Ukugcinwa kweTywina yeHydraulic Turbine

Ngexesha lokugcinwa kweyunithi yokuvelisa i-turbine yamanzi, into enye yokugcinwa kwe-turbine yamanzi yi-maintenance seal. I-seal yokugcinwa kwe-hydraulic turbine ibhekisa kwi-bearing seal efunekayo ngexesha lokuvalwa okanye ukugcinwa kwe-hydraulic turbine working seal kunye ne-hydraulic guide bearing, ethintela ukubuyela umva kwi-turbine pit xa inqanaba lamanzi asemva liphezulu. Namhlanje, siza kuxoxa ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-turbine seal ukusuka kwisakhiwo se-turbine main shaft seal.

Isitywino esisebenzayo se-hydraulic turbine sinokwahlulwahlulwa sibe

（1） Itywina elisicaba. Itywina lepleyiti ethe tyaba liquka itywina lepleyiti ethe tyaba elinomaleko omnye kunye netywina lepleyiti ethe tyaba elinomaleko amabini. Itywina lepleyiti ethe tyaba elinomaleko omnye ikakhulu lisebenzisa ipleyiti yerabha enomaleko omnye ukwenza itywina elinomphetho wesangqa esijikelezayo sentsimbi engagqwali esinamathele kwishafti ephambili. Ivalwe ngoxinzelelo lwamanzi. Ulwakhiwo lwayo lulula, kodwa isiphumo sokutywina asilunganga njengesetywina lepleyiti ethe tyaba eliphindwe kabini, kwaye ubomi bayo benkonzo abude njengesetywina lepleyiti ethe tyaba eliphindwe kabini. Ipleyiti ethe tyaba ethe tyaba ethe tyaba inesiphumo esihle sokutywina, kodwa isakhiwo sayo siyinkimbinkimbi kwaye amanzi ayavuza xa iphakanyiswa. Okwangoku, ikwasetyenziswa kwiiyunithi ezincinci neziphakathi zokuhamba kwe-axial.

（2） Itywina le-radial. Itywina le-radial liqulathe iibhloko ezininzi zekhabhoni ezimile okwefeni ezicinezelwe ngokuqinileyo kwi-main shaft zizipringi kwiibhloko zentsimbi ezimile okwefeni ukuze zenze umaleko wetywina. Umngxuma omncinci wokukhupha amanzi uyavulwa kwiringi yokutywina ukuze kukhutshwe amanzi avuzayo. Ivalwe kakhulu emanzini acocekileyo, kwaye ukumelana kwayo nokuguguleka akukuhle kwi-sediment equlethe amanzi. Isakhiwo setywina siyinkimbinkimbi, ukufakwa kunye nokugcinwa kunzima, ukusebenza kwentwasahlobo akulula ukuqinisekisa, kwaye ukuzilawula kwe-radial emva kokungqubana kuncinci, ngoko ke isusiwe ngokusisiseko kwaye yatshintshwa yitywina yobuso bokugqibela.

（3） Itywina lokupakisha. Itywina lokupakisha lenziwe ngeringi yesitywina esezantsi, ukupakisha, iringi yesitywina samanzi, umbhobho wesitywina samanzi kunye ne-gland. Idlala indima yokutywina ngokupakishwa embindini weringi yesitywina esezantsi kunye nesleeve yokucinezelwa kwe-gland. Itywina lisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiiyunithi ezincinci ezithe tye.

（4） Itywina lobuso. Itywina lobuso * * * uhlobo loomatshini kunye nohlobo lwe-hydraulic. Itywina lobuso lokuphela koomatshini lixhomekeke kwintwasahlobo ukuze litsale idiski exhotyiswe ngebhloko yerabha ejikelezayo, ukuze ibhloko yerabha ejikelezayo isondele kwindandatho yentsimbi engagqwaliyo enamathele kwishaft ephambili ukuze idlale indima yokutywina. Indandatho yokutywina yerabha inamathele kwisiciko esiphezulu (okanye isigqubuthelo sokuxhasa) se-hydraulic turbine. Olu hlobo lwesakhiwo sokutywina lulula kwaye kulula ukululungisa, kodwa amandla entwasahlobo awalingani, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba i-eccentric clamping ingasebenzi kakuhle, iguge kwaye ingasebenzi kakuhle.

（5） Itywina lendandatho yeLabyrinth. Itywina lendandatho yeLabyrinth luhlobo olutsha lwetywina kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Umgaqo walo osebenzayo kukuba isixhobo seplate yepompo sibekwa phezulu kwe-turbine runner. Ngenxa yesiphumo sokufunxa seplate yepompo, i-flange yeshaft ephambili isoloko isemoyeni. Akukho nxibelelwano phakathi kwe-shaft kunye netywina leshaft, kwaye kukho umaleko womoya kuphela. Itywina linobomi obude kakhulu benkonzo. Itywina leshaft eliphambili luhlobo lwe-labyrinth olungenanxibelelwano, oluqulunqwe yisilingi esijikelezayo esikufutshane ne-shaft, ibhokisi yokutywina, umbhobho wokukhupha amanzi we-shaft seal ephambili kunye nezinye izinto. Phantsi kokusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwe-turbine, akukho xinzelelo lwamanzi kwibhokisi yokutywina ngaphakathi koluhlu lonke lomthwalo. Iplate yepompo kwi-runner ijikeleza kunye ne-runner ukuthintela amanzi kunye nezinto eziqinileyo ukuba zingangeni kwitywina le-shaft eliphambili. Kwangaxeshanye, umbhobho wokukhupha amanzi weplate yepompo uthintela isanti okanye izinto eziqinileyo ukuba zingaqokeleleki phantsi kwesiciko esiphezulu se-turbine yamanzi, kwaye ukhupha inani elincinci lokuvuza kwamanzi ngendandatho yokumisa ukuvuza ephezulu ukuya emanzini angasemva ngombhobho wokukhupha amanzi weplate yepompo.

Ezi zezona ntlobo zine ziphambili ze-turbine seals. Kwezi ntlobo zine, i-labyrinth ring seal, njengeteknoloji entsha yokutywina, inokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukuvuza kwamanzi kwibhokisi yokutywina, eyamkelweyo kwaye isetyenziswa zizikhululo ezininzi zamandla e-hydropower, kwaye isiphumo sokusebenza silungile.