Ka ʻike piha ʻana i ka mīkini hana turbine hydro

1. Nā ʻano a me nā ʻano hana o ka mīkini hana
He mea hana ka mīkini hana uila e hana ana i ka uila ke hoʻohana ʻia ka mana mechanical. Ma kēia kaʻina hana hoʻololi, loaʻa ka mana mechanical mai nā ʻano ikehu like ʻole, e like me ka ikehu makani, ka ikehu wai, ka ikehu wela, ka ikehu lā a pēlā aku. Wahi a nā ʻano uila like ʻole, ua māhele nui ʻia nā mīkini hana uila i nā mīkini hana DC a me nā mīkini hana AC.

1. Nā ʻano hana o ka mea hana DC
Loaʻa i ka mīkini hana DC nā ʻano o ka hoʻohana maʻalahi a me ka hana hilinaʻi. Hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi pololei i ka ikehu uila no nā ʻano lako uila āpau e pono ai ka lako mana DC. Eia nō naʻe, aia kahi commutator i loko o ka mīkini hana DC, kahi maʻalahi e hana i ka ʻālohilohi uila a me ka pono hana mana haʻahaʻa. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka mīkini hana DC ma ke ʻano he lako mana DC no ka motika DC, electrolysis, electroplating, charge and excitation of alternator.

2. Nā ʻano hana o ka alternator
ʻO ka mīkini hana AC e pili ana i ka mīkini hana e hana ana i ka AC ma lalo o ka hana a ka ikaika mechanical o waho. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia ʻano mīkini hana i ka hana mana AC synchronous
ʻO ka mīkini hana synchronous ka mea maʻamau i waena o nā mīkini hana AC. Hoʻoulu ʻia kēia ʻano mīkini hana e ke au DC, hiki ke hāʻawi i ka mana hana a me ka mana reactive. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻolako i ka mana i nā lako ukana like ʻole e pono ai ka lako mana AC. Eia kekahi, e like me nā mea hoʻoneʻe mua like ʻole i hoʻohana ʻia, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mīkini hana synchronous i nā mīkini hana turbine mahu, nā mīkini hana hydro, nā mīkini hana diesel a me nā turbine makani.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā Alternators, no ka laʻana, hoʻohana ʻia nā generators no ka hoʻolako mana ma nā kikowaena mana like ʻole, nā ʻoihana, nā hale kūʻai, nā lako mana mālama home, nā kaʻa, a pēlā aku.

Hoʻohālike a me nā ʻōkuhi loea o ka mea hana
I mea e maʻalahi ai ka hoʻokele hana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mīkini hana, ua hoʻohui ke aupuni i ke ʻano hōʻuluʻulu o ke kumu hoʻohālike mīkini hana, a hoʻopili i ka papa inoa mīkini hana ma kahi maopopo o kona pūpū, ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea nui e pili ana i ke kumu hoʻohālike mīkini hana, ka uila i helu ʻia, ka lako mana i helu ʻia, ka mana i helu ʻia, ka pae insulation, ka alapine (frequency), ka kumu mana a me ka wikiwiki.

Hoʻohālike a me ke ʻano o ka mea hana
ʻO ke kumu hoʻohālike o ka mīkini hana he wehewehe pinepine ia o ke kumu hoʻohālike o ka ʻāpana, me ke ʻano o ka uila i hoʻopuka ʻia e ka mīkini hana, ke ʻano o ka ʻāpana mīkini hana, nā ʻano kaohi, ka helu serial hoʻolālā a me nā ʻano o ke kaiapuni.
Eia kekahi, he maʻalahi a maʻalahi hoʻi nā kumu hoʻohālike o kekahi mau mīkini hana, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka ʻike ʻana, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke Kiʻi 6, me ka helu huahana, ka uila i helu ʻia a me ke au i helu ʻia.
(1) Ka uila i helu ʻia
ʻO ke anakahi uila i helu ʻia e pili ana i ka hoʻopuka anakahi uila i helu ʻia e ka mīkini hana i ka wā o ka hana maʻamau, a ʻo ke anakahi he kV.
(2) Au i helu ʻia
ʻO ke au i helu ʻia e pili ana i ke au hana nui loa o ka mīkini hana ma lalo o ka hana maʻamau a hoʻomau, ma Ka. Ke helu ʻia nā palena ʻē aʻe o ka mīkini hana, hana ka mīkini hana ma kēia au, a ʻo ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana o kāna wili stator ʻaʻole e ʻoi aku ma mua o ka pae i ʻae ʻia.
(3) Ka wikiwiki o ka wili ʻana
ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka mīkini hana e pili ana i ka wikiwiki o ka wili ʻana o ke koʻokoʻo nui o ka mīkini hana i loko o 1 minuke. ʻO kēia palena kekahi o nā palena koʻikoʻi e hoʻoholo ai i ka hana o ka mīkini hana.
(4) Pinepine
ʻO ke alapine (frequency) e pili ana i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ka wā o ka nalu sine AC i loko o ka mea hana, a ʻo kona anakahi ʻo Hertz (Hz). No ka laʻana, inā he 50Hz ke alapine (frequency) o kahi mea hana, hōʻike ia e loli ana ke kuhikuhi o kona au hoʻololi a me nā palena ʻē aʻe 1s i 50 mau manawa.
(5) Mana kumu
Hoʻopuka ka mīkini hana i ka uila ma o ka hoʻololi electromagnetic, a hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kona mana hoʻopuka i ʻelua ʻano: ka mana reactive a me ka mana hana. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka mana reactive e hana i ke kahua magnetic a hoʻololi i ka uila a me ka magnetism; Hāʻawi ʻia ka mana hana no nā mea hoʻohana. I ka huina o ka mana o ka mīkini hana, ʻo ka hapa o ka mana hana ka mea mana.
(6) Hoʻohui Stator
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka pilina stator o ka mea hana i ʻelua ʻano, ʻo ia hoʻi ka pilina triangular (ʻano △) a me ka pilina hōkū (ʻano Y), e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke Kiʻi 9. I loko o ka mea hana, ua hoʻopili pinepine ʻia nā wili ʻekolu o ka stator o ka mea hana i loko o kahi hōkū.
(7) Papa hoʻokaʻawale
ʻO ke ʻano o ka pae insulation o ka mīkini hana e pili nui ana i ke ʻano o ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe o kāna mea insulation. I loko o ka mīkini hana, he loulou nāwaliwali ka mea insulating. He maʻalahi ka mea e wikiwiki i ka ʻelemakule a hiki i ka hōʻino ʻana i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe loa, no laila he ʻokoʻa hoʻi ke ʻano o ke kūpaʻa wela o nā mea insulating like ʻole. Hoʻohālikelike pinepine ʻia kēia palena e nā leka, kahi e hōʻike ai ʻo y he 90 ℃ ka mahana kūpaʻa wela, ʻo a he 105 ℃ ka mahana kūpaʻa wela, ʻo e he 120 ℃ ka mahana kūpaʻa wela, ʻo B he 130 ℃ ka mahana kūpaʻa wela, ʻo f he 155 ℃ ka mahana kūpaʻa wela, ʻo H he 180 ℃ ka mahana kūpaʻa wela, a ʻo C he ʻoi aku ka mahana kūpaʻa wela ma mua o 180 ℃.
(8) ʻĒ aʻe
Ma ka mīkini hana, ma waho aʻe o nā palena loea i luna, aia kekahi mau palena e like me ka helu o nā pae o ka mīkini hana, ke kaumaha holoʻokoʻa o ka ʻāpana a me ka lā hana. He maʻalahi kēia mau palena e hoʻomaopopo i ka wā e heluhelu ai, a ʻo ia ka mea nui no nā mea hoʻohana e kuhikuhi ai i ka wā e hoʻohana ai a kūʻai paha.

3, Ka hōʻailona o ka mīkini hana ma ka laina
ʻO ka mīkini hana kekahi o nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi i nā kaapuni hoʻomalu e like me ka hoʻokele uila a me ka mīkini hana. Ke kaha kiʻi nei i ke kiʻikuhi schematic e pili ana i kēlā me kēia kaapuni hoʻomalu, ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia ka mīkini hana e kona ʻano maoli, akā ua hōʻailona ʻia e nā kiʻi a i ʻole nā ​​kiʻikuhi, nā leka a me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe e hōʻike ana i kāna hana.