Generator Flywheel Cov Nyhuv thiab Kev Ruaj Ntseg ntawm turbine Governor SystemGenerator Flywheel Cov Nyhuv thiab Kev Ruaj Ntseg ntawm turbine Governor SystemGenerator Flywheel Cov Nyhuv thiab Kev Ruaj Ntseg ntawm turbine Governor SystemGenerator Flywheel Cov Nyhuv thiab Kev Ruaj Ntseg ntawm turbine Governor System
Cov tshuab hluav taws xob hydro niaj hnub loj muaj qhov tsis sib xws me dua thiab tej zaum yuav ntsib teeb meem txog kev ruaj khov ntawm lub tshuab tswj hwm turbine. Qhov no yog vim tus cwj pwm ntawm cov dej turbine, uas vim nws qhov inertia ua rau dej hammer hauv cov kav dej siab thaum cov khoom siv tswj hwm ua haujlwm. Qhov no feem ntau yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm lub sijhawm hydraulic acceleration. Hauv kev ua haujlwm cais tawm, thaum zaus ntawm tag nrho lub kaw lus raug txiav txim siab los ntawm tus tswv xeev turbine, dej hammer cuam tshuam rau kev tswj hwm qhov ceev thiab kev tsis ruaj khov tshwm sim zoo li kev yos hav zoov lossis zaus swinging. Rau kev ua haujlwm sib txuas nrog lub kaw lus loj, zaus yog qhov tseem ceeb tuav tas li los ntawm tom qab. Dej hammer ces cuam tshuam rau lub zog pub rau lub kaw lus thiab teeb meem ruaj khov tsuas yog tshwm sim thaum lub zog raug tswj hwm hauv lub voj voog kaw, piv txwv li, thaum cov tshuab hluav taws xob hydro uas koom nrog kev tswj hwm zaus.
Qhov ruaj khov ntawm lub iav turbine governor raug cuam tshuam loj heev los ntawm qhov piv ntawm lub sijhawm ua kom nrawm nrawm vim yog lub sijhawm ua kom nrawm nrawm ntawm cov dej thiab los ntawm qhov nce ntawm lub governor. Kev txo qis ntawm qhov piv saum toj no muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsis ruaj khov thiab yuav tsum tau txo qis ntawm lub governor gain, uas cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau qhov ruaj khov zaus. Yog li ntawd, qhov cuam tshuam tsawg kawg nkaus rau lub flywheel rau qhov tig ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog qhov tsim nyog uas feem ntau tsuas yog muab tau hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Xwb, lub sijhawm ua kom nrawm nrawm tuaj yeem txo tau los ntawm kev muab lub qhov cua tso pa tawm lossis lub tank dej ntws, thiab lwm yam, tab sis feem ntau nws kim heev. Ib qho kev ntsuas rau kev tswj hwm qhov ceev ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob tuaj yeem raws li qhov nce ceev ntawm lub tshuab uas yuav tshwm sim ntawm kev tsis lees txais tag nrho cov khoom thauj ntawm lub tshuab ua haujlwm ywj pheej. Rau cov tshuab hluav taws xob ua haujlwm hauv cov kab ke loj sib txuas thiab uas yuav tsum tau tswj hwm qhov zaus ntawm lub tshuab, feem pua ntawm qhov nce ceev raws li tau suav saum toj no tau suav tias tsis pub tshaj 45 feem pua. Rau cov kab ke me me, qhov nce ceev me dua yuav tsum muab (Saib Tshooj 4).
Ntu ntev ntawm qhov nkag mus rau Dehar Power Plant
(Tau los ntawm: Daim Ntawv los ntawm Tus Sau - Lub Rooj Sib Tham Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 2, Lub Koom Haum Thoob Ntiaj Teb Txog Cov Khoom Siv Dej Xyoo 1979) Rau Dehar Fais Fab, lub kaw lus dej siab hydraulic txuas lub chaw cia khoom sib npaug nrog lub chaw fais fab uas muaj cov dej haus, qhov av siab, lub tank sib txawv thiab lub qhov dej tau pom. Txwv qhov siab tshaj plaws nce hauv lub qhov dej mus rau 35 feem pua, qhov kwv yees qhov siab tshaj plaws nce ntawm lub tshuab thaum tsis lees txais tag nrho cov khoom thauj tau ua haujlwm mus txog li 45 feem pua nrog tus tswv xeev kaw.
lub sijhawm ntawm 9.1 vib nas this ntawm lub taub hau ntsuas ntawm 282 m (925 ft) nrog rau qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub flywheel ib txwm ntawm cov khoom tig ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob (piv txwv li, kho rau qhov kub nce siab xwb). Hauv theem thawj zaug ntawm kev ua haujlwm qhov nce ceev tau pom tias tsis pub ntau tshaj 43 feem pua. Yog li ntawd, nws tau txiav txim siab tias qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub flywheel ib txwm muaj txaus rau kev tswj hwm zaus ntawm lub kaw lus.
Cov Qauv Tsim Khoom thiab Kev Ruaj Ntseg Hluav Taws Xob
Cov kev teeb tsa ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob uas muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev ruaj khov yog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub flywheel, transient reactance thiab luv luv circuit ratio. Thaum pib ntawm kev tsim 420 kV EHV system raws li ntawm Dehar cov teeb meem ntawm kev ruaj khov yuav tseem ceeb vim yog lub kaw lus tsis muaj zog, qis dua luv luv circuit, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub zog tseem ceeb, thiab xav tau kev txuag nyiaj hauv kev muab cov qhov hluav taws xob xa tawm thiab kho qhov loj me thiab cov kev teeb tsa ntawm cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob. Kev tshawb fawb txog kev ruaj khov transient ua ntej ntawm lub network analyzer (siv qhov hluav taws xob tas li tom qab transient reactance) rau Dehar EHV system kuj qhia tias tsuas yog marginal stability yuav tau txais. Thaum pib ntawm kev tsim ntawm Dehar Power Plant nws tau xav tias kev teev cov generators nrog ib txwm muaj
cov yam ntxwv thiab ua tiav cov kev xav tau ntawm kev ruaj khov los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua cov kev cai ntawm lwm yam tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov ntawm lub kaw lus excitation yuav pheej yig dua lwm txoj hauv kev. Hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm British System kuj tau pom tias kev hloov pauv cov kev cai generator muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsawg dua rau cov npoo ruaj khov. Yog li ntawd, cov kev cai generator ib txwm muaj raws li tau muab rau hauv cov ntawv ntxiv tau teev tseg rau lub generator. Cov kev tshawb fawb txog kev ruaj khov ntxaws ntxaws tau muab
Kev Them Nqi Kab thiab Kev Ruaj Ntseg Voltage
Cov tshuab hluav taws xob hydro uas nyob deb siv los them cov kab EHV ntev uas tsis muaj roj teeb uas them kVA ntau dua li lub peev xwm them kab ntawm lub tshuab, lub tshuab yuav ua rau tus kheej zoo siab thiab qhov hluav taws xob nce siab dhau qhov kev tswj hwm. Cov xwm txheej rau tus kheej zoo siab yog tias xc < xd qhov twg, xc yog capacitive load reactance thiab xd qhov synchronous direct axis reactance. Lub peev xwm xav tau rau kev them ib kab 420 kV tsis muaj roj teeb E2 /xc mus txog Panipat (qhov kawg txais) yog li 150 MVARs ntawm qhov hluav taws xob ntsuas. Hauv theem thib ob thaum kab thib ob 420 kV ntawm qhov ntev sib npaug raug ntsia, lub peev xwm them kab uas xav tau los them ob kab tsis muaj roj teeb tib lub sijhawm ntawm qhov hluav taws xob ntsuas yuav yog li 300 MVARs.
Lub peev xwm them kab muaj nyob rau ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob los ntawm Dehar generator raws li cov neeg muag khoom ntawm cov khoom siv tau hais raws li nram no:
(i) 70 feem pua ntawm MVA ntsuas, piv txwv li, 121.8 MVAR kab them tau nrog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus zoo excitation ntawm 10 feem pua.
(ii) Txog li 87 feem pua ntawm MVA ntsuas, piv txwv li, 139 MVAR kab them peev xwm ua tau nrog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus zoo excitation ntawm 1 feem pua.
(iii) Txog li 100 feem pua ntawm rated MVAR, piv txwv li, 173.8 kab them peev xwm tuaj yeem tau txais nrog kwv yees li 5 feem pua tsis zoo excitation thiab siab tshaj plaws kab them peev xwm uas tuaj yeem tau txais nrog negative excitation ntawm 10 feem pua yog 110 feem pua ntawm rated MVA (191 MVAR) raws li BSS.
(iv) Kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov peev xwm them kab tsuas yog ua tau los ntawm kev nce qhov loj ntawm lub tshuab. Hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm (ii) thiab (iii) kev tswj hwm tes ntawm kev txhawb nqa tsis ua tau thiab yuav tsum tau tso siab rau kev ua haujlwm tas mus li ntawm cov tswj hwm hluav taws xob ceev ceev. Nws tsis yog qhov ua tau zoo hauv kev lag luam thiab tsis xav tau kom nce qhov loj ntawm lub tshuab rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev nce cov peev xwm them kab. Yog li ntawd, kev xav txog cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm hauv thawj theem ntawm kev ua haujlwm, nws tau txiav txim siab los muab rau lub peev xwm them kab ntawm 191 MVARs ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob rau cov generators los ntawm kev muab kev txhawb nqa tsis zoo rau cov generators. Cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ua rau tsis ruaj khov hluav taws xob kuj tseem yuav tshwm sim los ntawm kev txiav tawm ntawm qhov kawg tau txais. Qhov xwm txheej tshwm sim vim yog kev thauj khoom capacitive ntawm lub tshuab uas cuam tshuam ntxiv los ntawm kev nce ceev ntawm lub generator. Kev txhawb nqa tus kheej thiab tsis ruaj khov hluav taws xob yuav tshwm sim yog tias.
Xc ≤ n2 (Xq + XT)
Qhov twg, Xc yog capacitive load reactance, Xq yog quadrature axis synchronous reactance thiab n yog qhov siab tshaj plaws piv rau qhov ceev uas tshwm sim ntawm load rejection. Qhov xwm txheej no ntawm Dehar generator tau raug pom zoo kom tsis txhob muaj los ntawm kev muab lub tshuab hluav taws xob 400 kV EHV shunt reactor (75 MVA) txuas tas mus li ntawm qhov kawg ntawm kab raws li kev tshawb fawb ntxaws ntxaws.
Kev sib txuas ntawm lub damper
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub damper winding yog nws lub peev xwm los tiv thaiv kev overvoltages ntau dhau thaum muaj kab mus rau kab ua txhaum nrog cov khoom siv capacitive, yog li txo qhov kev ntxhov siab overvoltage ntawm cov khoom siv. Xav txog qhov chaw nyob deb thiab cov kab sib txuas ntev txuas nrog cov damper windings nrog qhov piv ntawm quadrature thiab direct axis reactances Xnq / Xnd tsis pub tshaj 1.2 tau teev tseg.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm Generator thiab Excitation System
Cov tshuab hluav taws xob uas muaj cov yam ntxwv ib txwm muaj tau teev tseg thiab kev tshawb fawb ua ntej tsuas yog qhia txog kev ruaj khov me ntsis xwb, nws tau txiav txim siab tias cov khoom siv ua kom muaj zog ceev ceev yuav tsum siv los txhim kho cov npoo ruaj khov kom ua tiav qhov kev npaj khoom siv pheej yig tshaj plaws. Kev tshawb fawb ntxaws ntxaws tau ua tiav los txiav txim siab txog cov yam ntxwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv ua kom muaj zog thiab tau tham hauv tshooj 10.
Kev Xav Txog Av Qeeg
Lub Hoobkas Fais Fab Dehar poob rau hauv thaj chaw muaj av qeeg. Cov kev cai hauv kev tsim lub tshuab hluav taws xob hydro ntawm Dehar tau raug thov los ntawm kev sib tham nrog cov chaw tsim khoom siv thiab xav txog cov xwm txheej av qeeg thiab geological ntawm qhov chaw thiab daim ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm Koyna Av Qeeg Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Tshawb Fawb uas tau tsim los ntawm Tsoomfwv Is Nrias teb nrog kev pab los ntawm UNESCO.
Lub Zog Kho Tshuab
Cov tshuab hluav taws xob Dehar yuav tsum tsim los kom tiv taus qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm av qeeg uas yuav tshwm sim hauv ob qho tib si ntsug thiab kab rov tav uas Dehar ua haujlwm hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub tshuab.
Zaus Ntuj
Lub zaus ntuj tsim ntawm lub tshuab yuav tsum khaws cia kom deb (siab dua) ntawm lub zaus sib nqus ntawm 100 Hz (ob npaug ntawm lub zog tsim hluav taws xob). Lub zaus ntuj tsim no yuav nyob deb ntawm lub zaus av qeeg thiab yuav tsum kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj qhov sib txawv txaus rau lub zaus tseem ceeb ntawm av qeeg thiab qhov ceev tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev tig.
Kev txhawb nqa stator ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob stator thiab lub hauv paus qis dua thiab cov kabmob coj ua ke muaj ntau lub phaj hauv qab. Cov phaj hauv qab yuav tsum khi rau lub hauv paus sab nraud ntxiv rau qhov kev taw qhia ntsug ib txwm los ntawm cov ntsia hlau hauv paus.
Kev Tsim Qauv Bearing
Cov kabmob coj yuav tsum yog hom segmental thiab cov khoom coj yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj zog kom tiv taus tag nrho lub zog av qeeg. Cov chaw tsim khoom kuj tseem pom zoo kom khi lub bracket sab saud nrog lub thoob (generator enclosure) los ntawm kev siv cov hlau girders. Qhov no kuj txhais tau tias lub thoob pob zeb yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj zog.
Kev Tshawb Pom Kev Co ntawm Cov Generators
Yuav tsum tau teeb tsa cov khoom siv ntsuas kev co lossis cov ntsuas eccentricity rau ntawm cov turbine thiab cov generators kom pib kaw thiab ceeb toom yog tias qhov kev co vim yog av qeeg tshaj qhov nqi uas tau teem tseg. Cov khoom siv no kuj tseem siv tau los ntes cov kev co tsis zoo ntawm lub tshuab vim yog cov xwm txheej hydraulic cuam tshuam rau lub turbine.
Cov Neeg Sib Txuas Lus Mercury
Yog tias siv cov khoom siv mercury los tiv thaiv kev co, kev co loj heev vim yog av qeeg yuav ua rau lub tshuab tsis ua haujlwm zoo. Qhov no yuav zam tau los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv mercury uas tiv thaiv kev co lossis yog tias tsim nyog los ntawm kev ntxiv cov relays teem sijhawm.
Cov Lus Xaus
(1) Kev txuag nyiaj ntau ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov qauv ntawm Dehar Power Plant tau txais los ntawm kev siv cov khoom loj loj los saib xyuas qhov loj ntawm lub grid thiab nws cov kev cuam tshuam rau lub peev xwm seem ntawm lub system.
(2) Tus nqi ntawm cov generators tau txo los ntawm kev siv lub kaus mom tsim ntawm kev tsim kho uas tam sim no ua tau rau cov hydro generators loj ceev ceev vim yog kev tsim cov hlau tensile siab rau rotor rim punchings.
(3) Kev yuav cov tshuab hluav taws xob muaj zog ntau tom qab kev tshawb fawb ntxaws ntxaws ua rau txuag tau nyiaj ntxiv.
(4) Cov nyhuv flywheel ib txwm muaj ntawm cov khoom tig ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntawm qhov chaw tswj zaus ntawm Dehar tau suav tias txaus rau kev ruaj khov ntawm lub tshuab turbine governor vim yog lub kaw lus loj sib txuas.
(5) Cov kev cai tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob nyob deb uas pub rau EHV tes hauj lwm kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev ruaj khov ntawm hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm cov txheej txheem teb sai sai.
(6) Cov txheej txheem ua kom muaj zog sai sai tuaj yeem muab cov npoo ruaj khov tsim nyog. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem zoo li no xav tau cov teeb liab rov qab los kom ruaj khov tom qab ua txhaum. Yuav tsum tau ua kev tshawb fawb kom ntxaws.
(7) Kev ua kom tus kheej thiab qhov tsis ruaj khov ntawm cov hluav taws xob ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob nyob deb uas txuas nrog lub grid los ntawm cov kab EHV ntev tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau los ntawm kev nce lub peev xwm them kab ntawm lub tshuab los ntawm kev siv qhov tsis zoo thiab / lossis los ntawm kev siv cov reactors EHV shunt txuas tas mus li.
(8) Cov kev npaj yuav ua tau hauv kev tsim cov generators thiab nws lub hauv paus los muab kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv cov av qeeg ntawm tus nqi me me.
Cov Txheej Txheem Tseem Ceeb ntawm Dehar Generators
Qhov sib piv ntawm luv luv Circuit Court = 1.06
Transient Reactance Direct Axis = 0.2
Cov nyhuv ntawm lub log tsheb = 39.5 x 106 lb ft2
Xnq/Xnd tsis loj dua = 1.2
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Tsib Hlis-11-2021
