Magani da matakan rigakafin fashewar kankare a cikin ramin zubar da ruwa na tashar wutar lantarki
1.1 Bayyani na aikin zubar da ruwa na tashar ruwa ta Shuanghekou a cikin Kogin Mengjiang
Ramin korar ambaliyar ruwa na tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta Shuanghekou a cikin kogin Mengjiang na lardin Guizhou ya dauki siffar kofar birni. Dukan ramin yana da tsayin mita 528, kuma mashigin shiga da fita bene 536.65 da 494.2 m bi da bi. Daga cikin su, bayan ajiyar ruwa na farko na tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta Shuanghekou, bayan binciken da aka yi a wurin, an gano cewa lokacin da ruwan da ke cikin wurin tafki ya kai tsayin saman saman filogi na ramin ambaliya, da ginin gine-ginen da simintin sanyi na kasan farantin katako mai tsayi mai tsayi, ya samar da magudanar ruwa, kuma ma'aunin ruwan da ke cikin tafki yana tare da magudanar ruwa. tashi da ci gaba da karuwa. A lokaci guda kuma, magudanar ruwa yana faruwa a gefen bangon simintin sanyi na haɗin gwiwa da haɗin ginin da ke cikin sashin madaidaicin ramin Longzhuang. Bayan bincike da bincike da ma’aikatan da abin ya shafa, an gano cewa, manyan abubuwan da ke haddasa zubar ruwa a wadannan sassan sun hada da rashin kyawun yanayin kasa da ma’aunin duwatsun da ke cikin wadannan ramuka, da rashin gamsuwa da kula da gidajen gine-gine, da samar da gabobin sanyi a lokacin aikin zubewar siminti, da rashin ingantawa da toshe matosai na ramin duxun. Jiya et al. Don wannan karshen, ma'aikatan da suka dace sun ba da shawarar hanyar da za a yi amfani da sinadarai a kan yankin da aka yi amfani da su don hana shinge da kuma magance tsagewar.
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1.2 Maganin tsatsauran ramin da ambaliyar ruwa ta taso daga tashar ruwa ta Shuanghekou a cikin kogin Mengjiang.
Dukkanin sassan da aka leka na ramin fitar da ruwa na tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta Luding, an yi su ne da siminti HFC40, kuma galibin fasalolin da gina madatsar ruwan da aka yi a tashar wutar lantarkin ne ake rarraba su a nan. Bisa kididdigar da aka yi, an fi mayar da tsagewar a cikin 0+180 ~ 0+600 na dam. Babban wurin fashe shine bangon gefe tare da nisa na 1 ~ 7m daga farantin ƙasa, kuma yawancin nisa shine kusan 0.1 mm, musamman ga kowane ɗakin ajiya. Sashin tsakiya na rarraba shine mafi yawa. Daga cikin su, kusurwar da ke faruwa na tsatsauran ra'ayi da kusurwar kwance ya kasance mafi girma ko daidai da 45. , siffar yana tsage kuma ba daidai ba ne, kuma tsagewar da ke haifar da zubar da ruwa yawanci suna da ƙananan ƙwayar ruwa, yayin da yawancin tsagewar kawai suna fitowa ne kawai a kan farfajiyar haɗin gwiwa kuma alamun ruwa suna bayyana a kan simintin, amma akwai ƙananan alamun bayyanar ruwa. Da kyar babu wani alamar ruwa mai gudu. Ta hanyar lura da lokacin ci gaba na tsagewar, an san cewa tsagewar za su bayyana lokacin da aka cire kayan aikin sa'o'i 24 bayan zubar da simintin a farkon matakin, sannan wadannan fasa za su kai ga kololuwar lokacin kusan kwanaki 7 bayan cire aikin. Ba zai daina haɓakawa a hankali ba har sai l5-20 d bayan rushewa.
2. Magani da ingantaccen rigakafin fashewar kankare a cikin ramukan fitar da ruwa na tashoshin wutar lantarki
2.1 Hanyar sarrafa sinadarai don rami mai zubewar tashar ruwa ta Shuanghekou
2.1.1 Gabatarwa, halaye da daidaita kayan
Abubuwan slurry na sinadarai shine PCI-CW babban haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar guduro epoxy. Kayan yana da ƙarfin haɗin kai, kuma za'a iya warkewa a cikin dakin da zafin jiki, tare da ƙananan raguwa bayan warkewa, kuma a lokaci guda, yana da halaye na ƙarfin ƙarfin injiniya da kwanciyar hankali mai zafi, don haka yana da kyakkyawan ruwa-tsayawa da kuma zubar da tasiri. Irin wannan kayan aikin grouting na ƙarfafawa ana amfani dashi sosai wajen gyarawa da ƙarfafa ayyukan kiyaye ruwa. Bugu da ƙari, kayan kuma yana da fa'idodin tsari mai sauƙi, kyakkyawan aikin kare muhalli, kuma babu gurɓataccen yanayi.
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2.1.2 Matakan Gina
Da farko, nemi sutura da ramuka. Tsaftace tsagewar da aka samu a cikin magudanar ruwa tare da ruwa mai matsananciyar matsa lamba sannan a jujjuya saman tushe na kankare, da kuma bincika dalilin tsagewar da kuma alkiblar tsagewar. Kuma a yi amfani da hanyar hada ramin tsaga da ramin da ake son hakowa. Bayan kammala aikin hako ramin da aka karkata, ya zama dole a yi amfani da karfin iska da bindigar ruwa mai karfin gaske don duba ramin da tsagewa, da kuma kammala tattara bayanai na girman tsagewar.
Na biyu, ramukan zane, ramukan rufewa da suturar sutura. Har ila yau, yi amfani da iska mai ƙarfi don share ramin da za a gina, sannan a cire dattin da aka ajiye a kasan ramin da kuma bangon ramin, sa'an nan kuma shigar da shingen ramin ramin da alama a ramin bututu. Gane grout da ramukan huci. Bayan an shirya ramukan grouting, yi amfani da PSI-130 mai sauri plugging wakili don rufe ramukan, kuma yi amfani da simintin epoxy don ƙara ƙarfafa hatimin ramin. Bayan rufe buɗaɗɗen, wajibi ne a yanke wani tsagi mai faɗin 2cm da zurfin 2cm tare da jagorancin simintin simintin. Bayan tsaftace tsagi na chiseled da ruwan matsa lamba na baya, yi amfani da toshe mai sauri don rufe tsagi.
Har yanzu, bayan duba samun iska na bututun da aka binne, fara aikin grouting. A lokacin aikin grouting, an fara cika ramukan ƙididdiga masu ƙima, kuma an tsara adadin ramukan bisa ga tsawon ainihin aikin ginin. Lokacin grouting, ya zama dole don cikakken la'akari da yanayin grouting na ramukan da ke kusa. Da zarar ramukan da ke kusa da su suna da raguwa, duk ruwan da ke cikin ramukan ramuka yana buƙatar zubar da shi, sa'an nan kuma haɗa shi da bututun mai da kuma grouted. Bisa ga hanyar da ke sama, kowane rami yana grouted daga sama zuwa kasa da kasa zuwa sama.
Magani da matakan rigakafin fashewar kankare a cikin ramin zubar da ruwa na tashar wutar lantarki
A ƙarshe, grout yana ƙare ma'auni. Matsakaicin matsa lamba don grouting sinadarai na fashewar kankare a cikin madaidaicin madaidaicin ƙimar ƙira da aka bayar. Gabaɗaya magana, matsakaicin matsa lamba ya kamata ya zama ƙasa da ko daidai da 1.5 MPa. Ƙayyadaddun ƙarshen grouting yana dogara ne akan adadin allura da girman girman matsa lamba. Babban abin da ake buƙata shi ne cewa bayan da matsa lamba ya kai matsakaicin, grouting ba zai ƙara shiga cikin rami a cikin 30mm ba. A wannan gaba, ana iya yin aikin ɗaurin bututu da aikin rufewa.
Dalilai da matakan jiyya na fashe-fashe a cikin rami na zubar da ruwa na tashar ruwa ta Luding
2.2.1 Nazari kan musabbabin rugujewar ambaliya ta tashar ruwa ta Luding
Na farko, albarkatun kasa suna da rashin daidaituwa da kwanciyar hankali. Abu na biyu, adadin siminti a cikin mahaɗin yana da girma, wanda ke haifar da siminti don haifar da zafi mai yawa na hydration. Abu na biyu, saboda yawan haɓakar haɓakar thermal na tarin dutse a cikin raƙuman ruwa, lokacin da yanayin zafi ya canza, haɗuwa da abubuwan da ake kira kayan haɗin gwiwa za su watse. Abu na uku, HF kankare yana da manyan buƙatun fasahar gini, yana da wahala a iya ƙware a cikin aikin ginin, kuma sarrafa lokacin girgizawa da hanyar ba zai iya cika daidaitattun buƙatun ba. Bugu da kari, saboda ramin fitar da ruwa na tashar ruwa ta Luding ya shiga, iska mai karfin gaske na faruwa, wanda ke haifar da karancin zafin jiki a cikin ramin, wanda ya haifar da babban bambanci tsakanin siminti da muhallin waje.
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2.2.2 Ma'auni da matakan rigakafi don tsagewa a cikin rami mai fitar da ambaliya
(1) Domin rage samun iska a cikin rami da kuma kare yanayin zafin simintin, don rage yawan zafin jiki tsakanin simintin da yanayin waje, ana iya kafa firam ɗin lanƙwasa a hanyar fita daga cikin rami mai zube, kuma ana iya rataye labulen zane.
(2) Karkashin tsarin biyan bukatu mai karfi, sai a daidaita ma'aunin siminti, a rage yawan simintin gwargwadon yadda zai yiwu, sannan a kara yawan tokar gardawa a lokaci guda, ta yadda za a iya rage zafin ruwan siminti, ta yadda za a rage zafi na ciki da na waje. bambancin yanayin zafi.
(3) Yi amfani da kwamfutar don sarrafa adadin ruwan da aka ƙara, ta yadda za a iya sarrafa ma'aunin ruwan siminti a yayin da ake hada kankare. Ya kamata a lura cewa a lokacin haɗuwa, don rage yawan zafin jiki na kayan albarkatun kasa, ya zama dole don ɗaukar ƙananan zafin jiki. Lokacin jigilar kankare a lokacin rani, yakamata a ɗauki matakan da suka dace na thermal rufi da sanyaya don rage dumama simintin yadda ya kamata yayin sufuri.
(4) Tsarin girgiza yana buƙatar kulawa sosai a cikin tsarin gini, kuma ana ƙarfafa aikin rawar jiki ta hanyar amfani da sanduna masu rawar jiki masu sassauƙa tare da diamita na 100 mm da 70 mm.
(5) Tsananin sarrafa saurin simintin da ke shiga ɗakin ajiya, ta yadda saurin hawansa bai kai ko daidai da 0.8 m/h ba.
(6) Tsawaita lokacin cire kayan aikin kankare zuwa sau 1 na asali, wato, daga sa'o'i 24 zuwa 48.
(7) Bayan tarwatsa aikin, aika ma'aikata na musamman don yin aikin gyaran feshi akan aikin kankare cikin lokaci. Ya kamata a kiyaye ruwan kulawa a 20 ℃ ko sama da ruwan dumi, kuma saman kankare ya kamata a kiyaye shi da m.
(8) Ana binne ma'aunin ma'aunin zafi da sanyio a cikin simintin siminti, ana lura da yanayin zafin da ke cikin simintin, kuma ana nazarin alaƙar da ke tsakanin simintin canjin yanayi da tsattsauran ƙirƙira yadda ya kamata.
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Ta hanyar nazarin musabbabi da hanyoyin magance ambaliyar ruwa na tashar ruwa ta Shuanghekou da kuma magudanar ruwa na tashar ruwa ta Luding, an san cewa tsohon ya faru ne saboda rashin kyawun yanayin yanayin kasa, rashin gamsuwa ga gidajen gine-gine, gabobin sanyi da kogon duxun yayin zubar da kankare. A fasa a cikin rami sallamar ambaliya lalacewa ta hanyar matalauta toshe ƙarfafawa da grouting za a iya yadda ya kamata kashe ta sinadaran grouting tare da high-permeability modified epoxy guduro kayan; Ƙarshe na ƙarshe da ya haifar da matsanancin zafi na hydration na kankare, Ana iya magance Cracks kuma a hana shi yadda ya kamata ta hanyar rage yawan siminti da kuma amfani da polycarboxylate superplasticizer da C9035 kayan kankare.
Lokacin aikawa: Janairu-17-2022
