Njira zothandizira ndi kupewa ming'alu ya konkire mu ngalande yotulutsa kusefukira kwa hydropower station
1.1 Chidule cha polojekiti yotulutsa madzi osefukira a Shuanghekou Hydropower Station mumtsinje wa Mengjiang
Kusefukira kwa madzi osefukira ku Shuanghekou Hydropower Station mumtsinje wa Mengjiang ku Guizhou Province kumatenga mawonekedwe a chipata cha mzindawo. Msewu wonse ndi 528 m kutalika, ndipo khomo ndi kutuluka pansi okwera ndi 536.65 ndi 494.2 m motsatana. Pakati pawo, pambuyo pa kusungirako madzi koyamba kwa Shuanghekou Hydropower Station , Pambuyo poyang'anitsitsa pamalowo, anapeza kuti pamene mlingo wa madzi m'dera losungiramo madzi unali wapamwamba kusiyana ndi kukwera pamwamba pa pulagi ya chigumula cha kusefukira kwa madzi, zitsulo zomanga ndi zozizira za konkire za pansi pazitsulo zamutu wautali zomwe zinkayenda shaft zinapangidwa ndi madzi a seepage kuchuluka kwa madzi, ndipo gawo la madzi limatuluka. kukwera ndi kupitiriza kukula. Pa nthawi yomweyo, madzi seepage imapezekanso kumbali khoma konkire olowa ozizira olowa ndi kumanga mfundo mu ankakonda kutsinde gawo la Longzhuang. Pambuyo pofufuza ndi kufufuza ndi ogwira ntchito oyenerera, anapeza kuti zifukwa zazikulu za kuphulika kwa madzi m'maderawa zinali chifukwa cha mikhalidwe yoipa ya miyala ya miyala mu ngalandezi, chithandizo chosagwira ntchito chamagulu omangamanga, kubadwa kwa ziwalo zozizira panthawi yothira konkire, komanso kusakanizidwa bwino ndi kudulidwa kwa mapulagi a duxun. Jia et al. Kuti izi zitheke, ogwira nawo ntchito adapereka njira yopangira mankhwala opangira mankhwala pamalo otsetsereka kuti aletse bwino kutulutsa ndikuchotsa ming'alu.
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1.2 Chithandizo cha ming'alu mumsewu wotulutsa madzi osefukira a Shuanghekou Hydropower Station mumtsinje wa Mengjiang
Magawo onse osefukira a ngalande yotulutsa madzi osefukira a Luding Hydropower Station ndi opangidwa ndi konkriti ya HFC40, ndipo ming'alu yambiri yobwera chifukwa cha kumangidwa kwa madamu opangira magetsi amagawidwa pano. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, ming'aluyi imakhazikika kwambiri mu gawo la 0+180~0+600 la damulo. Malo akuluakulu a ming'alu ndi khoma lakumbali lomwe lili ndi mtunda wa 1 ~ 7m kuchokera pansi, ndipo m'lifupi mwake ndi pafupifupi 0.1 mm, makamaka panyumba iliyonse yosungiramo katundu. Gawo lapakati la kugawa ndilofala kwambiri. Pakati pawo, ngodya ya zochitika za ming'alu ndi ngodya yopingasa imakhalabe yaikulu kuposa kapena yofanana ndi 45. , mawonekedwewo ndi osweka ndi osakhazikika, ndipo ming'alu yomwe imatulutsa madzi amadzimadzi nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi madzi ochepa, pamene ming'alu yambiri imangowoneka yonyowa pamtunda ndi ma watermarks amawoneka pamwamba pa konkire, koma pali zizindikiro zochepa zoonekera za madzi. Palibe madzi oyenda pang'ono. Poona nthawi yachitukuko cha ming'alu, amadziwika kuti ming'alu idzawoneka pamene formwork imachotsedwa maola 24 pambuyo pa kutsanulira konkriti kumayambiriro, ndiyeno ming'aluyi idzafika pang'onopang'ono mpaka patatha masiku 7 kuchokera kuchotsedwa kwa formwork. Sichidzasiya kukula pang'onopang'ono mpaka L5-20 d mutatha kugwetsa.
2. Kuchiza ndi kupewa ming'alu ya konkire mu ngalande zotulutsa kusefukira kwa malo opangira mphamvu zamagetsi
2.1 Chemical grouting njira ya spillway ngalande ya Shuanghekou Hydropower Station
2.1.1 Chiyambi, makhalidwe ndi kasinthidwe ka zipangizo
Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi slurry ndi PCI-CW high permeability yosinthidwa epoxy resin. Nkhaniyi imakhala ndi mphamvu yogwirizana kwambiri, ndipo imatha kuchiritsidwa kutentha kwa chipinda, ndi kuchepa pang'ono pambuyo pochiritsidwa, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo, imakhala ndi zizindikiro za mphamvu zamakina apamwamba komanso kukana kutentha kosasunthika, kotero imakhala ndi madzi abwino oletsa madzi ndi kutayikira. Mtundu woterewu wolimbikitsira zinthu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonza ndi kulimbikitsa ntchito zosunga madzi. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthuzi zilinso ndi maubwino osavuta, magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri oteteza chilengedwe, komanso osawononga chilengedwe.
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2.1.2 Njira zomanga
Choyamba, yang'anani seams ndi kubowola mabowo. Sambani ming'alu yomwe imapezeka mumsewu wotayira ndi madzi othamanga kwambiri ndikutembenuza pamwamba pa konkire, ndipo fufuzani chifukwa cha ming'alu ndi momwe ming'alu imayendera. Ndipo tsatirani njira yophatikizira dzenje lolowera ndi dzenje lobowola. Mukamaliza kubowola dzenje lolowera, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wothamanga kwambiri komanso mfuti yamadzi yothamanga kwambiri kuti muwone dzenje ndi kusweka, ndikumaliza kusonkhanitsa deta ya kukula kwa mng'alu.
Chachiwiri, mabowo a nsalu, mabowo otsekera ndi ma seams osindikiza. Apanso, gwiritsani ntchito mpweya wothamanga kwambiri kuti muchotse dzenje la grouting kuti limangidwe, ndikuchotsani matope omwe aikidwa pansi pa dzenje ndi pakhoma la dzenje, ndiyeno yikani chotsekereza chotchinga ndikuchiyika pa dzenje la chitoliro. Kuzindikiritsa mabowo a grout ndi mpweya. Pambuyo pokonza mabowo, gwiritsani ntchito PSI-130 plugging agent kuti mutseke zibowo, ndikugwiritsanso ntchito simenti ya epoxy kuti mulimbikitse kusindikiza kwa ma cavities. Mukatseka potsegulira, m'pofunika kukumba poyambira 2cm m'lifupi ndi 2cm kuya motsatira kumene ming'alu ya konkire imadutsa. Mukamaliza kuyeretsa poyambira ndi kuthira madzi othamanga, gwiritsani ntchito plug mwachangu kuti mutseke poyambira.
Apanso, mutayang'ana mpweya wabwino wa payipi yokwiriridwa, yambani ntchito ya grouting. Panthawi ya grouting, mabowo osamvetseka oblique amayamba kudzazidwa, ndipo chiwerengero cha mabowo chimakonzedwa molingana ndi kutalika kwa ndondomeko yeniyeni yomanga. Pamene grouting m'pofunika kuganizira mozama chikhalidwe grouting mabowo moyandikana. Pamene mabowo oyandikana nawo ali ndi grouting, madzi onse m'mabowo a grouting amayenera kutsanulidwa, ndiyeno agwirizane ndi chitoliro cha grouting ndi grouted. Malingana ndi njira yomwe ili pamwambayi, dzenje lililonse limadulidwa kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi ndi pansi mpaka pamwamba.
Njira zothandizira ndi kupewa ming'alu ya konkire mu ngalande yotulutsa kusefukira kwa hydropower station
Pomaliza, grout amatha muyezo. Muyezo wapanikiziro wa mankhwala grouting a ming'alu ya konkriti mu spillway ndi mtengo womwe umaperekedwa ndi mapangidwewo. Nthawi zambiri, kuthamanga kwambiri kwa grouting kuyenera kukhala kochepera kapena kofanana ndi 1.5 MPa. Kutsimikiza kwa mapeto a grouting kumachokera ku kuchuluka kwa jekeseni ndi kukula kwa kuthamanga kwa grouting. Chofunikira chachikulu ndikuti kupanikizika kwa grouting kukafika pamtunda, grouting sidzalowanso dzenje mkati mwa 30mm. Panthawi imeneyi, ntchito yomanga chitoliro ndi kutseka kwa slurry ikhoza kuchitidwa.
Zomwe zimayambitsa ndi njira zochizira ming'alu yamadzi osefukira a Luding Hydropower Station
2.2.1 Kuwunika zomwe zidayambitsa kusefukira kwamadzi ku Luding Hydropower Station
Choyamba, zopangira zimakhala ndi zosagwirizana komanso zokhazikika. Kachiwiri, kuchuluka kwa simenti mu chiŵerengero chosakaniza ndi chachikulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti konkire ipange kutentha kwambiri kwa hydration. Kachiwiri, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa matenthedwe ochulukirapo a miyala yamchere m'mitsinje ya mitsinje, pamene kutentha kumasintha, ma aggregates ndi zinthu zomwe zimatchedwa coagulating zidzasokoneza. Chachitatu, konkire ya HF ili ndi zofunikira zaukadaulo wapamwamba, ndizovuta kudziwa bwino ntchito yomanga, komanso kuwongolera nthawi ndi njira yogwedezeka sikungakwaniritse zofunikira. Kuonjezera apo, chifukwa cha kusefukira kwa madzi osefukira a Luding Hydropower Station amalowa, kutuluka kwa mpweya wamphamvu kumachitika, zomwe zimapangitsa kutentha kochepa mkati mwa ngalandeyo, zomwe zimapangitsa kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kutentha pakati pa konkire ndi chilengedwe chakunja.
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2.2.2 Njira zochizira ndi kupewa ming'alu yotulutsa madzi osefukira
(1) Pofuna kuchepetsa mpweya wabwino mumsewu ndikuteteza kutentha kwa konkriti, kuti muchepetse kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa konkire ndi chilengedwe chakunja, chimango chopindika chikhoza kukhazikitsidwa potuluka mumsewu wotayira, ndipo chinsalu chotchinga chikhoza kupachikidwa.
(2) Pansi pokwaniritsa zofunikira zamphamvu, gawo la konkire liyenera kusinthidwa, kuchuluka kwa simenti kuyenera kuchepetsedwa momwe kungathekere, komanso kuchuluka kwa phulusa la ntchentche kuyenera kuonjezeredwa nthawi yomweyo, kuti kutentha kwa konkriti kuchepetsedwa, kuti muchepetse kutentha kwamkati ndi kunja kwa konkriti. kusiyana kwa kutentha.
(3) Gwiritsani ntchito kompyuta kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe awonjezeredwa, kuti chiŵerengero cha simenti chamadzi chiziwongoleredwa mosamalitsa pakusakaniza konkire. Tikumbukenso kuti pa kusanganikirana, pofuna kuchepetsa kutentha kwa zopangira kubwereketsa, m`pofunika kutengera ndi otsika kutentha. Ponyamula konkire m'chilimwe, kutentha koyenera ndi njira zoziziritsira ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti muchepetse kutentha kwa konkire panthawi yoyendetsa.
(4) Njira yogwedezeka iyenera kuyendetsedwa mosamalitsa pomanga, ndipo ntchito yogwedezeka imalimbikitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ndodo zosinthika za shaft zokhala ndi ma diameter a 100 mm ndi 70 mm.
(5) Yang'anirani mwamphamvu liwiro la konkriti lolowa m'nyumba yosungiramo katundu, kuti liwiro lake lokwera likhale lochepera kapena lofanana ndi 0.8 m / h.
(6) Wonjezerani nthawi yochotsa konkire kufika nthawi imodzi pa nthawi yoyambirira, ndiko kuti, kuyambira 24 h mpaka 48 h.
(7) Mukatha kugwetsa mafomu, tumizani antchito apadera kuti agwire ntchito yokonza kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa pa ntchito ya konkire munthawi yake. Madzi osamalira ayenera kusungidwa pa 20 ℃ kapena pamwamba pa madzi ofunda, ndipo pamwamba pa konkire kuyenera kukhala konyowa.
(8) Thermometer imayikidwa m'nyumba yosungiramo konkire, kutentha mkati mwa konkire kumawunikidwa, ndipo mgwirizano pakati pa kusintha kwa kutentha kwa konkriti ndi m'badwo wa ming'alu umawunikidwa bwino.
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Pofufuza zomwe zimayambitsa ndi njira zochiritsira za kusefukira kwa madzi osefukira a Shuanghekou Hydropower Station ndi kusefukira kwa madzi a Luding Hydropower Station, zimadziwika kuti zakale zimakhala chifukwa cha kusakhala bwino kwa nthaka, chithandizo chosagwira ntchito cha zomangamanga, malo ozizira ndi mapanga a duxun panthawi yothira konkire. The ming'alu mu ngalande kukhetsa kusefukira chifukwa cha osauka pulagi kuphatikiza ndi grouting akhoza bwino kuponderezedwa ndi mankhwala grouting ndi mkulu-permeability kusinthidwa epoxy utomoni zipangizo; ming'alu yotsirizirayi chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri kwa hydration ya konkire, Ming'alu imatha kuthandizidwa ndikupewa bwino pochepetsa kuchuluka kwa simenti ndikugwiritsa ntchito polycarboxylate superplasticizer ndi C9035 konkriti.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-17-2022
