Monga tonse tikudziwa, majenereta amatha kugawidwa kukhala majenereta a DC ndi ma generator a AC. Pakadali pano, alternator imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, komanso jenereta ya hydro. Koma m'zaka zoyambirira, majenereta a DC adatenga msika wonse, ndiye kodi majenereta a AC adakhala bwanji pamsika? Kodi pali kulumikizana kotani pakati pa majenereta a hydro pano? Izi ndi zankhondo ya AC ndi DC komanso jenereta ya 5000hp hydro ya Adams power station ku Niagara Falls.
Tisanayambitse jenereta ya hydro ya Niagara Falls, tiyenera kuyamba ndi nkhondo yofunika kwambiri ya AC / DC m'mbiri ya chitukuko cha magetsi.
Edison ndi woyambitsa wotchuka wa ku America. Iye anabadwira muumphaŵi ndipo analibe maphunziro apamwamba a kusukulu. Komabe, adapeza zovomerezeka pafupifupi 1300 m'moyo wake podalira luntha lake lodabwitsa komanso mzimu wolimbana nawo. Pa October 21, 1879, adapempha kuti apange patent ya nyali ya carbon filament incandescent (No. 22898); Mu 1882, adayambitsa kampani ya nyali ya Edison kuti apange nyali za incandescent ndi ma jenereta awo a DC. M’chaka chomwecho, anamanga fakitale yoyamba yaikulu padziko lonse yopangira magetsi opangira magetsi ku New York. Adagulitsa mababu opitilira 200000 mkati mwa zaka zitatu ndikulamulira msika wonse. Majenereta a Edison a DC amagulitsanso bwino ku America.
Mu 1885, pamene Edison anali pachimake, American steinhouse anazindikira mwachidwi makina ongobadwa kumene a AC magetsi. Mu 1885, Westinghouse inagula patent pa AC lighting system ndi transformer yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gaulard ndi Gibbs ku United States pa February 6, 1884 (US Patent No. n0.297924). Mu 1886, Westinghouse ndi Stanley (W. Stanley, 1856-1927) adakwanitsa kulimbikitsa gawo limodzi la AC mpaka 3000V ndi thiransifoma ku Great Barrington, Massachusetts, USA, kutumiza 4000ft, ndiyeno kuchepetsa magetsi ku 500V. Posakhalitsa, Westinghouse adapanga ndikugulitsa zida zingapo zowunikira za AC. Mu 1888, Westinghouse adagula chiphaso cha Tesla, "katswiri wamagetsi", pagalimoto ya AC, ndikulemba ganyu Tesla kuti azigwira ntchito ku Westinghouse. Idadzipereka kupanga mota ya AC ndikulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mota ya AC, ndipo idapambana. Kupambana kotsatizana kwa Westinghouse pakupanga njira zosinthira kunakopa nsanje ya Edison wosagonjetseka ndi ena. Edison, HP bulauni ndi ena lofalitsidwa nkhani m'manyuzipepala ndi magazini, anatengerapo mwayi mantha anthu magetsi pa nthawi imeneyo, mwachidwi analengeza kuopsa alternating panopa, kunena kuti "moyo wonse pafupi alternating wochititsa panopa sangathe kupulumuka" Kuti palibe zamoyo kulenga akanatha kupulumuka pangozi ya okonda kunyamula njira zina panopa M'nkhani yake, iye anaukira ntchito AC mu stranglency kuyesa kwake. Poyang'anizana ndi kuwukira kwa Edison ndi ena, Westinghouse ndi ena adalembanso zolemba kuti ateteze AC. chifukwa cha mkangano, mbali ya AC idapambana pang'onopang'ono. Mbali ya DC sinafune kutaya, HP Brown (pamene anali wothandizira labotale ya Edison) Analimbikitsanso ndikuthandizira msonkhano wa boma kuti upereke lamulo la kuphedwa kwa chilango cha imfa ndi electrocution, ndipo mu May 1889, adagula ma alternators atatu opangidwa ndi Westinghouse ndipo adawagulitsa kundende monga magetsi opangira magetsi. M’maso mwa anthu ambiri, kusinthasintha kwa madzi ndi mawu ofanana ndi a Mulungu wa imfa. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, Congress ya anthu kumbali ya Edison inapanga maganizo a anthu: "Mpando wamagetsi ndi umboni wakuti kusinthasintha kwa magetsi kumapangitsa kuti anthu azifa mosavuta." Poyankha, Westinghouse inachititsa kuti msonkhano wa atolankhani ukhale wa tat. pakulephera kwa malingaliro a anthu, mbali ya DC idayesa kupha njira yosinthira mwalamulo.
Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April, nyumba yamalamulo inakhazikitsa bwalo lamilandu kuti limvetsere mlanduwo. Edison ndi Morton, manejala wamkulu wa kampaniyo, ndi LB Yetwell, injiniya wa Westinghouse (1863-1941) Ndipo loya woteteza h. Levis anapezekapo pamlanduwo. Kufika kwa Edison wotchuka adatseka holo yamalamulo. Edison ananena mochititsa chidwi pamlanduwo: "mafunde olunjika ali ngati" mtsinje woyenda mwamtendere kunyanja ", ndipo kusinthasintha kwa madzi kuli ngati" mitsinje yamapiri yomwe ikukantha maphompho mwamphamvu " (mtsinje wothamanga kwambiri pamtunda)" Morton adayesetsanso kuyesetsa kumenyana ndi AC, koma umboni wawo unali wopanda pake, womwe unapangitsa omvera kukhala opanda pake. Mboni zochokera ku Westinghouse ndi makampani ambiri owunikira magetsi amatsutsa mfundo yakuti AC ndi yoopsa kwambiri ndi chilankhulo chachidule komanso chomveka bwino komanso machitidwe a magetsi a 3000V omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Pomaliza, oweruza adapereka chigamulo pambuyo pa mkangano Pambuyo pa Virginia, Ohio ndi mayiko ena posakhalitsa anakana zomwezo. Kuyambira pamenepo, AC pang'onopang'ono anavomerezedwa ndi anthu, ndipo Westinghouse ali ndi mbiri kukula mu nkhondo yolankhulana (mwachitsanzo, mu 1893, anavomera pangano dongosolo kwa mababu 250000 pa Chicago Fair) Edison Electric Light Company, amene anagonjetsedwa mu AC / DC nkhondo, ananyozedwa ndi wosakhazikika. Inayenera kuphatikizika ndi kampani ya Thomson Houston mu 1892 kuti ikhazikitse kampani yamagetsi yamagetsi (GE) Kampaniyo itangokhazikitsidwa, idasiya lingaliro la Edison lotsutsana ndi chitukuko cha zida za AC, idatengera ntchito yopanga zida za AC za kampani yoyambirira ya Thomson Houston, ndipo idalimbikitsa mwamphamvu chitukuko cha zida za AC.
Zomwe zili pamwambazi ndi nkhondo yofunikira pakati pa AC ndi DC m'mbiri ya chitukuko cha magalimoto. Mkanganowu pamapeto pake unamaliza kuti kuvulaza kwa AC sikunali koopsa monga momwe otsatira a DC adanena. Pambuyo pa chigamulo ichi, alternator anayamba kuyambitsa kasupe wa chitukuko, ndipo makhalidwe ake ndi ubwino anayamba kumvetsa ndi kulandiridwa pang'onopang'ono ndi anthu. Izi zinalinso pambuyo pake ku Niagara Falls Pakati pa majenereta a hydro mu siteshoni ya hydropower, alternator ndi chinthu chopambananso.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-11-2021
