I-turbine yokusabela ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-Francis turbine, i-axial turbine, i-diagonal turbine kanye ne-tubular turbine. Ku-Francis turbine, amanzi ageleza nge-radially aye ku-water guide mechanism futhi aphume nge-axial kumgijimi; Ku-axial flow turbine, amanzi ageleza aye ku-guide vane nge-radially futhi angene futhi aphume kumgijimi nge-axial; Ku-diagonal flow turbine, amanzi ageleza aye ku-guide vane nge-radially futhi angene kumgijimi ngendlela ethambekele ekhoneni elithile lomshaft oyinhloko, noma aye ku-guide vane kanye nomgijimi ngendlela ethambekele emshaft oyinhloko; Ku-turbine ye-tubular, amanzi ageleza aye ku-guide vane kanye nomgijimi ngendlela ethambekele emshaft oyinhloko. I-Axial flow turbine, i-tubular turbine kanye ne-diagonal flow turbine nazo zingahlukaniswa zibe uhlobo lwe-propeller oluhleliwe kanye nohlobo lwe-propeller olujikelezayo ngokwesakhiwo sazo. Ama-fixed paddle runner blades aqinile aqinile; I-rotor blade yohlobo lwe-propeller ingajikeleza umshaft we-blade ngesikhathi sokusebenza ukuze ivumelane nezinguquko zekhanda lamanzi kanye nomthwalo.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-reactive turbines zihlonyiswe ngamadivayisi okungena kwamanzi. Amadivayisi okungena kwamanzi ama-turbine amakhulu naphakathi nendawo aqondile ngokuvamile akhiwa yi-volute, i-fixed guide vane kanye ne-movable guide vane. Umsebenzi we-volute ukusabalalisa ngokulinganayo ukugeleza kwamanzi nxazonke kwe-runner. Lapho ikhanda lamanzi lingaphansi kwamamitha angu-40, icala elijikelezayo le-hydraulic turbine livame ukuphonswa ngokhonkolo oqinisiwe endaweni; Lapho ikhanda lamanzi liphakeme kunamamitha angu-40, icala elijikelezayo lensimbi lokushisela i-butt noma i-integral casting livame ukusetshenziswa.
Ku-turbine yokusabela, ukugeleza kwamanzi kugcwalisa yonke isiteshi sokugijima, futhi wonke ama-blade athintwa ukugeleza kwamanzi ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphansi kwekhanda elifanayo, ububanzi bokugijima buncane kunobe-turbine yokucindezela. Ukusebenza kahle kwabo nakho kuphakeme kunokwe-turbine yokucindezela, kodwa lapho umthwalo ushintsha, ukusebenza kahle kwe-turbine kuthinteka ngamazinga ahlukahlukene.
Zonke izinjini zokusabela zihlonyiswe ngamapayipi okudonsa amanzi, asetshenziselwa ukubuyisa amandla e-kinetic okugeleza kwamanzi endaweni yokudonsa amanzi; Ukukhipha amanzi phansi komfula; Uma indawo yokufaka yomgijimi iphakeme kunezinga lamanzi aphansi komfula, la mandla angase abe amandla aguqulwa abe amandla okucindezela ukuze alulame. Kwi-turbine ye-hydraulic enekhanda eliphansi kanye nokugeleza okukhulu, amandla e-kinetic okuphuma komgijimi makhulu kakhulu, futhi ukusebenza kokubuyisa kwe-tube yokudonsa amanzi kunomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kahle kwe-turbine ye-hydraulic.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-11-2022
