Generator Flywheel Mmetụta na nkwụsi ike nke turbine Gọvanọ SystemGenerator Flywheel Mmetụta na nkwụsi ike nke turbine Gọvanọ System
Nnukwu ndị na-emepụta mmiri nke ọgbara ọhụrụ nwere obere inertia na-adịgide adịgide ma nwee ike iche nsogbu maka nkwụsi ike nke usoro nchịkwa turbine. Nke a bụ n'ihi omume nke mmiri turbine, nke n'ihi inertia ya na-eme ka hama mmiri dị na pipụ nrụgide mgbe a na-arụ ọrụ njikwa. Nke a n'ozuzu e ji hydraulic acceleration oge na-agbanwe agbanwe. N'ime ọrụ dịpụrụ adịpụ, mgbe a na-ekpebi ugboro nke usoro dum site na gọvanọ turbine, hammer mmiri na-emetụta ọsọ ọsọ na enweghị ntụkwasị obi na-egosi dị ka ịchụ nta ma ọ bụ ugboro ugboro. Maka ọrụ jikọrọ ọnụ na nnukwu sistemu, a na-ejidekarị ugboro ole mgbe emechara. Hama mmiri ahụ na-emetụta ike a na-enye ya na sistemụ yana nsogbu nkwụsi ike na-ebilite naanị mgbe a na-achịkwa ike na akaghị emechi, ya bụ, ọ bụrụ na ndị na-emepụta mmiri na-ekere òkè na nhazi oge.
Nkwụsi ike nke ngwa gọvanọ turbine na-emetụta nke ukwuu site na nha nke oge ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa n'ihi oge hydraulic acceleration nke oke mmiri na site na uru nke gọvanọ. Mbelata nke oke dị n'elu nwere mmetụta na-emebi emebi ma na-eme ka mbelata uru gọvanọ, nke na-emetụta nkwụsi ike ugboro ugboro. N'ihi ya, opekempe mmetụta flywheel maka ntụgharị akụkụ nke otu mmiri dị mkpa nke enwere ike ịnye naanị na generator. Enwere ike ibelata oge ngwangwa ngwangwa mgbe niile site na ịnye valvụ enyemaka nrụgide ma ọ bụ tankị ịwa ahụ, wdg, mana ọ na-adịkarị oke ọnụ. Ihe njiri mara maka ikike ịhazi ọsọ nke ngalaba na-emepụta mmiri nwere ike dabere na ịrị elu ọsọ nke unit ahụ nwere ike ime na njụta nke ibu niile akwadoro nke ngalaba na-arụ ọrụ n'onwe ya. Maka nkeji ike na-arụ ọrụ na nnukwu sistemu ejikọtara ọnụ na nke achọrọ iji hazie ugboro sistemu, index ịrị elu pasentị dị ka agbakọrọ n'elu agaghị agafe pasenti 45. Maka sistemu ndị pere mpe, a ga-enye ịrị elu ọsọ dị nta (Ntụaka Isi nke 4).
Akụkụ ogologo oge site na oriri gaa na ọkụ ọkụ Dehar
(Isi mmalite: Akwụkwọ site na Onye edemede - 2nd World Congress, International Water Resources Association 1979) N'ihi na Dehar Power Plant, hydraulic mgbali mmiri usoro na-ejikọta nguzozi nchekwa na ike unit mejupụtara mmiri oriri, nrụgide ọwara, iche iche ịwa tank na penstock. Na-amachi oke nrụgide ịrị elu na penstocks na pasent 35 atụmatụ ịrị elu ọsọ nke unit ahụ mgbe ọ jụrụ ibu zuru oke ruru ihe dị ka pasenti 45 ka onye ọchịchị mechiri.
oge nke 9.1 sekọnd na gosiri isi nke 282 m (925 ft) na nkịtị flywheel mmetụta nke n'usoro n'usoro nke generator (ie, ofu on okpomọkụ ịrị elu echiche naanị). Na ọkwa mbụ nke ọrụ, a chọpụtara na ịrị elu ọsọ adịghị ihe karịrị pasenti 43. N'ihi ya, a tụlere na mmetụta flywheel nkịtị zuru oke maka ịhazi usoro ugboro ugboro.
Parameters Generator na Eletrik kwụsie ike
The generator parameters nke nwere mmetụta na nkwụsi ike bụ mmetụta flywheel, transient reactance na mkpụmkpụ sekit ruru. Na mmalite ogbo nke mmepe nke 420 kV EHV usoro dị ka na Dehar nsogbu nke kwụsie ike na-dị oké egwu n'ihi na-adịghị ike usoro, ala mkpụmkpụ sekit larịị, ọrụ na-eduga ike ihe, na mkpa maka aku na uba na-enye nnyefe outlets na fixing size na parameters nke na-amụba nkeji. Ọmụmụ nkwụsi ike nke mbido mbụ na onye nyocha netwọkụ (iji voltaji na-adị mgbe niile n'azụ nzaghachi na-adịru nwa oge) maka sistemụ Dehar EHV gosikwara na ọ bụ naanị nkwụsi ike dị n'akụkụ ka a ga-enweta. Na mmalite ogbo nke imewe nke Dehar Power Plant ọ na-atụle na-akọwa generators na nkịtị
e ji mara na imezu chọrọ nke nkwụsi ike site optimizing parameters nke ihe ndị ọzọ metụtara karịsịa ndị nke excitation usoro ga-aku na uba dị ọnụ ala ọzọ. N'ime nnyocha e mere nke British Sistem, e gosiri na mgbanwe generator parameters nwere nnọọ obere mmetụta na nkwụsi ike n'akụkụ. N'ihi ya, paramita generator nkịtị dị ka e nyere na ntinye aka ka akọwapụtara maka generator. A na-enye ihe ọmụmụ nkwụsi ike zuru ezu e mere
Ike Nchaji Ahịrị yana kwụsie ike voltaji
Ndị na-emepụta mmiri mmiri dịpụrụ adịpụ na-eji chaja ahịrị EHV na-ebugo ogologo oge nke chaja kVA karịrị ike ịchaji igwe, igwe ahụ nwere ike inwe obi ụtọ onwe ya na voltaji na-ebili karịa njikwa. Ọnọdụ maka mkpali onwe onye bụ na xc <xd ebe, xc bụ capacitive load reactance na xd synchronous direct axis reactance. Ikike achọrọ maka ịchaji otu 420 kV ahịrị ebupụghị E2 / xc ruo Panipat (njedebe nnata) bụ ihe dịka 150 MVAR na voltaji akara. N'ọkwa nke abụọ mgbe etinyere ahịrị 420 kV nke abụọ nke nha nhata, ikike ịchaji ahịrị achọrọ iji chajie ahịrị abụọ ahụ ebupughị n'otu oge na voltaji egosipụtara ga-abụ ihe dịka 300 MVARs.
Ikike ịchaji ahịrị dị na voltaji elele anya sitere na generator Dehar dị ka ndị na-ebunye akụrụngwa siri kwenye bụ nke a:
(i) Pasent 70 gosiri MVA, ya bụ, chaja ahịrị 121.8 MVAR ga-ekwe omume na mkpali kacha mma nke pasent 10.
(ii) Ruo 87 pasent nke MVA akwadoro, ya bụ, ikike ịchaji ahịrị 139 MVAR ga-ekwe omume na mkpali kacha mma nke 1 pasent.
(iii) Ruo 100 pasent nke MVAR egosipụtara, ya bụ, 173.8 akara nchaji ike nwere ike nweta ihe dị ka 5 pasent na-adịghị mma excitation na kacha akara ike ike nke nwere ike nweta na-adịghị mma excitation nke 10 percent bụ 110 percent nke gosiri MVA (191 MVAR) dị ka BSS.
(iv) Mmụba ọzọ na ikike ịchaji ahịrị ga-ekwe omume naanị site na ịbawanye nha igwe. N'ihe banyere (ii) na (iii) njikwa aka nke mkpali agaghị ekwe omume na ntụkwasị obi zuru oke ga-etinyerịrị na arụ ọrụ na-aga n'ihu nke ndị na-ahụ maka ọkụ eletrik na-arụ ọrụ ngwa ngwa. Ọ bụghị na akụ na ụba ga-ekwe omume ma ọ bụ na-achọsi ike ịbawanye nha nke igwe maka nzube nke ịbawanye ike nchaji ahịrị. N'ihi ya, n'iburu n'uche ọnọdụ ọrụ na ọkwa mbụ nke ọrụ, e kpebiri ịnye maka ikike ịchaji 191 MVAR na voltaji akara maka ndị na-emepụta ọkụ site na ịnye mkpali na-adịghị mma na ndị na-emepụta ọkụ. Ọnọdụ arụ ọrụ dị egwu na-akpata ọgba aghara voltaji nwekwara ike ịkpata nkwụsị nke ibu na njedebe nnata. Ihe omume a na-eme n'ihi ntinye capacitive na igwe nke na-enwe mmetụta dị njọ site na ọsọ ọsọ nke generator. Mmalite onwe na voltaji akwusighi ike nwere ike ime ma ọ bụrụ.
Xc ≤ n2 (Xq + XT)
Ebe, Xc bụ capacitive ibu reactance, Xq bụ quadrature axis synchronous reactance na n bụ ndị ikwu kachasị karịa ọsọ na-eme na njuju ibu. A na-atụ aro ka a kpochapụ ọnọdụ a na generator Dehar site n'inye 400 kV EHV shunt reactor (75 MVA) jikọtara ya na njedebe nke ahịrị dị ka nyocha zuru ezu mere.
Igwe ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ
Isi ọrụ nke ikuku damper bụ ikike ya igbochi oke oke voltaji ma ọ bụrụ n'ahịrị iji kwụ n'ahịrị mmejọ na ibu capacitive, si otú ahụ belata nrụgide karịrị voltaji na akụrụngwa. N'iburu n'uche ọnọdụ dịpụrụ adịpụ na ahịrị nnyefe ogologo njikọ njikọ jikọtara ọnụ nke ọma na oke ikuku quadrature na mmeghachi omume axis Xnq/Xnd na-agafeghị 1.2 akọwapụtara.
Njirimara Generator na usoro mkpali
Ndị na-emepụta ihe ndị nwere njirimara nkịtị ka akọwapụtagoro na ọmụmụ mbido egosila naanị nkwụsi ike dị n'akụkụ, e kpebiri na a ga-eji ngwa ihe mkpali dị elu dị elu mee ka oke kwụsie ike ka e wee nweta nhazi ngwa ngwa kachasị mma. Emere nyocha zuru oke iji chọpụta njirimara kacha mma nke akụrụngwa mkpali ahụ kwụ ọtọ ma tụlere n'isi nke 10.
Atụmatụ seismic
Osisi ọkụ Dehar dara na mpaghara seismic. N'ịgbaso usoro n'usoro ihe nrụpụta hydro generator na Dehar ka a tụrụ aro ya na ndị na-emepụta akụrụngwa na-atụle ọnọdụ seismic na geological na saịtị na akụkọ nke kọmitii ọkachamara ala ọma jijiji nke Koyna nke gọọmentị India mebere site n'enyemaka nke UNESCO.
Mechanical Ike
Emebere ndị na-emepụta ihe na Dehar ka ọ nagide n'enweghị nsogbu ọ bụla ike osooso ala ọma jijiji ma n'akụkụ vetikal na kwụ ọtọ na-atụ anya na Dehar na-eme n'etiti igwe.
Frequency eke
A na-edobe oge okike nke igwe nke ọma (dị elu) site na ugboro magnetik nke 100 Hz (ugboro abụọ nke igwe na-emepụta ihe). A ga-ewepụ ugboro ole okike a site na ugboro ala ọma jijiji wee lelee maka oke oke n'ogo ugboro ole ala ọma jijiji na-enwekarị yana ọsọ dị oke egwu nke usoro ntụgharị.
Nkwado generator stator
The generator stator na ala ntule na nduzi na-ebu ntọala nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ nke naanị efere. A ga-ekekọta naanị efere na ntọala n'akụkụ na mgbakwunye na ntụzịaka kwụ ọtọ site na bolts ntọala.
Ntuzi Nrụpụta Nhazi
Nduzi bearings ga-abụ nke akụkụ akụkụ na ntuziaka na-ebu akụkụ na-ewusi ike iguzogide zuru ala ọma jijiji ike. Ndị na-emepụta ihe na-atụ aro ka ha kechie ihe nkwado n'elu n'akụkụ ya na gbọmgbọm (ihe mkpuchi generator) site na eriri ígwè. Nke a ga-apụtakwa na gbọmgbọm kọmpụta ahụ n'aka nke ya ga-ewusi ike.
Nchọpụta ịma jijiji nke Generators
Nwụnye nke ihe nchọta ịma jijiji ma ọ bụ mita eccentricity na turbines na ndị na-emepụta ọkụ ka akwadoro ka etinye ya maka ibido mmechi na mkpu ma ọ bụrụ na ịma jijiji n'ihi ala ọma jijiji gafere uru eburu ụzọ kpebie. Enwere ike iji ngwaọrụ a chọpụta ịma jijiji ọ bụla pụrụ iche nke otu n'ihi ọnọdụ hydraulic na-emetụta turbine.
Ndị kọntaktị Mercury
Enwere ike ịma jijiji siri ike n'ihi ala ọmajiji ga-ebute ọdịda ụgha maka ibido mmechi nke otu ma ọ bụrụ na ejiri kọntaktị mercury mee ihe. Enwere ike zere nke a site n'ịkọwapụta ụdị mgbanaka mercury mgbochi ma ọ bụ ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa site na ịgbakwunye relays oge.
Mkpebi
(1) Enwetara nnukwu akụ na ụba na ọnụ ahịa akụrụngwa na ihe owuwu dị na ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ Dehar site n'inwe nnukwu nha nha nha n'ile anya nha nke grid yana mmetụta ya na ikike mapụtara sistemu.
(2) E belatara ọnụ ahịa ndị na-emepụta ihe site n'inwe ihe owuwu nche anwụ nke ga-ekwe omume ugbu a maka ndị na-emepụta mmiri na-agba ọsọ dị elu n'ihi mmepe nke nnukwu igwe anaghị agba nchara maka ịkụ ọkpọ rotor rim.
(3) Ịzụta ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ike dị elu mgbe nyocha zuru ezu rụpụtara n'ihu na-echekwa ego na ọnụ ahịa ya.
(4) A na-ahụta mmetụta ikuku na-efe efe nkịtị nke akụkụ ndị na-agbagharị agbagharị nke igwe ọkụ na ọdụ na-achịkwa ugboro ugboro na Dehar zuru oke maka nkwụsi ike nke sistemu gọvanọ turbine n'ihi nnukwu sistemu jikọtara ọnụ.
(5) Pụrụ iche nke ndị na-emepụta ihe dịpụrụ adịpụ na-enye netwọọdụ EHV nri maka ịgba mbọ hụ na nkwụsi ike eletrik nwere ike izute site na sistemụ mkpali ngwa ngwa azaghachi.
(6) Sistemụ excitation static na-eme ngwa ngwa nwere ike inye oke nkwụsi ike dị mkpa. Sistemu ndị dị otú ahụ, agbanyeghị, chọrọ nkwụsi ike nrịba azụ azụ maka inweta nkwụsi ike mgbe mmejọ gasịrị. Ekwesịrị ime ọmụmụ ihe zuru ezu.
(7) Enwere ike igbochi mkpali onwe na voltaji nke ndị na-emepụta ihe na-ejikọta ya na grid site na ogologo ahịrị EHV site n'ịbawanye ikike nke igwe site na ịmalite mkpali na-adịghị mma na / ma ọ bụ site n'iji ndị na-arụ ọrụ EHV shunt na-adịgide adịgide.
(8) Enwere ike ịme ndokwa na nhazi nke ndị na-emepụta ọkụ na ntọala ya iji nye nchebe megide ndị agha seismic na obere ego.
Isi Parameters nke Dehar Generators
Oke sekit dị mkpụmkpụ = 1.06
Akwụsị nkwụghachi azụ nke na-agafe agafe = 0.2
Mmetụta Flywheel = 39.5 x 106 lb ft2
Xnq/Xnd adịghị elu = 1.2
Oge nzipu: Mee-11-2021
