Uyilo lweWaterwheel lwamandla e-Hydro
I-hydro energy icon I-hydro energy yiteknoloji eguqula amandla e-kinetic amanzi ahambayo abe ngamandla oomatshini okanye ombane, kwaye esinye sezixhobo zokuqala ezisetyenzisiweyo ukuguqula amandla amanzi ahambayo abe ngumsebenzi osebenzisekayo yayiyi-Waterwheel Design.
Uyilo lwamavili amanzi luye lwaphucuka ngokuhamba kwexesha, amanye amavili amanzi ejonge ngokuthe nkqo, amanye ethe tye kwaye amanye enee-pulleys kunye neegiya ezidityanisiweyo, kodwa zonke zenzelwe ukwenza umsebenzi ofanayo, kwaye oko kuthetha ukuba, "ziguqula intshukumo ethe tye yamanzi ahambayo ibe yintshukumo ejikelezayo enokusetyenziswa ukuqhuba nayiphi na into yomatshini eqhagamshelwe kuyo ngeshafti ejikelezayo".
Uyilo oluqhelekileyo lweWaterwheel
Uyilo lwangaphambili lweWaterwheel yayiziimatshini zakudala nezilula ezaziquka ivili elime nkqo lomthi elinamabala omthi okanye iibhakethi ezixhonywe ngokulinganayo kujikelezo lwazo zonke zixhaswe kwishafti ethe tye kunye namandla amanzi ahamba phantsi kwayo etyhala ivili kwicala elithe tyaba nxamnye nala macala.
La mavili amanzi athe nkqo ayengcono kakhulu kunoyilo lwangaphambili lwamavili amanzi atyebileyo ngamaGrike namaYiputa amandulo, kuba ayenokusebenza kakuhle ngokuguqulela amandla amanzi ahambayo. Iipulleys kunye neegiya zazincamathiselwa kwivili lamanzi elalivumela utshintsho kwicala lomngxuma ojikelezayo ukusuka kwicala elithe nkqo ukuya kwelinye ukuze kusetyenziswe amatye okugaya, umthi wokusika, ukutyumza isinyithi, ukunyathela kunye nokusika njl.
Iintlobo zoYilo lweSondo lwaManzi
Uninzi lweeWaterwheels ezaziwa ngokuba ziiWatermills okanye iiWater Wheels, ziivili ezifakwe ngokuthe nkqo ezijikeleza i-axle ethe tye, kwaye olu hlobo lweewaterwheels luhlulwa ngokwendlela amanzi asetyenziswa ngayo kwivili, xa kuthelekiswa ne-axle yevili. Njengoko unokulindela, iiwaterwheels ziimatshini ezinkulu ezijikeleza ngesantya esiphantsi se-angular, kwaye zisebenza kancinci, ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kukungqubana kunye nokuzaliswa okungaphelelanga kweebhakethi, njl.
Isenzo samanzi atyhala amavili eebhakethi okanye iipaddles senza i-torque kwi-axle kodwa ngokuwaqondisa la manzi kula ma-paddles nakwiibhakethi ukusuka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwivili, isantya sokujikeleza kunye nokusebenza kwawo kunokuphuculwa. Iintlobo ezimbini eziqhelekileyo zoyilo lwamavili eewaterwheel yi-"undershot waterwheel" kunye ne-"overshot waterwheel".
Uyilo lwevili lamanzi olungaphantsi kwesithombe
Uyilo lwevili lamanzi oluphantsi, olwaziwa ngokuba yi-"stream wheel" yayiluhlobo lwevili lamanzi olusetyenziswa kakhulu olwayilwa ngamaGrike namaRoma amandulo njengoko lolona hlobo lwevili lulula, olungabizi kakhulu nolulula kakhulu ukulwenza.
Kolu hlobo loyilo lwamavili amanzi, ivili lifakwa ngqo emlanjeni ohamba ngokukhawuleza kwaye lixhaswe ukusuka phezulu. Intshukumo yamanzi angaphantsi idala isenzo sokutyhala ngokuchasene namaphedi angaphantsi kwamanzi kwinxalenye esezantsi yevili evumela ukuba lijikeleze kwicala elinye kuphela xa kuthelekiswa necala lokuhamba kwamanzi.
Olu hlobo loyilo lwamavili amanzi lusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezithe tyaba ezingenamthambeka wendalo womhlaba okanye apho ukuhamba kwamanzi kuhamba ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zoyilo lwamavili amanzi, olu hlobo loyilo alusebenzi kakuhle, kwaye incinci njenge-20% yamandla anokubakho amanzi asetyenziselwa ukujikeleza ivili. Kwakhona amandla amanzi asetyenziswa kube kanye kuphela ukujikeleza ivili, emva koko ahamba kunye namanye amanzi.
Enye ingxaki yevili lamanzi elingaphantsi komgca kukuba lifuna amanzi amaninzi ahamba ngesantya esiphezulu. Ke ngoko, amavili amanzi angaphantsi komgca ahlala emacaleni emilambo njengoko imilambo emincinci okanye imilambo ingenawo amandla aneleyo emanzini ahambayo.
Enye indlela yokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwevili lamanzi elingaphantsi komlambo kukuphambukisa ipesenti yamanzi asemlanjeni ecaleni komjelo omxinwa okanye umjelo ukuze i-100% yamanzi ajikelezisiweyo isetyenziswe ukujikelezisa ivili. Ukuze kufezekiswe oku, ivili elingaphantsi komlambo kufuneka libe mxinwa kwaye lilingane ngokuchanekileyo ngaphakathi komjelo ukuthintela amanzi ukuba angaphumi emacaleni okanye ngokwandisa inani okanye ubungakanani beepaddles.
Uyilo lwe-Overshot Waterwheel
Uyilo lwevili lamanzi oluyi-Overshot lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo loyilo lwevili lamanzi. Ivili lamanzi eliyi-overshot liyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kwindlela elakhiwe ngayo neliyilwe ngayo kunevili lamanzi eliyi-undershot langaphambili njengoko lisebenzisa iibhakethi okanye iindawo ezincinci ukubamba nokubamba amanzi.
Ezi bhakethi zizala ngamanzi angena phezulu kwevili. Ubunzima bomxhuzulane bamanzi kwiibhakethi ezizeleyo bubangela ukuba ivili lijikeleze i-axis yalo esembindini njengoko iibhakethi ezingenanto kwelinye icala levili ziba lula.
Olu hlobo lwevili lamanzi lusebenzisa amandla angaphantsi komhlaba ukuphucula amandla okukhupha kunye namanzi ngokwawo, ngoko ke amavili angaphezulu komhlaba asebenza kakuhle kakhulu kuneedizayini ezingaphantsi komhlaba njengoko phantse onke amanzi kunye nobunzima bawo zisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa amandla okukhupha. Nangona kunjalo, njengangaphambili, amandla amanzi asetyenziswa kube kanye kuphela ukujikeleza ivili, emva koko ahamba kunye namanye amanzi.
Amavili amanzi angaphezulu axhonywe phezu komlambo okanye umlambo kwaye ngokubanzi akhiwe emacaleni eenduli enika amanzi avela phezulu kunye nentloko esezantsi (umgama othe nkqo phakathi kwamanzi phezulu nomlambo okanye umlambo ongezantsi) ophakathi kweemitha ezi-5 ukuya kwezingama-20. Idama elincinci okanye i-weir inokwakhiwa kwaye isetyenziswe zombini ukuhambisa amanzi kunye nokwandisa isantya samanzi ukuya phezulu kwevili elinika amandla angakumbi kodwa ngumthamo wamanzi endaweni yesantya sawo esinceda ukujikeleza ivili.
Ngokubanzi, amavili amanzi angaphezulu akhiwe makhulu kangangoko ukuze anike umgama omkhulu kangangoko ukuba ubunzima bomxhuzulane bamanzi bujikeleze ivili. Nangona kunjalo, amavili amanzi amanzi amakhulu anobubanzi obungaphezulu anzima kwaye abiza kakhulu ukuwakha ngenxa yobunzima bevili namanzi.
Xa iibhakethi nganye zizaliswe ngamanzi, ubunzima bomxhuzulane bamanzi bubangela ukuba ivili lijikeleze kwicala lokuhamba kwamanzi. Njengoko i-engile yokujikeleza isondela ezantsi kwevili, amanzi angaphakathi kwebhakethi athululela emlanjeni okanye emlanjeni ongezantsi, kodwa ubunzima beebhakethi ezijikelezayo emva kwayo bubangela ukuba ivili liqhubeke ngesantya salo sokujikeleza. Ibhakethi engenanto iyaqhubeka ijikeleze ivili elijikelezayo ide ibuyele phezulu kwakhona ilungele ukugcwaliswa ngamanzi amaninzi kwaye umjikelo uyaphinda. Enye yezinto ezingalunganga zoyilo lwevili lamanzi elingaphezulu kukuba amanzi asetyenziswa kube kanye kuphela njengoko ehamba phezu kwevili.
Uyilo lwePitchback Waterwheel
Uyilo lwePitchback Water Wheel lutshintsho kwivili lamanzi elingaphezulu kwevili langaphambili njengoko likwasebenzisa ubunzima bomxhuzulane wamanzi ukunceda ukujikeleza ivili, kodwa likwasebenzisa ukuhamba kwamanzi amdaka angaphantsi kwalo ukunika ukutyhala okongeziweyo. Olu hlobo loyilo lwevili lamanzi lusebenzisa inkqubo yokungenisa amanzi entloko ephantsi enika amanzi kufutshane nephezulu levili ukusuka kwindawo engasentla.
Ngokungafaniyo nevili lamanzi elihamba ngaphezulu elalihambisa amanzi ngqo phezu kwevili lize liwenze ajikeleze kwicala lokuhamba kwamanzi, ivili lamanzi elihamba emva kwevili liwondla amanzi ngokuthe nkqo ezantsi nge-funnel lize lingene ebhakethini elingezantsi lize libangele ukuba ivili lijikeleze kwicala elichaseneyo nokuhamba kwamanzi angaphezulu.
Njengakwivili lamanzi elingaphambili elingaphezulu, ubunzima bomxhuzulane bamanzi kwiibhakethi bubangela ukuba ivili lijikeleze kodwa ngendlela echasene newotshi. Njengoko i-engile yokujikeleza isondela ezantsi kwevili, amanzi avaleleke ngaphakathi kwiibhakethi ayaphuma ngaphantsi. Njengoko ibhakethi engenanto inamathele kwivili, iyaqhubeka nokujikeleza nevili njengangaphambili ide ibuyele phezulu kwakhona ilungele ukugcwaliswa ngamanzi amaninzi kwaye umjikelo uyaphinda.
Umahluko ngeli xesha kukuba amanzi amdaka aphuma kwibhakethi ejikelezayo ahamba aye kwicala levili elijikelezayo (njengoko lingenandawo yokuya), njengevili eliphantsi kwamanzi eliphambili. Ngoko ke inzuzo ephambili yevili lamanzi elijikelezayo kukuba lisebenzisa amandla amanzi kabini, kube kanye ukusuka phezulu kwaye kube kanye ukusuka ngaphantsi ukujikeleza ivili lijikeleze i-axis yalo ephakathi.
Isiphumo kukuba ukusebenza kakuhle koyilo lwevili lamanzi kunyuswe kakhulu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-80% yamandla amanzi njengoko kuqhutywa bubunzima bomxhuzulane wamanzi angenayo kunye namandla okanye uxinzelelo lwamanzi olujoliswe kwiibhakethi ezivela phezulu, kunye nokuhamba kwamanzi amdaka angaphantsi atyhala iibhakethi. Nangona kunjalo, ingxaki yevili lamanzi elibuyela umva kukuba lifuna ulungiselelo oluntsonkothileyo lokubonelela ngamanzi ngokuthe ngqo ngaphezulu kwevili elinee-chutes kunye nee-pentroughs.
Uyilo lweBreastshot Waterwheel
Uyilo lwevili lamanzi iBreastshot lolunye uyilo lwevili lamanzi olubekwe ngokuthe nkqo apho amanzi angena kwiibhakethi malunga nesiqingatha sendlela phezulu kubude be-axle, okanye ngaphezulu kwayo, aze aphume ezantsi kwicala lokujikeleza kwamavili. Ngokubanzi, ivili lamanzi i-breastshot lisetyenziswa kwiimeko apho intloko yamanzi inganelanga ukunika amandla uyilo lwevili lamanzi elingaphezulu okanye elingaphezulu ukusuka phezulu.
Ingxaki apha kukuba ubunzima bomxhuzulane bamanzi busetyenziswa kuphela malunga nekota enye yokujikeleza ngokungafaniyo ngaphambili, nto leyo eyayisetyenziswa kwisiqingatha sokujikeleza. Ukuze koyiswe obu bude bentloko buphantsi, iibhakethi zamavili amanzi zenziwa zibe banzi ukuze kukhutshwe amandla afunekayo emanzini.
Amavili amanzi eBreastshot asebenzisa ubunzima obufanayo bomxhuzulane wamanzi ukujikelezisa ivili kodwa njengoko ukuphakama kwentloko yamanzi kumalunga nesiqingatha sokuphakama kwevili lamanzi eliqhelekileyo, amabhakethi abanzi kakhulu kunoyilo lwangaphambili lwamavili amanzi ukwandisa umthamo wamanzi abanjwe kwiibhakethi. Ingxaki yolu hlobo loyilo kukwanda kobubanzi nobunzima bamanzi athwalwa yibhakethi nganye. Njengoyilo lwe-pitchback, ivili le-breastshot lisebenzisa amandla amanzi kabini njengoko ivili lamanzi lenzelwe ukuhlala emanzini okuvumela amanzi amdaka ukuba ancede ekujikeleziseni ivili njengoko lihamba lisiya emlanjeni.
Ukuvelisa Umbane Usebenzisa I-Waterwheel
Ngokwembali amavili amanzi ebesetyenziswa ekugayeni umgubo, iinkozo kunye neminye imisebenzi enjalo yoomatshini. Kodwa amavili amanzi angasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa umbane, obizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yamandla eHydro. Ngokuqhagamshela ijenereyitha yombane kwishafti ejikelezayo yamavili amanzi, nokuba ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo kusetyenziswa iibhanti zokuqhuba kunye neepulleys, amavili amanzi angasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa umbane rhoqo iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku ngokungafaniyo namandla elanga. Ukuba ivili lamanzi lenziwe ngokuchanekileyo, inkqubo encinci okanye "encinci" yamanzi inokuvelisa umbane owaneleyo wokukhanyisa kunye/okanye izixhobo zombane kwikhaya eliqhelekileyo.
Khangela iiJenereyitha zamavili amanzi ezenzelwe ukuvelisa imveliso yazo efanelekileyo ngesantya esiphantsi. Kwiiprojekthi ezincinci, i-DC motor encinci ingasetyenziswa njengejenereyitha enesantya esiphantsi okanye i-alternator yeemoto kodwa ezi zenzelwe ukusebenza ngesantya esiphezulu kakhulu ngoko ke uhlobo oluthile lwegiya lunokufuneka. Ijenereyitha ye-wind turbine yenza ijenereyitha yamavili amanzi efanelekileyo njengoko yenzelwe ukusebenza ngesantya esiphantsi, kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu.
Ukuba kukho umlambo okanye umsinga ohamba ngokukhawuleza kufutshane nekhaya lakho okanye igadi onokuyisebenzisa, inkqubo yamandla amanzi encinci inokuba lolunye uhlobo olungcono kunezinye iintlobo zamandla avuselelekayo afana “ne-Wind Energy” okanye “ne-Solar Energy” kuba ayinampembelelo ingako ebonakalayo. Kwakhona njengamandla omoya kunye nelanga, kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa amanzi encinci eqhagamshelwe kwigridi eqhagamshelwe kwigridi yezixhobo zasekuhlaleni, nawuphi na umbane owuvelisayo kodwa ongawusebenzisiyo ungathengiswa kwakhona kwinkampani yombane.
Kwisifundo esilandelayo malunga neHydro Energy, siza kujonga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeturbines ezikhoyo esinokuzincamathisela kuyilo lwethu lwewaterwheel ukuze kuveliswe umbane ngamanzi. Ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga neWaterwheel Design kunye nendlela yokuvelisa umbane wakho usebenzisa amandla amanzi, okanye ufumane ulwazi oluthe kratya nge-hydro energy malunga noyilo lwewaterwheel ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo, okanye ukuphonononga iingenelo kunye nokungalungi kwamandla e-hydro energy, cofa apha ukuze u-odole ikopi yakho kwi-Amazon namhlanje malunga nemigaqo kunye nokwakhiwa kwama-waterwheels anokusetyenziswa ukuvelisa umbane.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Juni-25-2021
