Ngesikhathi sokugcinwa kweyunithi yokukhiqiza i-turbine yamanzi, into eyodwa yokugcinwa kwe-turbine yamanzi uphawu lokugcinwa. Uphawu lokugcinwa kwe-turbine ye-hydraulic lubhekisela ophahleni oludingekayo ngesikhathi sokuvalwa noma ukulungiswa kophawu lokusebenza lwe-turbine ye-hydraulic kanye ne-hydraulic guide bearing, okuvimbela ukugeleza emuva emgodini we-turbine lapho izinga lamanzi omsila liphezulu. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngezigaba eziningana zophawu lwe-turbine kusukela esakhiweni sophawu olukhulu lwe-turbine.
Isivalo esisebenzayo se-hydraulic turbine singahlukaniswa sibe
（1） I-flat seal. I-flat plate seal ihlanganisa i-flat plate seal enezingqimba ezimbili kanye ne-flat plate seal enezingqimba ezimbili. I-flat plate seal enezingqimba ezimbili isebenzisa kakhulu i-raber plate enezingqimba ezimbili ukwakha i-seal enobuso bokugcina bendandatho ejikelezayo yensimbi engagqwali enamathele ku-shaft eyinhloko. Ivalwe ngokucindezela kwamanzi. Isakhiwo sayo silula, kodwa umphumela wokuvala awumuhle njengowokuvala i-double flat plate seal, futhi impilo yayo yenkonzo ayinde njengokuvala i-double flat plate seal. I-flat plate enezingqimba ezimbili inomphumela omuhle wokuvala, kodwa isakhiwo sayo siyinkimbinkimbi futhi amanzi ayavuza lapho iphakanyiswa. Njengamanje, isetshenziswa futhi kumayunithi amancane naphakathi okugeleza kwe-axial.
（2） I-Radial seal. I-Radial seal inamabhulokhi ekhabhoni amaningana anomumo wefeni acindezelwe ngokuqinile emgodleni omkhulu yiziphethu ezisemabhulokhini ensimbi anomumo wefeni ukuze kwakheke ungqimba lwe-seal. Imbobo encane yokukhipha amanzi iyavulwa endandatho yokuvala ukuze kukhishwe amanzi avuzayo. Ivalwe kakhulu emanzini ahlanzekile, futhi ukumelana kwayo nokuguguleka akukuhle enhlabathini equkethe amanzi. Isakhiwo se-seal siyinkimbinkimbi, ukufakwa nokugcinwa kunzima, ukusebenza kwentwasahlobo akulula ukuqinisekisa, futhi ukuzilawula kwe-radial ngemva kokungqubuzana kuncane, ngakho-ke sekususiwe futhi kwathathelwa indawo yi-end face seal.
（3） Ukuvalwa kokupakisha. Ukuvalwa kokupakisha kwakhiwe ngendandatho yokuvala engezansi, ukupakisha, indandatho yokuvala amanzi, ipayipi lokuvala amanzi kanye ne-gland. Ngokuyinhloko kudlala indima yokuvala ngokupakisha phakathi kwendandatho yokuvala engezansi kanye nesikhwama sokucindezela i-gland. Ukuvalwa kusetshenziswa kabanzi kumayunithi amancane avundlile.
（4） I-Face seal. I-Face seal * * * uhlobo lomshini kanye nohlobo lwe-hydraulic. I-Mechanical end face seal incike esiphethwini ukuze idonse idiski efakwe i-rubber block eyindilinga, ukuze i-rubber block eyindilinga isondele endandatho yensimbi engagqwali eboshwe ku-shaft eyinhloko ukuze idlale indima yokuvala. I-rubber sealing ring inamathele embozweni ophezulu (noma isembozo sokusekela) se-hydraulic turbine. Lolu hlobo lwesakhiwo sokuvala lulula futhi kulula ukululungisa, kodwa amandla e-spring awalingani, okuyinto evame ukubamba okungavamile, ukuguguleka kanye nokusebenza kokuvala okungazinzile.
（5） I-Labyrinth ring seal. I-Labyrinth ring seal uhlobo olusha lwe-seal eminyakeni yamuva nje. Umgomo wayo osebenzayo ukuthi idivayisi yepuleti lephampu ibekwe phezulu kwesigijimi se-turbine. Ngenxa yomphumela wokumunca wepuleti lephampu, i-flange ye-shaft eyinhloko ihlala isemoyeni. Akukho ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-shaft ne-shaft seal, futhi kukhona ungqimba lomoya kuphela. I-seal inokuphila isikhathi eside kakhulu kwenkonzo. I-shaft seal eyinhloko uhlobo lwe-labyrinth olungenakuxhumana, olwakhiwe yisiketi esijikelezayo eduze kwe-shaft, ibhokisi lokuvala, ipayipi lokukhipha amanzi le-shaft seal eyinhloko nezinye izingxenye. Ngaphansi kokusebenza okuvamile kwe-turbine, akukho ngcindezi yamanzi ebhokisini lokuvala ngaphakathi kobubanzi bonke bomthwalo. Ipuleti lephampu esigijimini lijikeleza ne-runner ukuvimbela amanzi nezinto eziqinile ukuthi zingangeni esivikelweni se-shaft eyinhloko. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ipayipi lokukhipha amanzi lepuleti lephampu livimbela isihlabathi noma izinto eziqinile ukuthi zingaqongelelani ngaphansi kwesembozo esiphezulu se-turbine yamanzi, futhi likhipha inani elincane lokuvuza kwamanzi ngendandatho yokumisa ukuvuza ephezulu iye emanzini angemuva ngepayipi lokukhipha amanzi lepuleti lephampu.
Lezi yizigaba ezine eziyinhloko zezimpawu ze-turbine. Kulezi zigaba ezine, uphawu lwendandatho ye-labyrinth, njengobuchwepheshe obusha bokuvala, lungavimbela ngempumelelo ukuvuza kwamanzi ebhokisini lokuvala, eliye lamukelwa futhi lasetshenziswa iziteshi eziningi zamandla kagesi, futhi umphumela wokusebenza muhle.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-24-2022
