1. Ngā momo me ngā āhuatanga mahi o te pūhiko
He taputapu te pūkaha hiko e whakaputa hiko ana ina pāngia e te mana miihini. I roto i tēnei tukanga tahuritanga, ka puta te mana miihini mai i ngā momo pūngao kē atu, pērā i te pūngao hau, te pūngao wai, te pūngao wera, te pūngao rā me ērā atu. E ai ki ngā momo hiko rerekē, ka wehea ngā pūkaha hiko ki ngā pūkaha hiko DC me ngā pūkaha hiko AC.
1. Ngā āhuatanga mahi o te pūkaha hiko DC
He ngāwari te whakamahi me te pono o te mahi a te pūkaha hiko DC. Ka taea e ia te whakarato tika i te hiko mō ngā momo taputapu hiko katoa e hiahia ana ki te tuku hiko DC. Heoi, kei roto i te pūkaha hiko DC he commutator, he ngāwari ki te whakaputa mura hiko, ā, he iti te pai o te whakaputa hiko. Ko te tikanga, ka taea te whakamahi i te pūkaha hiko DC hei tuku hiko DC mō te motuka DC, te hikohiko, te whakakikorua, te utu me te whakaoho i te alternator.
2. Ngā āhuatanga mahi o te alternator
Ko te pūkaha hiko AC e pā ana ki te pūkaha e whakaputa ana i te AC i raro i te mahi a te kaha miihini o waho. Ka taea te wehewehe i tēnei momo pūkaha ki te whakaputa hiko AC tukutahi.
Ko te pūkaha hiko tukutahi te mea tino noa i roto i ngā pūkaha hiko AC. Ka whakaohokia tēnei momo pūkaha e te iahiko DC, ka taea te whakarato i te mana hohe me te mana tauhohe. Ka taea te whakamahi hei tuku hiko ki ngā taputapu kawenga e hiahia ana ki te tuku hiko AC. Hei tāpiri, e ai ki ngā momo neke matua e whakamahia ana, ka taea te wehewehe i ngā pūkaha hiko tukutahi ki ngā pūkaha hiko tāwhana mamaoa, ngā pūkaha hiko wai, ngā pūkaha hiko tīhiera me ngā tāwhana hau.
He whānuitia te whakamahinga o ngā pūwhakawhiti hiko, hei tauira, ka whakamahia ngā whakaputa hiko hei tuku hiko i roto i ngā teihana hiko, ngā umanga, ngā toa, ngā puna hiko tūmatanui o te whare, ngā motuka, me ētahi atu.
Tauira me ngā tawhā hangarau o te kaihanga
Hei whakahaere i te whakahaere whakaputa me te whakamahinga o te miihini whakaputa hiko, kua whakakotahi te kawanatanga i te tikanga whakahiato o te tauira miihini whakaputa hiko, ā, kua whakapirihia te pereti ingoa miihini whakaputa hiko ki te tūranga kitea o tōna anga, ko te nuinga kei roto ko te tauira miihini whakaputa hiko, te ngaohiko whakatauranga, te pūtake hiko whakatauranga, te mana whakatauranga, te tohu whakamarumaru, te auau, te tauwehenga mana me te tere.
Tauira me te tikanga o te whakaputa hiko
Ko te tauira o te pūkaha hiko he whakaahuatanga o te tauira o te waeine, tae atu ki te momo ngaohiko e tukuna ana e te pūkaha hiko, te momo waeine pūkaha hiko, ngā āhuatanga whakahaere, te tau rangatū hoahoa me ngā āhuatanga taiao.
Hei tāpiritanga, he māmā noa iho ngā tauira o ētahi whakaputa hiko, he māmā ake te tautuhi, e whakaaturia ana i te Pikitia 6, tae atu ki te tau hua, te ngaohiko whakatauranga me te iahiko whakatauranga.
(1) Ngaohiko whakatauranga
Ko te ngaohiko whakatauranga e pā ana ki te putanga ngaohiko whakatauranga e te whakaputa hiko i te wā e mahi noa ana, ā, ko te waeine ko kV.
(2) Iahiko kua whakatauria
Ko te iahiko whakatauranga e pā ana ki te iahiko mahi mōrahi o te kaihanga hiko i raro i te mahi noa me te mahi tonu, i roto i te Ka. Ina whakatauria ētahi atu tawhā o te kaihanga hiko, ka mahi te kaihanga hiko i tēnei iahiko, ā, kāore te pikinga pāmahana o tōna takai stator e neke ake i te awhe e whakaaetia ana.
(3) Te tere hurihuri
Ko te tere o te pūkaha hiko e pā ana ki te tere hurihuri mōrahi o te pou matua o te pūkaha hiko i roto i te 1 meneti. Ko tēnei tawhā tētahi o ngā tawhā nui hei aromatawai i te mahi a te pūkaha hiko.
(4) Auautanga
Ko te auautanga e pā ana ki te taurite o te wā o te ngaru sine AC i roto i te kaihanga hiko, ā, ko tōna waeine ko Hertz (Hz). Hei tauira, ki te 50Hz te auautanga o te kaihanga hiko, e tohu ana ko te ahunga o tōna au hurihuri me ētahi atu tawhā 1s ka huri 50 ngā wā.
(5) Tauwehenga mana
Ka whakaputahia te hiko e te mīhini whakaputa hiko mā te hurihanga hikohiko, ā, ka taea te wehewehe i tōna mana whakaputa ki ngā momo e rua: te mana tauhohe me te mana hohe. Ko te mana tauhohe te mea nui hei whakaputa i te papa aukume me te huri i te hiko me te aukume; ka whakaratohia te mana hohe ki ngā kaiwhakamahi. I roto i te putanga mana katoa o te mīhini whakaputa hiko, ko te ōwehenga o te mana hohe ko te tauwehe mana.
(6) Hononga pūmau
Ka taea te wehewehe i te hononga stator o te whakaputa hiko ki ngā momo e rua, arā, te hononga tapatoru (āhua △) me te hononga whetu (āhua-Y), e whakaaturia ana i te Pikitia 9. I roto i te whakaputa hiko, ko ngā takai e toru o te stator whakaputa hiko ka honoa ki roto i te whetu.
(7) Akomanga whakamātao
Ko te taumata whakamarumaru o te whakaputa hiko e pā ana ki te taumata ātete pāmahana teitei o tana rauemi whakamarumaru. I roto i te whakaputa hiko, he hononga ngoikore te rauemi whakamarumaru. He ngāwari te tere o te koroheketanga o te rauemi, tae atu ki te pakaru i te pāmahana tino tiketike, nō reira he rerekē anō hoki te taumata ātete wera o ngā rauemi whakamarumaru rerekē. Ko tēnei tawhā e tohuhia ana e ngā reta, ko te tohu y ko te pāmahana ātete wera he 90 ℃, ko te tohu a ko te pāmahana ātete wera he 105 ℃, ko te tohu e ko te pāmahana ātete wera he 120 ℃, ko te tohu B ko te pāmahana ātete wera he 130 ℃, ko te tohu f ko te pāmahana ātete wera he 155 ℃, ko te tohu H ko te pāmahana ātete wera he 180 ℃, ā, ko te tohu C ko te pāmahana ātete wera he neke atu i te 180 ℃.
(8) Ētahi atu
I roto i te pūkaha hiko, hei tāpiri atu ki ngā tawhā hangarau o runga ake nei, kei reira anō ngā tawhā pēnei i te maha o ngā wāhanga o te pūkaha hiko, te taumaha katoa o te waeine me te rā hanga. He māmā noa iho ēnei tawhā ki te mārama ina pānuihia, ā, he mea nui mā ngā kaiwhakamahi hei tirotiro i te wā e whakamahi ana, e hoko ana rānei.
3, Te tohu tautuhi o te kaihanga hiko i te rārangi
Ko te whakaputa hiko tētahi o ngā wāhanga nui o ngā ara iahiko whakahaere pērā i te puku hiko me te taputapu mīhini. Ina tuhia te hoahoa kauwhata e pā ana ki ia ara iahiko whakahaere, kāore te whakaputa hiko e whakaatahia ana e tōna āhua tuturu, engari e tohua ana e ngā tuhi, e ngā hoahoa rānei, e ngā reta me ētahi atu tohu e tohu ana i tana mahi.
Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi 15-2021
