibe maphunziro apamwamba a kusukulu.Komabe, adapeza zovomerezeka pafupifupi 1300 m'moyo wake podalira luntha lake lodabwitsa komanso mzimu wolimbana nawo.Pa October 21, 1879, adapempha kuti apange patent ya nyali ya carbon filament incandescent (No. 22898);Mu 1882, adayambitsa kampani ya nyali ya Edison kuti ipange nyali za incandescent ndi ma jenereta awo a DC.M’chaka chomwecho, anamanga fakitale yoyamba yaikulu padziko lonse yopangira magetsi opangira magetsi ku New York.Adagulitsa mababu opitilira 200000 mkati mwa zaka zitatu ndikulamulira msika wonse.Majenereta a Edison a DC amagulitsanso bwino ku America.
Mu 1885, pamene Edison anali pachimake, American steinhouse anazindikira mwachidwi makina opangidwa kumene a AC magetsi.Mu 1885, Westinghouse inagula patent pa AC lighting system ndi transformer yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gaulard ndi Gibbs ku United States pa February 6, 1884 (US Patent No. n0.297924).Mu 1886, Westinghouse ndi Stanley (W. Stanley, 1856-1927) adakwanitsa kulimbikitsa gawo limodzi la AC mpaka 3000V ndi thiransifoma ku Great Barrington, Massachusetts, USA, kutumiza 4000ft, ndiyeno kuchepetsa magetsi ku 500V.Posakhalitsa, Westinghouse adapanga ndikugulitsa makina angapo owunikira a AC.Mu 1888, Westinghouse adagula chiphaso cha Tesla, "katswiri wamagetsi", pagalimoto ya AC, ndikulemba ganyu Tesla kuti azigwira ntchito ku Westinghouse.Idadzipereka kupanga AC mota ndikulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mota ya AC, ndipo idapambana.Kupambana kotsatizana kwa Westinghouse pakupanga njira zosinthira kunakopa nsanje ya Edison wosagonjetseka ndi ena.Edison, HP bulauni ndi ena lofalitsidwa nkhani m'manyuzipepala ndi magazini, anatengerapo mwayi mantha anthu magetsi pa nthawi imeneyo, mwachidwi analengeza kuopsa alternating panopa, kunena kuti "moyo wonse pafupi alternating wochititsa panopa sangathe kupulumuka" Kuti palibe moyo. kulenga atha kupulumuka pangozi ya kondakitala kunyamula njira zina panopa M'nkhani yake, iye anaukira ntchito AC pofuna kunyonga AC ali wakhanda.Poyang'anizana ndi kuwukira kwa Edison ndi ena, Westinghouse ndi ena adalembanso zolemba kuti ateteze AC.chifukwa cha mkangano, mbali ya AC idapambana pang'onopang'ono.Mbali ya DC sinafune kutaya, HP Brown (pamene anali wothandizira labotale ya Edison) Analimbikitsanso ndikuthandizira msonkhano wa boma kuti upereke chigamulo chokhudza chilango cha imfa ndi electrocution, ndipo mu May 1889, adagula ma alternators atatu opangidwa. ndi Westinghouse ndikuwagulitsa kundende ngati magetsi a mpando wa electrocution.M’maso mwa anthu ambiri, kusinthasintha kwa mafunde ndi mawu ofanana ndi a Mulungu wa imfa.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, Congress ya anthu kumbali ya Edison inapanga maganizo a anthu: "Mpando wamagetsi ndi umboni wakuti kusintha kwa magetsi kumapangitsa anthu kufa mosavuta.Poyankha, Westinghouse adachita nawo msonkhano wa atolankhani.Tesla mwiniwake anamanga mawaya thupi lonse ndi kuwalumikiza ndi chingwe cha mababu.Pamene njira yosinthira inatsegulidwa, kuwala kwa magetsi kunali kowala, koma Tesla anali otetezeka.Pansi pazovuta za kulephera kwa malingaliro a anthu, mbali ya DC idayesa kupha njira yosinthira mwalamulo.
Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April, nyumba yamalamulo inakhazikitsa bwalo lamilandu kuti limvetsere mlanduwo.Edison ndi Morton, manejala wamkulu wa kampaniyo, ndi LB Yetwell, injiniya wa Westinghouse (1863-1941) Ndipo loya woteteza h.Levis anapezekapo pamlanduwo.Kufika kwa Edison wotchuka adatseka holo yamalamulo.Edison ananena mochititsa chidwi pamlanduwo kuti: “mafunde olunjika ali ngati” mtsinje woyenda mwamtendere kunyanja “, ndipo mafunde osinthasintha ali ngati” mitsinje yamapiri ikuseseratu maphompho mwamphamvu ” (mtsinje womwe ukusefukira mwamphamvu paphompho)” Morton anayesanso zotheka kuukira AC, koma umboni wawo unali wopanda pake komanso wosatsimikizika, zomwe zidapangitsa omvera ndi oweruza kugwa mumtambo.Mboni zochokera ku Westinghouse ndi makampani ambiri owunikira magetsi amatsutsa mfundo yakuti AC ndi yoopsa kwambiri ndi chilankhulo chachidule komanso chomveka bwino komanso machitidwe a magetsi a 3000V omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.Pomaliza, oweruza adapereka chigamulo pambuyo pa mkangano Pambuyo pa Virginia, Ohio ndi mayiko ena posakhalitsa anakana zomwezo.Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, AC yakhala ikuvomerezedwa ndi anthu, ndipo Westinghouse ili ndi mbiri yowonjezereka mu nkhondo yolankhulana (mwachitsanzo, mu 1893, idavomereza mgwirizano wa mababu a 250000 ku Chicago Fair) Edison Electric Light Company, yomwe inali kugonjetsedwa mu nkhondo ya AC / DC, adanyozedwa komanso osakhazikika.Inayenera kuphatikizika ndi kampani ya Thomson Houston mu 1892 kuti ikhazikitse General Electric Company (GE) Kampaniyo itangokhazikitsidwa, idasiya lingaliro la Edison lotsutsana ndi chitukuko cha zida za AC, idatengera ntchito yopanga zida za AC za Thomson Houston woyambirira. kampaniyo, ndipo idalimbikitsa mwamphamvu chitukuko cha zida za AC.
Zomwe zili pamwambazi ndi nkhondo yofunikira pakati pa AC ndi DC m'mbiri ya chitukuko cha magalimoto.Mkanganowu pamapeto pake unamaliza kuti kuvulaza kwa AC sikunali koopsa monga momwe otsatira DC adanena.Pambuyo pa chigamulo ichi, alternator anayamba kuyambitsa kasupe wa chitukuko, ndipo makhalidwe ake ndi ubwino anayamba kumvetsa ndi kulandiridwa pang'onopang'ono ndi anthu.Izi zinalinso pambuyo pake ku Niagara Falls Pakati pa ma generator a hydro mu hydropower station, alternator ndi chinthu chopambananso.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-11-2021
