Tasirin Jirgin Jirgin Saman Jirgin Sama da Ƙarfafawar Injin Injin Injin Injiniya Tasirin Jirgin Jirgin Jirgin Sama
Manya-manyan janareta na ruwa na zamani suna da ƙarami akai-akai kuma suna iya fuskantar matsaloli game da kwanciyar hankali na tsarin tafiyar da injin turbine. Hakan ya faru ne saboda halayyar ruwan turbine, wanda saboda rashin kuzarinsa ke haifar da guduma mai ruwa a cikin bututun matsa lamba lokacin da ake sarrafa na'urori. Wannan gabaɗaya yana siffanta ta da ma'aunin haɓakar lokaci na hydraulic. A cikin keɓantaccen aiki, lokacin da aka ƙayyade yawan tsarin gaba ɗaya ta hanyar injin turbine guduma na ruwa yana rinjayar saurin tafiyar da yanayin kuma rashin zaman lafiya yana bayyana azaman farauta ko mitar mita. Don aikin haɗin gwiwa tare da babban tsarin mitar yana riƙe da gaske daga baya. Gudumawar ruwa ta haifar da wutar lantarki ga tsarin kuma matsalar kwanciyar hankali tana tasowa ne kawai lokacin da ake sarrafa wutar lantarki a cikin rufaffiyar madauki, watau, idan akwai masu samar da ruwa waɗanda ke shiga cikin ƙa'idar mita.
Kwanciyar hankali na injin injin injin injin injin yana da matukar tasiri saboda yawan lokacin haɓaka injina saboda yawan lokacin haɓakar injin ruwa na talakawan ruwa da kuma samun riba mai girma gwamna. Rage rabon da ke sama yana da tasiri mai banƙyama kuma yana buƙatar raguwar ribar gwamna, wanda ke yin illa ga daidaitawar mita. Don haka mafi ƙarancin tasirin tashi don jujjuya sassan naúrar ruwa ya zama dole wanda yawanci ana iya samar da shi a cikin janareta kawai. Madadin madaidaicin lokaci na hanzari na inji za a iya rage shi ta hanyar samar da bawul ɗin taimako na matsa lamba ko tankin motsa jiki, da sauransu, amma gabaɗaya yana da tsada sosai. Ma'auni mai ma'ana don ikon sarrafa saurin naúrar samar da ruwa zai iya dogara ne akan saurin haɓakar naúrar wanda zai iya faruwa akan ƙin ɗaukan nauyin duka naúrar yana aiki da kansa. Ga raka'o'in wutar lantarki da ke aiki a cikin manyan tsarin haɗin gwiwa kuma waɗanda ake buƙata don daidaita mitar tsarin, ƙimar haɓakar saurin haɓaka kamar yadda aka lissafta a sama an ɗauka bai wuce kashi 45 ba. Don ƙananan tsarin za a samar da ƙaramin hawan gudu (Duba Babi na 4).
Sashe mai tsayi daga sha zuwa tashar wutar lantarki ta Dehar
(Madogararsa: Takarda ta Mawallafi - Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta 2nd, Ƙungiyar Albarkatun Ruwa ta Duniya 1979) Ga Dehar Power Plant, ana nuna tsarin ruwa na ruwa na hydraulic wanda ke haɗa ma'auni na ma'auni tare da sashin wutar lantarki wanda ya ƙunshi shan ruwa, ramin matsa lamba, tanki mai ban mamaki da penstock. Ƙayyadade matsakaicin matsa lamba a cikin penstocks zuwa kashi 35 kiyasin matsakaicin saurin hawan naúrar kan kin cikar lodi ya yi aiki zuwa kusan kashi 45 cikin ɗari tare da rufewar gwamna.
lokacin 9.1 seconds a rated shugaban 282 m (925 ft) tare da al'ada flywheel tasirin jujjuya sassa na janareta (watau, daidaitacce akan yanayin tashin zafin jiki kawai). A matakin farko na aiki an gano tashin gudun bai wuce kashi 43 cikin dari ba. Don haka an yi la'akari da cewa tasirin tashi na yau da kullun ya isa don daidaita yawan tsarin.
Ma'aunin Generator da Ƙarfin Lantarki
Siffofin janareta waɗanda ke da tasiri akan kwanciyar hankali sune tasirin tashi, amsawar wucin gadi da gajeriyar kewayawa. A cikin mataki na farko na ci gaba na tsarin 420 kV EHV kamar yadda a Dehar matsalolin kwanciyar hankali suna da mahimmanci saboda tsarin rauni, ƙananan ƙananan matakan kewayawa, aiki a manyan abubuwan wutar lantarki, da kuma buƙatar tattalin arziki a samar da hanyoyin watsawa da kuma daidaita girman girman da sigogi na samar da raka'a. Nazarin kwanciyar hankali na wucin gadi na farko akan mai nazarin cibiyar sadarwa (amfani da wutar lantarki akai-akai a bayan amsawar wucin gadi) don tsarin Dehar EHV kuma ya nuna cewa kwanciyar hankali ta gefe kawai za a samu. A farkon matakin ƙirar Dehar Power Plant an yi la'akari da cewa ƙayyade janareta tare da al'ada
Halaye da cimma buƙatun kwanciyar hankali ta hanyar inganta sigogi na wasu abubuwan da ke tattare da su musamman na tsarin tashin hankali zai zama madadin tattalin arziki mai rahusa. A cikin binciken Tsarin Biritaniya kuma an nuna cewa canza sigogin janareta ba su da tasiri sosai akan tabarbarewar kwanciyar hankali. Saboda haka sigogin janareta na yau da kullun kamar yadda aka bayar a cikin kari an ƙayyade don janareta. An ba da cikakken nazarin kwanciyar hankali da aka gudanar
Ƙarfin Cajin Layi da Ƙarfin Wuta
Na'urorin samar da ruwa masu nisa waɗanda aka yi amfani da su don cajin layukan EHV masu tsayi waɗanda cajin kVA ya fi ƙarfin cajin na'ura, na'urar na iya zama mai daɗi da kai kuma ƙarfin lantarki ya tashi sama da iko. Sharadi don jin daɗin kai shine xc <xd inda, xc shine ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi da xd mai daidaitawa kai tsaye axis. Ƙarfin da ake buƙata don cajin layin E2/xc guda ɗaya mai nauyin kilogiram 420 har zuwa Panipat (ƙarshen karɓa) ya kusan 150 MVAR a ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki. A mataki na biyu lokacin da aka shigar da layin 420 kV na biyu na daidai tsayin, ƙarfin cajin layin da ake buƙata don cajin duka layukan da aka sauke lokaci guda a ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki zai zama kusan 300 MVARs.
Ƙarfin cajin layin da ake samu a ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki daga janareta na Dehar kamar yadda masu samar da kayan aikin suka faɗa kamar haka:
(i) kashi 70 da aka ƙididdige MVA, watau cajin layin MVAR 121.8 yana yiwuwa tare da mafi ƙarancin kuzari na kashi 10.
(ii) Har zuwa kashi 87 na MVA da aka ƙima, watau, ƙarfin cajin layin MVAR 139 yana yiwuwa tare da ƙaramin haɓaka mai inganci na kashi 1.
(iii) Har zuwa kashi 100 na MVAR da aka ƙididdigewa, watau, ana iya samun ƙarfin cajin layi na 173.8 tare da kusan kashi 5 cikin ɗari mara kyau da matsakaicin ƙarfin cajin layin da za a iya samu tare da haɓaka mara kyau na kashi 10 shine kashi 110 na ƙimar MVA (191 MVAR) bisa ga BSS.
(iv) Ƙarin haɓaka ƙarfin cajin layi yana yiwuwa ta ƙara girman injin. A cikin yanayin (ii) da (iii) sarrafa hannaye na tashin hankali ba zai yiwu ba kuma dole ne a sanya cikakken dogaro akan ci gaba da aiki na masu sarrafa wutar lantarki ta atomatik. Ba abu ne mai yuwuwa a fannin tattalin arziki ko kyawawa don ƙara girman injin ba don manufar ƙara ƙarfin cajin layi. Saboda haka la'akari da yanayin aiki a matakin farko na aiki an yanke shawarar samar da ƙarfin cajin layi na 191 MVARs a ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki ga masu janareta ta hanyar ba da kuzari mara kyau akan janareta. Mummunan yanayin aiki da ke haifar da rashin kwanciyar hankali na iya haifar da cire haɗin kaya a ƙarshen karɓa. Lamarin dai yana faruwa ne sakamakon ɗora nauyi akan na'ura wanda saurin hawan janareta ya yi illa. Ƙaunar kai da rashin kwanciyar hankali na iya faruwa idan.
Xc ≤ n2 (Xq + XT)
Inda, Xc shine mai ɗaukar nauyi mai ƙarfi, Xq shine amsawar axis quadrature axis synchronous reactance kuma n shine matsakaicin dangi akan saurin da ke faruwa akan kin amincewa. An ba da shawarar kawar da wannan yanayin akan janareta na Dehar ta hanyar samar da na'urar sarrafa wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi 400kV EHV (75 MVA) a ƙarshen karɓar layin kamar yadda cikakken binciken da aka gudanar.
Damper iska
Babban aikin iskar damper shine ƙarfinsa don hana wuce gona da iri a cikin yanayin layin layi zuwa kuskure tare da kayan aiki mai ƙarfi, don haka rage yawan ƙarfin lantarki akan kayan aiki. Yin la'akari da wuri mai nisa da dogayen hanyoyin sadarwa masu haɗawa da cikakken haɗin damper windings tare da rabon quadrature da kai tsaye axis reactances Xnq/Xnd wanda bai wuce 1.2 an ƙayyade ba.
Halayen Generator da Tsarin Haɗawa
An ayyana janareta masu halaye na yau da kullun kuma binciken farko da ya nuna kwanciyar hankali a gefe kawai, an yanke shawarar cewa za a yi amfani da na'urorin motsa jiki masu tsayi don haɓaka tabarbarewar kwanciyar hankali ta yadda za a cimma tsarin kayan aiki gabaɗaya. An gudanar da cikakken bincike don tantance ingantattun halaye na kayan aikin motsa jiki da aka tattauna a babi na 10.
La'akarin Seismic
Tashar wutar lantarki ta Dehar ta faɗi a yankin girgizar ƙasa. Bayan tanade-tanade a cikin ƙirar janareta na ruwa a Dehar an gabatar da shawarwari tare da masu kera kayan aiki tare da yin la'akari da yanayin girgizar ƙasa da yanayin ƙasa a wurin da rahoton kwamitin ƙwararrun girgizar ƙasa na Koyna wanda gwamnatin Indiya ta kafa tare da taimakon UNESCO.
Ƙarfin Injini
An ƙirƙira janareta na Dehar don jure lafiya iyakar ƙarfin saurin girgizar ƙasa duka a tsaye da kuma a kwance da ake tsammanin a Dehar yana aiki a tsakiyar injin.
Mitar Halitta
Mitar na'urar za a kiyaye shi da kyau (mafi girma) daga mitar maganadisu na 100 Hz (sau biyu mitar janareta). Wannan mitar ta yanayi za ta kasance da nisa daga mitar girgizar ƙasa kuma a bincika ta don isassun tazara a kan mafi yawan mitar girgizar ƙasa da kuma saurin jujjuyawar tsarin.
Goyan bayan janareta stator
Matsakaicin janareta da ƙananan turawa da tushe masu ɗauke da jagora sun ƙunshi faranti guda ɗaya. Za a ɗaure faranti na tafin hannu zuwa tushe a gefe ban da al'ada ta tsaye ta hanyar kusoshi na tushe.
Zane Mai Gudanar da Jagora
Abubuwan jagora don zama nau'in sashi kuma za a ƙarfafa sassa masu ɗauke da jagora don jure cikakken ƙarfin girgizar ƙasa. Masu masana'anta sun ƙara ba da shawarar ɗaure babban baƙar fata a gefe tare da ganga (bangaren janareta) ta hanyar ginshiƙan ƙarfe. Wannan kuma yana nufin cewa ganga na siminti kuma dole ne a ƙarfafa shi.
Gano Jijjiga na Generators
An ba da shawarar shigar da na'urorin gano jijjiga ko mitoci masu ƙima akan injina da janareta don fara kashewa da ƙararrawa idan girgizar girgizar ƙasa ta zarce ƙimar da aka riga aka ƙaddara. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da wannan na'urar wajen gano duk wani girgizar da ba a saba gani ba na naúrar saboda yanayin hydraulic da ke shafar injin injin injin.
Lambobin Mercury
Mummunan girgiza saboda girgizar ƙasa yana da alhakin haifar da ɓarnar ɓarna don fara rufe naúrar idan an yi amfani da lambobin mercury. Ana iya kauce wa wannan ta ko dai ƙayyadadden nau'in mercury mai canzawa na anti-vibration ko kuma idan an same shi ya cancanta ta ƙara relays na lokaci.
Ƙarshe
(1) Tattalin arziki mai mahimmanci a cikin farashin kayan aiki da tsari a Kamfanin Wutar Lantarki na Dehar an samu su ta hanyar ɗaukar girman girman raka'a don girman grid da tasirin sa akan ƙarfin ajiyar tsarin.
(2) An rage farashin injina ta hanyar ɗaukar ƙirar laima na gini wanda a yanzu zai yiwu ga manyan injinan samar da ruwa mai saurin gudu saboda haɓakar ƙarfe mai ƙarfi don bugun ƙafar rotor.
(3) Sayan na'urorin samar da wutar lantarki na halitta bayan cikakken bincike ya haifar da ƙarin tanadi a cikin farashi.
(4) Matsala ta yau da kullun na jujjuyawar sassa na janareta a tashar sarrafa mitar a Dehar an yi la'akari da isa don kwanciyar hankali na tsarin gwamnar injin turbine saboda babban tsarin haɗin gwiwa.
(5) Siffofin musamman na janareta masu nisa suna ciyar da hanyoyin sadarwa na EHV don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na lantarki ana iya saduwa da su ta hanyar saurin amsa tsayayyen tsarin tashin hankali.
(6) Tsarukan motsa jiki masu saurin aiwatarwa na iya samar da madaidaicin madaidaicin majigi. Irin waɗannan tsarin, duk da haka, suna buƙatar daidaita sigina na baya don samun kwanciyar hankali bayan kuskure. Ya kamata a gudanar da cikakken nazari.
(7) Ƙaunar kai da rashin kwanciyar hankali na janareta masu nisa waɗanda ke haɗa haɗin gwiwa tare da grid ta dogon layin EHV za a iya hana su ta hanyar haɓaka ƙarfin cajin na'ura ta hanyar karkatar da tashin hankali da/ko ta yin amfani da na'urorin haɗi na EHV na dindindin.
(8) Ana iya yin tanadi a cikin ƙirar janareta da tushensa don ba da kariya ga sojojin girgizar ƙasa a kan ƙananan farashi.
Babban Ma'auni na Dehar Generators
Matsakaicin Gajeren kewayawa = 1.06
Matsakaicin Reactance Direct Axis = 0.2
Tasirin Flywheel = 39.5 x 106 lb ft2
Xnq/Xnd bai fi = 1.2
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-11-2021
