Tasirin Injin Jirgin Sama da Kwanciyar Injin Jirgin Sama Tsarin Injin Jirgin Sama Tasirin Injin Jirgin Sama da Kwanciyar Injin Jirgin Sama Tsarin Injin Jirgin Sama Tasirin Injin Jirgin Sama da Kwanciyar Injin Jirgin Sama Tsarin Injin Jirgin Sama Tasirin Injin Jirgin Sama Tsarin Injin Jirgin Sama Tasirin Injin Jirgin Sama da Kwanciyar Injin Jirgin Sama Tsarin Injin Jirgin Sama
Manyan janareto na zamani na ruwa suna da ƙananan inertia constant kuma suna iya fuskantar matsaloli game da kwanciyar hankali na tsarin sarrafa turbine. Wannan ya faru ne saboda halayen ruwan turbine, wanda saboda rashin ƙarfinsa yana haifar da guduma ruwa a cikin bututun matsi lokacin da ake aiki da na'urorin sarrafawa. Wannan gabaɗaya yana da alaƙa da ma'aunin saurin hawan ruwa na hydraulic. A cikin aiki na keɓancewa, lokacin da mai kula da turbine ya ƙayyade mitar dukkan tsarin, guduma ruwa yana shafar saurin gudanarwa kuma rashin kwanciyar hankali yana bayyana kamar farauta ko juyawar mita. Don aiki tare da babban tsarin, mitar tana riƙe da daidaito ta hanyar na baya. Gumakan ruwa sannan yana shafar wutar da aka ciyar da tsarin kuma matsalar kwanciyar hankali tana tasowa ne kawai lokacin da aka sarrafa wutar a cikin madauki mai rufewa, watau, idan waɗannan janareton ruwa waɗanda ke shiga cikin daidaita mita.
Kwanciyar kayan aikin injin turbine yana da matuƙar tasiri saboda rabon daidaitaccen lokacin hanzarta injin saboda daidaiton lokacin hanzarta hydraulic na ruwa da kuma ribar gwamna. Rage rabon da ke sama yana da tasirin da ke haifar da rashin kwanciyar hankali kuma yana buƙatar rage ribar gwamna, wanda hakan ke shafar daidaiton mita. Saboda haka, ana buƙatar ƙaramin tasirin tashi don sassan juyawa na na'urar ruwa wanda yawanci ana iya samar da shi ne kawai a cikin janareta. A madadin haka, daidaitaccen lokacin hanzarta injiniya na iya raguwa ta hanyar samar da bawul mai rage matsin lamba ko tankin hawan jini, da sauransu, amma gabaɗaya yana da tsada sosai. Sharuɗɗan gwaji don ikon daidaita saurin na'urar samar da ruwa na iya dogara ne akan hauhawar saurin na'urar wanda zai iya faruwa idan aka ƙi dukkan nauyin da aka ƙima na na'urar da ke aiki daban-daban. Ga na'urorin wutar lantarki da ke aiki a cikin manyan tsarin haɗin gwiwa kuma waɗanda ake buƙata don daidaita mitar tsarin, an yi la'akari da cewa kashi-kashi na karuwar saurin kamar yadda aka lissafa a sama bai wuce kashi 45 ba. Ga ƙananan tsarin, a samar da ƙaramin ƙaruwar gudu (Duba Babi na 4).
Sashen dogon zango daga wurin shan magani zuwa Cibiyar Wutar Lantarki ta Dehar
(Tushe: Takarda daga Marubuci – 2nd World Congress, International Water Resources Association 1979) Ga Dehar Power Plant, an nuna tsarin ruwan matsi na hydraulic wanda ke haɗa wurin ajiya mai daidaitawa da na'urar wutar lantarki wanda ya ƙunshi shan ruwa, ramin matsin lamba, tankin ƙaruwar bambanci da kuma penstock. An ƙayyade matsakaicin ƙaruwar matsin lamba a cikin penstocks zuwa kashi 35 cikin ɗari na ƙimar ƙaruwar saurin na'urar bayan an ƙi cikakken lodi ya kai kusan kashi 45 cikin ɗari tare da rufewar gwamna.
lokacin daƙiƙa 9.1 a kan ma'aunin mita 282 (ƙafa 925) tare da tasirin ƙafafun tashi na yau da kullun na sassan juyawa na janareta (watau, an daidaita shi bisa la'akari da hauhawar zafin jiki kawai). A matakin farko na aiki, an gano cewa ƙaruwar saurin bai wuce kashi 43 cikin ɗari ba. Saboda haka, an yi la'akari da cewa tasirin ƙafafun tashi na yau da kullun ya isa don daidaita mitar tsarin.
Sigogin Janareta da Kwanciyar Hankali na Lantarki
Sigogin janareta waɗanda ke da tasiri ga daidaito sune tasirin tashi, amsawar wucin gadi da rabon da'ira. A matakin farko na haɓaka tsarin EHV na 420 kV kamar yadda yake a Dehar, matsalolin kwanciyar hankali suna da mahimmanci saboda raunin tsarin, ƙarancin matakin da'ira na gajere, aiki a babban abin da ke haifar da wutar lantarki, da buƙatar tattalin arziki wajen samar da hanyoyin watsawa da kuma girman gyara da sigogi na na'urorin samar da wutar lantarki. Nazarin kwanciyar hankali na wucin gadi na farko kan na'urar nazarin hanyar sadarwa (ta amfani da ƙarfin lantarki mai ɗorewa a bayan amsawar wucin gadi) don tsarin Dehar EHV sun kuma nuna cewa kwanciyar hankali na gefe kawai za a samu. A farkon matakin ƙira na Kamfanin Wutar Lantarki na Dehar, an yi la'akari da cewa ƙayyade janareta tare da al'ada
Halaye da cimma buƙatun kwanciyar hankali ta hanyar inganta sigogi na wasu abubuwan da suka shafi musamman na tsarin motsa jiki zai zama madadin tattalin arziki mai rahusa. A cikin wani bincike na Tsarin Burtaniya kuma, an nuna cewa canza sigogin janareta ba shi da tasiri sosai akan iyakokin kwanciyar hankali. Saboda haka, an ƙayyade sigogin janareta na yau da kullun kamar yadda aka bayar a cikin ƙarin bayani ga janareta. An ba da cikakken nazarin kwanciyar hankali da aka gudanar.
Ƙarfin Cajin Layi da Kwanciyar Hankali
Injinan samar da wutar lantarki da ke nesa da ake amfani da su wajen cajin layukan EHV masu tsayi waɗanda ke caji waɗanda kVA na caji ya fi ƙarfin caji na injin, injin na iya yin farin ciki da kansa kuma ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya tashi fiye da yadda ake iya sarrafawa. Sharaɗin tayar da hankali shine cewa xc < xd inda, xc shine amsawar nauyin capacitive da xd amsawar kai tsaye ta synchronous. Ƙarfin da ake buƙata don caji layin E2 / xc guda ɗaya da aka sauke 420 kV har zuwa Panipat (ƙarshen karɓa) ya kasance kusan MVARs 150 a ƙarfin wutar lantarki da aka ƙima. A mataki na biyu lokacin da aka sanya layin 420 kV na biyu mai tsayi iri ɗaya, ƙarfin cajin layin da ake buƙata don cajin layukan da aka sauke a lokaci guda a ƙarfin wutar lantarki da aka ƙima zai kasance kusan MVARs 300.
Ƙarfin caji na layin da ake samu a ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙima daga janareta na Dehar kamar yadda masu samar da kayan aikin suka faɗa sune kamar haka:
(i) Kashi 70 cikin ɗari na MVA da aka kimanta, watau, caji na layin MVAR 121.8 yana yiwuwa tare da ƙaramin abin ƙarfafawa mai kyau na kashi 10 cikin ɗari.
(ii) Har zuwa kashi 87 cikin 100 na MVA mai ƙima, watau, ƙarfin caji na layin MVAR 139 yana yiwuwa tare da ƙaramin abin ƙarfafawa mai kyau na kashi 1 cikin 100.
(iii) Har zuwa kashi 100 cikin 100 na MVAR da aka ƙididdige, watau, ana iya samun ƙarfin caji na layi 173.8 tare da kusan kashi 5 cikin 100 na motsin rai mara kyau, kuma matsakaicin ƙarfin caji na layi wanda za a iya samu tare da motsin rai mara kyau na kashi 10 cikin 100 shine kashi 110 cikin 100 na MVA da aka ƙididdige (191 MVAR) bisa ga BSS.
(iv) Ƙara ƙarfin caji na layi yana yiwuwa ne kawai ta hanyar ƙara girman injin. A yanayin (ii) da (iii) ikon sarrafa motsin hannu ba zai yiwu ba kuma dole ne a dogara da cikakken aiki na masu kula da wutar lantarki ta atomatik masu aiki da sauri. Ba zai yiwu a tattalin arziki ko kuma a so a ƙara girman injin don manufar ƙara ƙarfin caji na layi ba. Saboda haka, idan aka yi la'akari da yanayin aiki a matakin farko na aiki, an yanke shawarar samar da ƙarfin caji na layi na MVARs 191 a ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙima ga janareto ta hanyar samar da motsin rai mara kyau ga janareto. Yanayi mai mahimmanci wanda ke haifar da rashin kwanciyar hankali na wutar lantarki na iya faruwa ta hanyar katse kaya a ƙarshen karɓa. Wannan lamari yana faruwa ne saboda ɗorawa mai ƙarfi akan injin wanda ke ƙara shafar haɓakar saurin janareto. Rashin kwanciyar hankali na kai da ƙarfin lantarki na iya faruwa idan.
Xc ≤ n2 (Xq + XT)
Inda, Xc shine amsawar nauyin capacitive, Xq shine amsawar synchronous axis quadrature kuma n shine matsakaicin kusanci akan saurin da ke faruwa lokacin da aka ƙi load. An gabatar da shawarar kawar da wannan yanayin akan janareta na Dehar ta hanyar samar da reactor shunt 400 kV EHV (75 MVA) da aka haɗa har abada a ƙarshen layin kamar yadda aka gudanar da cikakken bincike.
Nadawa damper
Babban aikin na'urar naɗa damper shine ikonta na hana wuce gona da iri na wutar lantarki idan akwai lahani a layi zuwa layi tare da nauyin capacitive, ta haka ne rage matsin lamba akan kayan aiki. Idan aka yi la'akari da wurin da ke nesa da kuma dogayen layukan watsawa masu haɗa damper tare da rabon quadrature da reactances kai tsaye, an ƙayyade Xnq/Xnd wanda bai wuce 1.2 ba.
Tsarin Halayya da Ƙarfafawa na Janareta
Bayan an ƙayyade janareto masu halaye na yau da kullun kuma binciken farko ya nuna kwanciyar hankali kaɗan, an yanke shawarar cewa a yi amfani da kayan aikin motsa jiki masu sauri don inganta ribar kwanciyar hankali don cimma daidaiton kayan aiki mafi araha. An gudanar da cikakken bincike don tantance mafi kyawun halayen kayan aikin motsa jiki masu tsauri kuma an tattauna a babi na 10.
La'akari da Girgizar Ƙasa
Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Dehar ta faɗi a yankin girgizar ƙasa. An gabatar da shawarwari kan tsarin samar da wutar lantarki a Dehar tare da yin shawarwari da masana'antun kayan aiki da kuma la'akari da yanayin girgizar ƙasa da yanayin ƙasa a wurin da kuma rahoton Kwamitin Masana Girgizar Ƙasa na Koyna wanda Gwamnatin Indiya ta kafa tare da taimakon UNESCO.
Ƙarfin Inji
An ƙera janareton Dehar don su jure wa ƙarfin gaggawar girgizar ƙasa mai ƙarfi a tsaye da kwance da ake tsammani a Dehar suna aiki a tsakiyar injin.
Mita ta Halitta
A ajiye mitar halitta ta na'urar nesa da (mafi girma) daga mitar maganadisu ta 100 Hz (sau biyu na mitar janareta). Wannan mitar halitta za ta yi nisa da mitar girgizar ƙasa kuma za a duba ta don samun isasshen iyaka idan aka kwatanta da mitar girgizar ƙasa da kuma saurin juyawa mai mahimmanci.
Tallafin stator na janareta
Tushen janareta na stator da tushe na ƙasan turawa da kuma tushen jagora sun ƙunshi faranti da dama na tafin ƙafa. Faranti na tafin ƙafa suna ɗaure da tushe a gefe baya ga alkiblar tsaye ta hanyar ƙusoshin tushe.
Tsarin Bearing na Jagora
Bearings na jagora su kasance nau'in sashe-sashe kuma a ƙarfafa sassan bearings na jagora don jure ƙarfin girgizar ƙasa gaba ɗaya. Masana'antun sun kuma ba da shawarar ɗaure maƙallin saman a gefe tare da ganga (rufe janareta) ta amfani da sandunan ƙarfe. Wannan kuma yana nufin cewa dole ne a ƙarfafa ganga na siminti bi da bi.
Gano Girgizar Janareta
An ba da shawarar a sanya na'urorin gano girgiza ko na'urorin aunawa marasa daidaituwa a kan injinan turbines da janareta don fara kashewa da ƙararrawa idan girgizar ƙasa ta wuce ƙimar da aka ƙayyade. Hakanan ana iya amfani da wannan na'urar wajen gano duk wani girgizar da ba a saba gani ba na na'urar saboda yanayin ruwa da ke shafar injin turbine.
Lambobin Sadarwa na Mercury
Girgizar ƙasa mai tsanani sakamakon girgizar ƙasa na iya haifar da kuskure idan aka fara rufe na'urar idan aka yi amfani da hulɗar mercury. Ana iya guje wa wannan ta hanyar ƙayyade maɓallan mercury na hana girgiza ko kuma idan aka ga ya zama dole ta hanyar ƙara maɓallan lokaci.
Kammalawa
(1) An sami babban tattalin arziki a cikin farashin kayan aiki da tsari a Cibiyar Wutar Lantarki ta Dehar ta hanyar amfani da babban girman na'urar da ke lura da girman grid ɗin da tasirinsa akan ƙarfin ajiyar tsarin.
(2) An rage farashin janareta ta hanyar amfani da tsarin laima na gini wanda yanzu zai yiwu ga manyan janareta masu saurin hawa ruwa saboda haɓaka ƙarfe mai ƙarfi don bugun gefen rotor.
(3) Sayen na'urorin samar da wutar lantarki masu ƙarfi na halitta bayan cikakken bincike ya haifar da ƙarin tanadi a cikin farashin.
(4) An yi la'akari da tasirin ƙafafun tashi na yau da kullun na sassan juyawa na janareta a tashar daidaita mita a Dehar don daidaita tsarin turbine governor saboda babban tsarin haɗin gwiwa.
(5) Za a iya cimma sigogi na musamman na janareto masu nisa waɗanda ke ciyar da hanyoyin sadarwa na EHV don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na lantarki ta hanyar tsarin motsa jiki mai saurin amsawa.
(6) Tsarin motsa jiki mai sauri na iya samar da ma'aunin kwanciyar hankali da ake buƙata. Duk da haka, irin waɗannan tsarin suna buƙatar daidaita siginar amsawa don cimma daidaiton bayan lahani. Ya kamata a gudanar da cikakken bincike.
(7) Za a iya hana tashin hankali da rashin kwanciyar hankali na janareto masu nisa da aka haɗa da grid ta hanyar dogon layukan EHV ta hanyar ƙara ƙarfin caji na na'ura ta hanyar amfani da na'urorin lantarki na EHV shunt da aka haɗa da dindindin.
(8) Ana iya yin tanadi wajen tsara janareto da harsashinsa don samar da kariya daga girgizar ƙasa a ƙananan farashi.
Babban Sigogi na Janaretocin Dehar
Rabon Da'ira Mai Gajere = 1.06
Tsarin amsawa na ɗan lokaci kai tsaye = 0.2
Tasirin Flywheel = 39.5 x 106 lb ft2
Xnq/Xnd bai fi = 1.2 ba
Lokacin Saƙo: Mayu-11-2021
