Uyilo lwamavili eWater lwe-Hydro Energy
I-icon yamandla e-hydroI-Hydro energy bubuchwepheshe obuguqula amandla e-kinetic okuhamba kwamanzi abe ngumatshini okanye amandla ombane, kwaye esinye sezixhobo zokuqala ezisetyenzisiweyo ukuguqula amandla okuhambisa amanzi abe ngumsebenzi osebenzisekayo yayiyi-Waterwheel Design.
Uyilo lwamavili lwamanzi luye lwavela ngokuhamba kwexesha kunye namanye amavili amanzi ajonge ngokuthe nkqo, amanye ngokuthe tye kwaye amanye aneepuli kunye neegiya ezincanyathiselweyo, kodwa zonke ziyilelwe ukwenza umsebenzi ofanayo kwaye kunjalo, "guqula intshukumo yomgama wamanzi ashukumayo abe sisindululo esijikelezayo esinokusetyenziswa ukuqhuba naliphi na iqhekeza lomatshini eliqhagamshelwe kulo ngeshaft ejikelezayo.
Uyilo oluqhelekileyo lwevili lamanzi
Uyilo lwangaphambili lweWaterwheel yayinoomatshini bakudala kwaye abalula ababandakanya ivili leplanga elithe nkqo elinamacangca omthi okanye iiemele ezimiswe ngokulinganayo kwisangqa sazo zonke zixhaswe kwishafti ethe tyaba ngokunyanzeliswa kwamanzi aqukuqelayo ngaphantsi kwawo etyhala ivili kwicala elijonge ecaleni ngokuchasene neencakuba.
La mavili amanzi athe nkqo ayephezulu kakhulu kuyilo lwangaphambili oluthe tyaba lwamavili lwamanzi ngamaGrike namaJiphutha amandulo, kuba ayenokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo ekuguquleleni umfutho wamanzi ashukumayo kumandla. Iipulleys kunye ne gearing zaye zadityaniswa kwi-waterwheel evumela ukuba utshintsho kwicala le-shaft ejikelezayo ukusuka kwindawo ethe tyaba ukuya ngokuthe nkqo ukuze kusebenze amatye okusila, amaplanga omthi, ukutyumza i-ore, isitampu kunye nokusika njl njl.
Iindidi zoYilo lwevili laManzi
Uninzi lweeWaterwheels ezikwabizwa ngokuba ziiWatermill okanye ngokulula amavili Amanzi, ngamavili axhonywe ngokuthe nkqo ajikeleza malunga ne-axle ethe tye, kwaye ezi ntlobo zamavili amanzi zihlelwa ngendlela asetyenziswa ngayo amanzi kwivili, xa kuthelekiswa ne-asi yevili. Njengoko unokulindela, i-waterwheels ngoomatshini abakhulu abajikelezayo kwizantya eziphantsi ze-angular, kwaye banomsebenzi ophantsi, ngenxa yelahleko ngokukhuhla kunye nokuzaliswa okungaphelelanga kweebhakethi, njl.
Isenzo samanzi etyhalana kumavili amabhakethi okanye amaphini okubheqa aphuhlisa itorque kwi-asi kodwa ngokulawula amanzi kula maphini okubheqa kunye neeemele ukusuka kwindawo ezahlukeneyo kwivili isantya sokujikeleza kunye nokusebenza kwayo kungaphuculwa. Iindidi ezimbini eziqhelekileyo zoyilo lwevili lamanzi yi "undershot waterwheel" kunye ne "overshot waterwheel".
I-Undershot Water Wheel Design
I-Undershot Water Wheel Design, ekwaziwa ngokuba "livili lomsinga" lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lusetyenziswayo lwevili lamanzi eliyilwe ngamaGrike kunye namaRoma amandulo njengoko lelona vili lilula, libiza imali eninzi kwaye kulula ukulakha.
Kolu hlobo loyilo lwevili lamanzi, ivili libekwe nje ngokuthe ngqo kumlambo oqukuqelayo kwaye uxhaswe ukusuka phezulu. Ukushukuma kwamanzi angezantsi kwenza intshukumo yokutyhala ngokuchasene namaphini okubheqa angaphantsi kwamanzi kwindawo esezantsi yevili eyivumela ukuba ijikeleze kwicala elinye kuphela ngokunxulumene necala lokuhamba kwamanzi.
Olu hlobo loyilo lwevili lamanzi lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezithe tyaba ezingenalo ithambeka lendalo lomhlaba okanye apho ukuhamba kwamanzi kuhamba ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo. Xa kuthelekiswa nolunye uyilo lwamavili amanzi, olu hlobo loyilo alusebenzanga kakhulu, kunye nokuncinci ukuya kuma-20% wamandla anokuthi asetyenziswe ukujikeleza ivili. Kwakhona amandla emanzini asetyenziswa kube kanye kuphela ukujikelezisa ivili, emva koko aqukuqele emke nawo onke amanzi.
Enye into engalunganga yevili lamanzi angaphantsi kwamanzi kukuba lifuna amanzi amaninzi ahamba ngesantya. Ke ngoko, amavili angaphantsi kwamanzi ahlala elunxwemeni lwemilambo njengoko imijelo emincinci okanye imijelo ingenawo amandla aneleyo kumanzi ahambayo.
Enye indlela yokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kancinane kwevili lamanzi langaphantsi kukuphambukisa ipesenti ethile emanzini omlambo ecaleni komjelo omxinwa okanye umjelo ukuze i-100% lamanzi ajikiweyo asetyenziswe ukujikelezisa ivili. Ukuze kuphunyezwe oku ivili le-undershot kufuneka licuthe kwaye lilingane ngokuchanekileyo kakhulu ngaphakathi komjelo ukuthintela amanzi ukuba angaphumi emacaleni okanye ngokunyusa nokuba inani okanye ubungakanani beepaddles.
I-Overshot Waterwheel Design
I-Overshot Water Wheel Design lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo loyilo lwevili lamanzi. Isondo lamanzi eligqithisiweyo linzima kakhulu ekwakhiweni nasekuyilweni kwalo kunesondo langaphambili elingaphantsi kwamanzi njengoko lisebenzisa iibhakethi okanye amacandelo amancinci ukubamba kunye nokubamba amanzi.
Ezi emele zizaliswe ngamanzi aqukuqelayo apha phezulu kwivili. Ubunzima bomxhuzulane wamanzi kwii-emele ezigcweleyo bubangela ukuba ivili lijike lijikeleze i-axis yalo esembindini njengoko ii-emele ezingenanto kwelinye icala levili ziba khaphukhaphu.
Olu hlobo lwevili lamanzi lusebenzisa umxhuzulane ukuphucula imveliso kunye namanzi ngokwawo, ngoko ke amavili angaphezulu kwamanzi asebenza kakuhle kakhulu kunoyilo lwangaphantsi njengoko phantse onke amanzi kunye nobunzima bawo busetyenziselwa ukuvelisa amandla aphumayo. Nangona kunjalo njengangaphambili, amandla amanzi asetyenziswa kube kanye kuphela ukujikelezisa ivili, emva koko aqukuqele emke nawo onke amanzi.
Amavili angaphezulu kwamanzi axhonywe ngaphezu komlambo okanye umsinga kwaye akhiwe ngokubanzi emacaleni eenduli ebonelela ngobonelelo lwamanzi ukusuka phezulu ngentloko ephantsi (umgama othe nkqo phakathi kwamanzi phezulu kunye nomlambo okanye umsinga ongezantsi) ophakathi kwe-5-to-20 yeemitha. Idama elincinane okanye i-weir inokwakhiwa kwaye isetyenziswe kuwo omabini umjelo kwaye inyuse isantya samanzi ukuya phezulu kwivili inika amandla angaphezulu kodwa ngumthamo wamanzi kunesantya sawo esinceda ukujikeleza ivili.
Ngokubanzi, amavili angaphezulu kwamanzi akhiwe amakhulu kangangoko ukunika owona mgama mkhulu wentloko onokubakho kubunzima bomxhuzulane wamanzi ukujikeleza ivili. Nangona kunjalo, amavili amakhulu ajikeleza amanzi anzima kwaye abiza kakhulu ukuwakha ngenxa yobunzima bevili kunye namanzi.
Xa ii-emele ngabanye zizaliswa ngamanzi, ubunzima bomxhuzulane bamanzi bubangela ukuba ivili lijike lisingise kwicala lokuqukuqela kwamanzi. Njengoko i-engile yokujikeleza isondela ezantsi kwevili, amanzi angaphakathi kwi-emele akhuphela ngaphandle emlanjeni okanye kumsinga ongezantsi, kodwa ubunzima bee-emele ezijikelezayo emva kwalo bubangela ukuba ivili liqhubeke nesantya salo sokujikeleza. Ibhakethi engenanto iyaqhubeka ijikeleze ivili elijikelezayo ide ibuyele phezulu kwakhona ilungele ukuzaliswa ngamanzi amaninzi kwaye umjikelezo uphinda. Enye yezinto ezingeloncedo kuyilo lwevili lamanzi eligqithileyo kukuba amanzi asetyenziswa kube kanye xa equkuqela phezu kwevili.
Uyilo lwePitchback Waterwheel
I-Pitchback Water Wheel Design yiyantlukwano kwivili lamanzi elidluleyo langaphambili njengoko ikwasebenzisa ubunzima bomxhuzulane wamanzi ukunceda ukujikeleza ivili, kodwa ikwasebenzisa nokuhamba kwamanzi amdaka ngaphantsi kwawo ukunika utyhala olongezelelweyo. Olu hlobo loyilo lwevili lamanzi lusebenzisa isixokelelwano sentloko esezantsi ebonelela ngamanzi kufutshane nomphezulu wevili ukusuka kwi-pentrough ngaphezulu.
Ngokungafaniyo nevili lamanzi eligqithisayo elihambisa amanzi ngokuthe ngqo phezu kwevili libangela ukuba lijike kwicala lokuhamba kwamanzi, i-pitchback waterwheel yondla amanzi ngokuthe nkqo ukuya ezantsi ngefuneli nakwi-emele engezantsi ibangela ukuba ivili lijike kwelinye icala lokuhamba kwamanzi ngaphezulu.
Kanye njengevili lamanzi elidluleyo langaphambili, ubunzima bomxhuzulane wamanzi akwiiemele bubangela ukuba ivili lijike kodwa kwicala elichasene newotshi. Njengoko i-engile yokujikeleza isondela ezantsi kwevili, amanzi avaleleke ngaphakathi kwii-emele akhuphela ngaphandle. Njengoko ibhakethi engenanto ifakwe kwivili, iyaqhubeka ijikeleza kunye nevili njengangaphambili ide ibuyele phezulu iphinde ilungele ukuzaliswa ngamanzi amaninzi kwaye umjikelezo uphinda.
Umahluko ngeli xesha kukuba amanzi amdaka akhutshiweyo kwibhakethi ejikelezayo ahamba emke kwicala levili elijikelezayo (njengoko ingenayo enye indawo yokuya kuyo), efana nenqununu yamanzi angaphantsi kwamanzi. Ngaloo ndlela inzuzo ephambili ye-pitchback waterwheel kukuba isebenzisa amandla amanzi kabini, kube kanye ukusuka phezulu kwaye kube kanye ukusuka ngaphantsi ukujikeleza ivili kwi-axis yayo ephakathi.
Isiphumo sesokuba ukusebenza kakuhle koyilo lwevili lamanzi kunyuswe kakhulu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-80% yamandla amanzi njengoko iqhutywa bubunzima bomxhuzulane wamanzi angenayo kunye namandla okanye uxinzelelo lwamanzi olujoliswe kwii-emele ukusuka phezulu, kunye nokuhamba kwamanzi amdaka angaphantsi kokutyhala ngokuchasene namabhakethi. Okungalunganga nangona i-pitchback waterwheel kukuba idinga ulungiselelo lonikezelo lwamanzi oluntsonkothileyo ngokuthe ngqo ngaphezulu kwevili elinee-chutes kunye neepentroughs.
Uyilo lweBreastshot Waterwheel
Uyilo lwesondo lwamanzi lweBreastshot lolunye uyilo olunyuswe ngokuthe nkqo lwamanzi apho amanzi angena kwii-emele malunga nesiqingatha sendlela ukuya phezulu kumphakamo we-asi, okanye ngaphezulu kwawo, aze aqukuqelele ezantsi kwicala lokujikeleza kwamavili. Ngokubanzi, i-breastshot waterwheel isetyenziswa kwiimeko apho intloko yamanzi ingonelanga ukunika amandla i-overshot okanye i-pitchback waterwheel design evela phezulu.
Into engalunganga apha kukuba ubunzima bomxhuzulane wamanzi busetyenziswa kuphela malunga nekota enye yokujikeleza ngokungafaniyo nangaphambili ibiyisiqingatha somjikelezo. Ukoyisa lo mphakamo wentloko ephantsi, ii-emele ze-waterwheels zenziwa banzi ukukhupha umthamo ofunekayo wamandla anokubakho emanzini.
Amavili e-Breastshot waterwheels asebenzisa malunga nobunzima obufanayo bomxhuzulane wamanzi ukujikeleza ivili kodwa njengoko ukuphakama kwentloko yamanzi kujikeleze isiqingatha sesondo esiqhelekileyo samanzi, ii-emele zibanzi kakhulu kunoyilo lwangaphambili lwamavili ukunyusa umthamo wamanzi abanjwe kwiibhakethi. Ukungalungi kolu hlobo loyilo kukunyuka kobubanzi kunye nobunzima bamanzi aqhutywe yibhakethi nganye. Njengoyilo lwe-pitchback, ivili le-breastshot lisebenzisa amandla amanzi kabini njengoko ivili lamanzi liyilelwe ukuhlala emanzini livumela amanzi amdaka ukuba ancede ekujikelezeni kwevili njengoko equkuqela ezantsi ngomsinga.
Ukuvelisa uMbane usebenzisa ivili lamanzi
Ngokwembali amavili amanzi ebesetyenziselwa ukugaya umgubo, iisiriyeli kunye neminye imisebenzi yomatshini. Kodwa amavili amanzi angasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa umbane, ebizwa ngokuba yiHydro Power system. Ngokudibanisa ijeneretha yombane kwi-waterwheels ejikelezayo shaft, ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo usebenzisa amabhanti okuqhuba kunye neepulleys, ii-waterwheels zingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa amandla ngokuqhubekayo iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku ngokungafaniyo namandla elanga. Ukuba ivili lamanzi liyilwe ngokuchanekileyo, isixokelelwano sombane esincinci okanye "esincinci" sinokuvelisa umbane owaneleyo ukunika amandla ukukhanyisa kunye / okanye izixhobo zombane kwikhaya eliphakathi.
Jonga iiJenereyitha zamavili zaManzi eziyilelwe ukuvelisa eyona mveliso ilungileyo ngesantya esiphantsi. Kwiiprojekthi ezincinci, i-motor encinci ye-DC inokusetyenziswa njengejenereyitha enesantya esiphantsi okanye i-alternator yeemoto kodwa ezi ziyilelwe ukusebenza ngesantya esiphezulu kakhulu ukuze kufuneke uhlobo oluthile lokugiya. Ijenereyitha ye-injini yomoya yenza ijenereyitha yevili lamanzi efanelekileyo njengoko yenzelwe isantya esiphantsi, ukusebenza okuphezulu.
Ukuba kukho umlambo oqukuqela ngokukhawuleza okanye umjelo okufutshane nekhaya lakho okanye isitiya onokusisebenzisa, ngoko ke isikali esincinci sombane we-hydro sinokuba yeyona ndlela ingcono kunezinye iindlela zemithombo yamandla ehlaziyekayo efana “neMandla omoya” okanye “aMandla eSola” njengoko inempembelelo yokubona kancinci. Kwanjengamandla omoya namandla elanga, enegridi edityaniswe ngevili elincinane lamanzi eyilelwe inkqubo yokuvelisa eqhagamshelwe kwigridi yosetyenziso lwasekhaya, nawuphi na umbane owuvelisayo kodwa ongawusebenzisiyo unokuthengiswa ubuyiselwe kwinkampani yombane.
Kwisifundo esilandelayo malunga ne-Hydro Energy, siza kujonga kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zee turbines ezikhoyo esinokuzincamathisela kuyilo lwethu lwamavili okwenziwa kwamanzi ombane. Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga noYilo lweWaterwheel kunye nendlela yokuvelisa owakho umbane usebenzisa amandla wamanzi, okanye ufumane ulwazi oluthe kratya lwamandla e-hydro malunga noyilo olwahlukileyo lwamavili lwamanzi olukhoyo, okanye ukujonga izibonelelo kunye nobubi bamandla e-hydro, emva koko Cofa Apha uku-odola ikopi yakho kwiAmazon namhlanje malunga nemigaqo kunye nokwakhiwa kwamavili amanzi anokusetyenziselwa ukuvelisa umbane.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-25-2021
