Ukubaluleka kwebhedi yovavanyo lwe-hydraulic turbine model kuphuhliso lwe-Hydropower Technology

Ibhentshi yokuvavanya imodeli ye-hydraulic turbine idlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso lobuchwepheshe bombane wamanzi. Sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuphucula umgangatho weemveliso zombane wamanzi kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kweeyunithi. Ukuveliswa kwayo nayiphi na imbaleki kufuneka kuqala kuphuhlise imodeli yembaleki kwaye ivavanye imodeli ngokulinganisa eyona mitha yentloko yesikhululo sombane oqhutywa ngamanzi kwintloko ephezulu yovavanyo lomatshini wokwenza ulwelo olumanzi. Ukuba yonke idatha ihlangabezana neemfuno zabasebenzisi, umgijimi unokuveliswa ngokusemthethweni. Ke ngoko, abanye abavelisi bezixhobo zombane wamanzi angaphandle baneebhentshi ezininzi zovavanyo lwentloko yamanzi ukuze bahlangabezane neemfuno zemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, inkampani ye-neyrpic yaseFransi ineebhentshi zokuvavanya ezichanekileyo ezintlanu eziphambili; U-Hitachi kunye no-Toshiba banemigangatho emihlanu yokuvavanya imodeli enentloko yamanzi engaphezulu kwe-50m. Ngokweemfuno zemveliso, iziko elikhulu lophando lomatshini wombane lenze ibhedi ephezulu yokuvavanya intloko yamanzi kunye nemisebenzi epheleleyo kunye nokuchaneka okuphezulu, okunokuqhuba iimvavanyo zemodeli kwi-tubular, ukuhamba okuxubileyo, ukuhamba kwe-axial kunye noomatshini be-hydraulic oguqulwayo ngokulandelanayo, kunye nentloko yamanzi inokufikelela kwi-150m. Ibhentshi yokuvavanya inokulungelelanisa novavanyo lwemodeli yeeyunithi ezithe nkqo kunye nezithe tye. Ibhentshi yokuvavanya yenzelwe kunye nezikhululo ezibini ze-a kunye ne-B. xa isikhululo sisebenza, isitishi B sifakwe, esinokunciphisa umjikelo wovavanyo. A. B izikhululo ezibini zabelana ngeseti enye yenkqubo yokulawula umbane kunye nenkqubo yovavanyo. Inkqubo yokulawula umbane ithatha i-PROFIBUS njengengundoqo, i-NAIS fp10sh PLC njengomlawuli oyintloko, kunye ne-IPC (ikhompyutha yokulawula imboni) iqonda ulawulo oluphakathi. Inkqubo ithatha itekhnoloji ye-fieldbus ukuqonda phambili yonke indlela yokulawula idijithali, eqinisekisa ukuthembeka, ukhuseleko kunye nokugcinwa lula kwenkqubo. Yinkqubo yokuhlola umatshini wogcino lwamanzi ngeqondo eliphezulu lokuzisebenzela eTshayina. Ukuqulunqwa kwenkqubo yolawulo

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Ibhentshi yokuvavanya intloko yamanzi aphezulu iquka iimotor ezimbini zempompo ezinamandla angama-550KW kunye noluhlu lwesantya se-250 ~ 1100r / min, olukhawulezisa ukuhamba kwamanzi kumbhobho ukuya kwiimitha zentloko zamanzi ezifunwa ngumsebenzisi kwaye zigcine intloko yamanzi ihamba kakuhle. Iiparamitha zomgijimi zibekwe esweni yi-dynamometer. Amandla ombane we-dynamometer yi-500kW, isantya siphakathi kwe-300 ~ 2300r / min, kwaye kukho i-dynamometer enye kwizikhululo a kunye ne-B. Umgaqo webhentshi yokuvavanya umatshini we-hydraulic ephezulu uboniswe kuMzobo 1. Inkqubo idinga ukuba ukuchaneka kokulawulwa kweemoto kungaphantsi kwe-0.00 yeeyure kunye ne-MTBF ye-M5. Emva kophando oluninzi, inkqubo yolawulo lwesantya yeDCS500 eveliswe yinkampani * * * ikhethiwe. I-DCS500 inokufumana imiyalelo yolawulo ngeendlela ezimbini. Enye kukufumana imiqondiso eyi-4 ~ 20mA ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zesantya; Okwesibini kukongeza imodyuli yePROFIBUS DP ukufumana kwimodi yedijithali ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zesantya. Indlela yokuqala inokulawula okulula kunye nexabiso eliphantsi, kodwa iya kuphazamiseka ekuhanjisweni kwangoku kwaye ichaphazele ukuchaneka kokulawula; Nangona indlela yesibini iyabiza, inokuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwedatha kunye nokulawula ukuchaneka kwinkqubo yokuhambisa. Ke ngoko, inkqubo ithatha ezine DCS500 ukulawula dynamometers ezimbini kunye neenjini ezimbini impompo yamanzi ngokulandelelanayo. NjengePROFIBUS DP isikhululo samakhoboka, ezi zixhobo zine zinxibelelana ne-master station PLC kwimowudi yobukhoboka. I-PLC ilawula ukuqala / ukumisa kwe-dynamometer kunye ne-motor yepompo yamanzi, ihambisa isantya semoto ukuya kwi-DCS500 nge-PROFIBUS DP, kwaye ifumana imo ye-motor eqhubayo kunye neeparamitha kwi-DCS500.
I-PLC ikhetha imodyuli ye-afp37911 eveliswe yi-NAIS yaseYurophu njengesikhululo esikhulu, esixhasa iiprotocol ze-FMS kunye ne-DP ngexesha elifanayo. Imodyuli yisikhululo esikhulu se-FMS, esiqonda indlela yonxibelelwano oluphambili kunye ne-IPC kunye nenkqubo yokufumana idatha; Ikwayi-DP master station, eqonda unxibelelwano lwe-master-slave kunye ne-DCS500.
Zonke iiparameters ze-dynamometer ziya kuqokelelwa kwaye ziboniswe kwisikrini nge-VXI Bus Technology (ezinye iiparameters ziya kuqokelelwa yinkampani yeVXI). I-IPC idibanisa nenkqubo yokufumana idatha ngeFMS ukugqiba unxibelelwano. Ukubunjwa kwenkqubo yonke kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 2.

I-1.1 i-fieldbus I-PROFIBUS ngumgangatho owenziwe ziinkampani ze-13 kunye namaziko ophando lwezenzululwazi ezi-5 kwiprojekthi yophuhliso edibeneyo. Idweliswe kumgangatho waseYurophu en50170 kwaye yenye yemigangatho ye-industrial fieldbus ecetyiswayo e-China. Ibandakanya ezi fomu zilandelayo:
I-PROFIBUS FMS isombulula imisebenzi yonxibelelwano ngokubanzi kwinqanaba leworkshop, ibonelela ngenani elikhulu leenkonzo zonxibelelwano, kwaye igqibezela imisebenzi yonxibelelwano yomjikelo kunye nengeyobhayisekile ngesantya esiphakathi sothumelo. Imodyuli ye-Profibus ye-NAIS isekela izinga lonxibelelwano lwe-1.2mbps kwaye ayixhasi imo yonxibelelwano lomjikelo. Inokunxibelelana kuphela nezinye izikhululo eziphambili zeFMS ngokusebenzisa iMMA  non cyclic data transmission  master connection  kwaye imodyuli ayihambelani neFMS. Ke ngoko, ayinakusebenzisa kuphela uhlobo olunye lwePROFIBUS kuyilo lwesikimu.
I-PROFIBUS-DP  uqhagamshelwano olukhawulezayo oluphezulu nolufikelelekayo lonxibelelwano luyilelwe unxibelelwano phakathi kwenkqubo yolawulo oluzenzekelayo kunye nenqanaba lezixhobo ezinatyiselwe kwi-I / O. Phakathi kwe-NAIS kunye ne-a, msaz  non-cyclic data transmission
·PROFIBUS PA ▄ umgangatho wothungelwano olukhuselekileyo lwangaphakathi oluyilelwe ngokukodwa inkqubo yokuzenzekela ▄ iqonda iinkqubo zonxibelelwano ezichazwe ku-IEc1158-2 ▄ kumathuba aneemfuno eziphezulu zokhuseleko kunye nezikhululo eziqhutywa yibhasi. Uthungelwano olusetyenziswa kwinkqubo lubhedu olukhuselweyo olujijekileyo ▄ inkqubo yonxibelelwano yiRS485 kunye nezinga lonxibelelwano yi-500kbps. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-industrial fieldbus kunika isiqinisekiso sokhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kwenkqubo.

1.2 IPC ikhompyutha yokulawula ishishini
Ikhomputha yolawulo lwemizi-mveliso ephezulu yamkela i-Taiwan Advantech ikhompyutha yolawulo lwemizi-mveliso Yonke idatha ithunyelwa kwi-PLC nge-PROFIBUS. I-IPC ifakwe ngaphakathi ngekhadi lenethiwekhi ye-profiboard eveliswe yinkampani yaseJamani yokuthambisa, eyenzelwe ngokukodwa i-PROFIBUS. Ngokusebenzisa isoftware yoqwalaselo ebonelelwa ngokuthambisa, uthungelwano lunokugqityezelwa, ubudlelwane bonxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi Cr (unxibelelwano lonxibelelwano) kunye nesichazi-magama sento iOD (isichazi-magama sento) inokusekwa. I-WINCC iveliswa nguSiemens. Ixhasa kuphela uqhagamshelo oluthe ngqo kunye ne-S5 / S7 PLC yenkampani, kwaye inokunxibelelana kuphela nezinye ii-PLC ngetekhnoloji ye-DDE ebonelelwa ngeefestile. Inkampani ethambileyo ibonelela ngesoftware yeseva ye-DDE ukuqonda unxibelelwano lwePROFIBUS kunye neWinCC.

1.3 PLC
I-Fp10sh yenkampani ye-NAIS ikhethwe njenge-PLC.

Imisebenzi ye-2 yenkqubo yokulawula
Ukongeza ekulawuleni iimotor ezimbini zempompo yamanzi kunye ne-dynamometers ezimbini, inkqubo yokulawula ifuna ukulawula iivalve zombane ezingama-28, ii-motor ezi-4 zobunzima, ii-motor ezi-8 zempompo yeoli, ii-motor ezi-3 zempompo, ii-motor ezi-4 zempompo ye-oyile kunye ne-2 i-lubrication solenoid valves. Indlela yokuhamba kunye nokuhamba kwamanzi kulawulwa ngokutshintsha kweevalvu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zovavanyo lwabasebenzisi.

2.1 intloko rhoqo
Lungisa isantya sempompo yamanzi: yenza ukuba izinzile kwixabiso elithile, kwaye intloko yamanzi iqinisekile ngeli xesha; Lungisa isantya se-dynamometer kwixabiso elithile, kwaye uqokelele idatha efanelekileyo emva kokuba imeko yokusebenza izinzile kwi-2 ~ 4 imizuzu. Ngethuba lovavanyo, kuyafuneka ukugcina intloko yamanzi ingatshintshi. Idisk yekhowudi ifakwe kwi-motor yepompo yamanzi ukuqokelela isantya semoto, ukuze i-DCS500 yenze ulawulo oluvaliweyo. Isantya sempompo yamanzi sifakwe yi-IPC keyboard.

2.2 isantya esingaguqukiyo
Lungisa isantya se-dynamometer ukuze uzinze kwixabiso elithile. Ngeli xesha, isantya se-dynamometer sihlala sihlala; Lungisa isantya sempompo kwixabiso elithile (oko kukuthi lungisa intloko), kwaye uqokelele idatha efanelekileyo emva kokuba imeko yokusebenza izinzile kwi-2 ~ 4 imizuzu. I-DCS500 yenza i-loop evaliweyo yesantya se-dynamometer ukuzinzisa isantya se-dynamometer.

2.3 Uvavanyo lokubaleka
Lungisa isantya se-dynamometer kwixabiso elithile kwaye ugcine isantya se-dynamometer singatshintshi  ulungelelanise isantya sempompo yamanzi ukwenza i-torque ephumayo ye-dynamometer isondele kwi-zero (phantsi kwale meko yokusebenza, i-dynamometer isebenza ukuveliswa kwamandla kunye nokusebenza kombane), kwaye uqokelele idatha efanelekileyo. Ngexesha lovavanyo, isantya sempompo yamanzi siyafuneka ukuba sihlale singatshintshi kwaye sihlengahlengiswe yi-DCS500.

2.4 ulungelelwaniso lokuhamba
Inkqubo ixhotyiswe ngamatanki amabini okulungisa ukuqukuqela ukulinganisa i-flowmeter kwisistim. Phambi kokulungelelaniswa, jonga kuqala ixabiso lokuhamba eliphawulweyo, emva koko uqalise injini yempompo yamanzi kwaye ngokuqhubekayo uhlengahlengise isantya sempompo yamanzi. Ngeli xesha, nikela ingqalelo kwixabiso lokuhamba. Xa ixabiso lokuhamba lifikelela kwixabiso elifunekayo, zinzisa i-motor yepompo yamanzi kwisantya sangoku (ngeli xesha, amanzi ajikeleza kumbhobho wokulinganisa). Cwangcisa ixesha lokutshintsha kwe-deflector. Emva kokuba imeko yokusebenza izinzile, vula i-valve ye-solenoid, qalisa ixesha, kwaye utshintshe amanzi kumbhobho kwi-tank yokulungisa ngexesha elifanayo. Xa ixesha lexesha liphelile, ivalve ye-solenoid iyanqanyulwa. Ngeli xesha, amanzi atshintshelwa kumbhobho wokulinganisa kwakhona. Nciphisa isantya semoto yempompo yamanzi, uzinzise kwisantya esithile, kwaye ufunde idatha efanelekileyo. Emva koko khupha amanzi kwaye ulungelelanise inqaku elilandelayo.

2.5 Ukutshintsha okuzenzekelayo okungaphazanyiswa
Ukuze kube lula ukugcinwa kunye nokulungiswa kwenkqubo, ikhibhodi ye-manual yenzelwe inkqubo. Umsebenzisi unokulawula isenzo sevalve ngokuzimeleyo ngebhodibhodi, enganyanzelwanga ngokuvala. Inkqubo ithatha imodyuli ye-NAIS ekude ye-I / O, enokwenza ukuba ikhibhodi isebenze kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Ngexesha lokutshintsha kwe-manual / ngokuzenzekelayo, i-valve state ihlala ingatshintshi.
Inkqubo ithatha i-PLC njengomlawuli oyintloko, eyenza inkqubo ibe lula kwaye iqinisekise ukuthembeka okuphezulu kunye nokugcinwa lula kwenkqubo; I-PROFIBUS iqonda ukuhanjiswa kwedatha epheleleyo, inqanda ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic, kwaye yenza inkqubo ihlangabezane neemfuno ezichanekileyo zoyilo; Ukwabelana ngedatha phakathi kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo kuyenziwa; Ukuguquguquka kwePROFIBUS kubonelela ngeemeko ezifanelekileyo zokwandiswa kwenkqubo. Iskimu soyilo lwenkqubo kunye ne-industrial fieldbus njengoko ingundoqo iya kuba yeyona nto isetyenziswayo kwimizi-mveliso.


Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-17-2022

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