I-turbine ye-reaction ingahlulwahlulwa ibe yi-Francis turbine, i-axial turbine, i-diagonal turbine kunye ne-tubular turbine. Kwi-turbine kaFrancis, amanzi ahamba nge-radially ukuya kwi-water guide mechanism aze aphume nge-axial kwi-runner; Kwi-turbine ye-axial flow, amanzi ahamba nge-guide vane radially aze angene kwaye aphume kwi-runner axial; Kwi-turbine ye-diagonal flow, amanzi ahamba nge-guide vane radially aze angene kwi-runner kwicala elithambekele kwi-engile ethile ye-main shaft, okanye kwi-guide vane kunye ne-runner kwicala elithambekele kwi-main shaft; Kwi-turbine ye-tubular, amanzi ahamba nge-guide vane kunye ne-runner kwicala elithambekele kwi-axial. I-turbine ye-axial flow, i-tubular turbine kunye ne-diagonal flow turbine nazo zingahlulwa zibe yi-fixed propeller type kunye ne-rotary propeller type ngokwesakhiwo sazo. Ii-fixed paddle runner blades zizinzile; I-rotor blade yohlobo lwe-propeller inokujikeleza i-blade shaft ngexesha lokusebenza ukuze ivumelane notshintsho lwentloko yamanzi kunye nomthwalo.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zee-reactive turbines zixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokungena kwamanzi. Izixhobo zokungena kwamanzi zee-turbine ezinkulu neziphakathi ezithe nkqo ze-vertical shaft reaction turbines zihlala zenziwe nge-volute, i-fixed guide vane kunye ne-movable guide vane. Umsebenzi we-volute kukusasaza ngokulinganayo ukuhamba kwamanzi ujikeleze i-runner. Xa intloko yamanzi ingaphantsi kwe-40m, i-spiral case ye-hydraulic turbine idla ngokuphoswa ngekhonkrithi eqinisiweyo kwindawo leyo; Xa intloko yamanzi ingaphezulu kwe-40m, i-metal spiral case ye-butt welding okanye i-integral casting idla ngokusetyenziswa.
Kwi-response turbine, ukuhamba kwamanzi kuzalisa yonke i-runner channel, kwaye zonke iiblades zichaphazeleka kukuhamba kwamanzi ngaxeshanye. Ke ngoko, phantsi kwentloko enye, ububanzi be-runner buncinci kunobo be-impulse turbine. Ukusebenza kwazo kuphezulu kunokwe-impulse turbine, kodwa xa umthwalo utshintsha, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-turbine kuchaphazeleka ngokwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo.
Zonke ii-turbines ze-reaction zixhotyiswe ngee-draft tubes, ezisetyenziselwa ukubuyisela amandla e-kinetic okuhamba kwamanzi kwindawo yokuphuma kwe-runner; Ukukhupha amanzi asezantsi; Xa indawo yokufakela ye-runner iphezulu kunenqanaba lamanzi asezantsi, la mandla anokubakho aguqulwa abe ngamandla oxinzelelo ukuze abuyiselwe. Kwi-hydraulic turbine enentloko ephantsi kunye nokuhamba okukhulu, amandla e-outlet kinetic energy ye-runner makhulu, kwaye ukusebenza kokubuyisela kwe-draft tube kunempembelelo enkulu ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwe-hydraulic turbine.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-11-2022
