I roto i ngā awa tūturu, ka rere te wai mai i te awa ki raro, ka konatunatua ki te paru, ā, he maha ngā wā ka horoia te takotoranga o te awa me ngā pari o te tahataha, e whakaatu ana he nui te kaha kei roto i te wai. I raro i ngā āhuatanga tūturu, ka pau tēnei kaha pūmanawa i te horoi, te pana paru me te wikitoria i te ātete waku. Ki te hanga tātou i ētahi whare, ā, ka tāutahia ētahi taputapu e tika ana hei hanga i te rere pumau o te wai mā roto i te tāwhana wai, ka peia te tāwhana wai e te ia wai, pērā i te mira hau, ka taea te huri tonu, ā, ka hurihia te kaha wai hei kaha miihini. Ina peia e te tāwhana wai te pūkaha hiko kia huri tahi, ka taea te whakaputa hiko, ā, ka hurihia te kaha wai hei kaha hiko. Koinei te kaupapa matua o te whakaputa hiko wai. Ko ngā tāwhana wai me ngā pūkaha hiko ngā taputapu tino taketake mō te whakaputa hiko wai. Tukua ahau kia hoatu he whakataki poto ki a koe mō te mōhiotanga iti mō te whakaputa hiko wai.
1. Te hiko wai me te hiko rere wai
I roto i te hoahoa o tētahi teihana hiko wai, kia taea ai te whakatau i te tauine o te teihana hiko, me mōhio ki te kaha whakaputa hiko o te teihana hiko. E ai ki ngā mātāpono taketake o te whakaputa hiko wai, ehara i te mea uaua ki te kite ko te kaha whakaputa hiko o tētahi teihana hiko ka whakatauhia e te nui o te mahi ka taea e te ia. Ka kiia e mātou te mahi katoa ka taea e te wai te mahi i roto i tētahi wā motuhake he pūngao wai, ā, ko te mahi ka taea te mahi i roto i tētahi wae wā (hekona) ka kiia ko te mana ia. He mārama, ko te nui ake o te kaha o te rere o te wai, ko te nui ake o te kaha whakaputa hiko o te teihana hiko. Nō reira, kia mōhio ai ki te kaha whakaputa hiko o te teihana hiko, me tatau tuatahi tātou i te kaha rere o te wai. Ka taea te tatau i te kaha rere o te wai i roto i te awa i tēnei ara, me te whakaaro ko te maturuturunga o te mata o te wai i tētahi wāhanga o te awa ko H (mita), ā, ko te nui o te wai o H e haere ana i roto i te whakawhiti-wāhanga o te awa i roto i te wae wā (hekona) ko Q (mita pūtoru/hekona), kātahi ka rite te mana rere o te wāhanga ki te hua o te taumaha o te wai me te maturuturunga. He mārama, ka nui ake te rere o te wai, ka nui ake hoki te kaha o te rere o te wai.
2. Ngā putanga o ngā teihana hiko wai
I raro i tētahi taumata me te rere, ko te hiko ka taea e te teihana hiko wai te whakaputa ka kiia ko te putanga hiko wai. He mārama, ko te kaha putanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te kaha o te rere o te wai i roto i te tāpine. I roto i te tukanga o te huri i te kaha wai hei kaha hiko, me kaha ake te wai i te ātete o ngā awaawa, o ngā whare rānei i te huarahi mai i te taha whakarunga ki raro. Me kaha ake hoki ngā tāpine wai, ngā whakaputa hiko, me ngā taputapu tuku i ngā ātete maha i te wā e mahi ana. Hei wikitoria i te ātete, me mahi te mahi, ā, ka pau te kaha rere o te wai, he mea e kore e taea te karo. Nō reira, ko te kaha rere o te wai ka taea te whakamahi hei whakaputa hiko he iti ake i te uara i whiwhihia e te tātai, arā, ko te putanga o te teihana hiko wai me rite ki te kaha rere o te wai kua whakareatia ki te tauwehe iti iho i te 1. Ka kiia hoki tēnei tauwehenga ko te whai huatanga o te teihana hiko wai.
Ko te uara motuhake o te whai huatanga o tētahi teihana hiko wai e pā ana ki te nui o te ngaronga pūngao e puta ana i te wa e rere ana te wai i roto i te whare me te tāpine wai, ngā taputapu tuku, te whakaputa hiko, me ētahi atu. Ki te nui ake te ngaronga, ka iti ake te whai huatanga. I roto i tētahi teihana hiko wai iti, ko te tapeke o ēnei ngaronga e pā ana ki te 25-40% o te mana o te rere o te wai. Arā, ko te rere o te wai ka taea te whakaputa i te 100 kirowati o te hiko ka uru ki te teihana hiko wai, ā, ka taea e te whakaputa hiko te whakaputa i te 60 ki te 75 kirowati anake, nō reira ko te whai huatanga o te teihana hiko wai he rite ki te 60~75%.
E kitea ana i te whakataki o mua, ina pumau te rere o te tere me te rerekētanga o te taumata wai o te teihana hiko, ka whakawhirinaki te putanga hiko o te teihana hiko ki te pai o te mahi. Kua whakamātauhia e ngā mahi, haunga te mahi a ngā tāwhana waipēhi, ngā whakaputa hiko me ngā taputapu tuku hiko, ko ētahi atu āhuatanga e pā ana ki te pai o ngā teihana hiko wai, pērā i te kounga o te hanganga whare me te tāutanga taputapu, te kounga o te whakahaere me te whakahaere, me te tika o te hoahoa o te teihana hiko wai, he āhuatanga katoa ēnei e pā ana ki te pai o te teihana hiko wai. Ko te tikanga, ko ētahi o ēnei āhuatanga he mea matua, ko ētahi he mea tuarua, ā, i raro i ētahi āhuatanga, ka huri hoki ngā āhuatanga matua me ngā āhuatanga tuarua tetahi ki tetahi.
Heoi, ahakoa te aha te take, ko te mea nui ko te kore e noho hei taonga te tangata, ko ngā mīhini kei raro i te mana o te tangata, ā, ko te whakaaro te kaiwhakahaere o te hangarau. Nō reira, i roto i te hoahoa, te hanga me te whiriwhiri taputapu o ngā teihana hiko wai, me aro nui ki te tūranga takitahi o te tangata, me te whai kia pai te hangarau hei whakaiti i te ngaronga pūngao o te rere o te wai i te mea ka taea. Koinei te take mō ētahi teihana hiko wai he iti noa te maturuturunga wai. He mea tino nui tēnei. I taua wā anō, me whakapakari ake te whakahaere me te whakahaere i ngā teihana hiko wai, kia pai ake ai te whai huatanga o ngā teihana hiko, kia whakamahia katoatia ai ngā rauemi wai, kia taea ai e ngā teihana hiko wai iti te whai wāhi nui ake.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-09-2021
