Ko te teihana hiko wai e papu ana te hangarau e whakamahia whānuitia ana, e pakari ana hoki i roto i te rokiroki hiko nui, ā, ka taea e te kaha tāuta o te teihana hiko te eke ki te taumata gigawatt. I tēnei wā, ko te teihana hiko e papu ana me te tauine whanaketanga pakari rawa atu o te ao.
He hangarau pakari, pumau hoki te teihana hiko wai e papuhia ana, ā, he nui hoki ngā painga whānui. He maha ngā wā e whakamahia ana mō te wā tino pai me te wā tatari. Ko te teihana hiko wai e papuhia ana te hangarau e whakamahia whānuitia ana, e pakari ana hoki i roto i te rokiroki hiko nui, ā, ka taea e te kaha tāuta o te teihana hiko te eke ki te taumata gigawatt.
E ai ki ngā tatauranga kāore anō kia oti o te Komiti Ngaio Rokiroki Pūngao o te Rōpū Rangahau Pūngao o Haina, i tēnei wā, ko te teihana hiko wai rokiroki papu me te whanaketanga tino pakari me te kaha tāuta nui rawa atu o te ao ko te teihana hiko wai rokiroki papu. I te tau 2019, kua eke te kaha rokiroki pūngao o te ao ki te 180 miriona KW, ā, kua neke atu te kaha tāuta o ngā teihana hiko wai rokiroki papu i te 170 miriona KW, e 94% o te rokiroki pūngao katoa o te ao.
Ka whakamahia e te teihana hiko wai rokiroki papu te hiko i te kawenga iti o te pūnaha hiko hei papu i te wai ki te wāhi teitei hei penapena, hei tuku wai hoki mō te whakaputa hiko i te wā tino taumaha. Ina iti te kawenga, ko te teihana hiko wai rokiroki papu te kaiwhakamahi; Ina tino taumaha, he tipu hiko.
E rua ngā mahi matua a te waeine o te Teihana Hiko Pūmau Pumped Storage: te papu me te whakaputa hiko. Ka mahi te waeine hei tāpine waipēhi i te wā e tino taumaha ana te pūnaha hiko. Ka whakatikatikaina te whakatuwheratanga o te arataki arataki o te tāpine waipēhi mā te pūnaha kawana hei huri i te kaha pūmanawa o te wai ki te kaha miihini o te hurihanga o te waeine, kātahi ka hurihia te kaha miihini hei kaha hiko mā te whakaputa hiko;
Ina iti te kawenga o te pūnaha hiko, ka whakamahia hei papu wai hei whakahaere. Ka whakamahia te pūngao hiko i te wāhi iti hei pupuhi wai mai i te puna wai o raro ki te puna wai o runga. Mā te whakarerekētanga aunoa o te pūnaha kaiārahi, ka whakarerekētia aunoa te whakatuwheratanga o te arataki e ai ki te pane o te papu, ā, ka hurihia te pūngao hiko hei pūngao pūmanawa o te wai hei penapena.
Ko te teihana hiko wai e papu ana te kawenga matua mō te heu tihi, te whakarerekētanga auau, te tūpato ohorere me te tīmatanga pango o te pūnaha hiko, ka taea te whakapai ake me te whakataurite i te kawenga o te pūnaha hiko, te whakapai ake i te kounga o te tuku hiko me ngā painga ōhanga o te pūnaha hiko, ā, koia te pou hei whakarite i te mahi haumaru, ōhanga me te pumau o te whatunga hiko. E mōhiotia ana te teihana hiko wai e papu ana ko te "whakaū", te "whakahaere" me te "taurite" i roto i te whakahaere haumaru o te whatunga hiko.
Ko te ia o te whanaketanga o ngā teihana hiko wai papu i te ao ko te teitei o te puna wai, te kaha nui, me te tere teitei. Ko te teitei o te puna wai ko te tikanga kei te whanake te waeine ki te teitei ake o te puna wai. Ko te nui o te kaha ko te tikanga kei te piki ake te kaha o te waeine kotahi. Ko te tere teitei ko te tikanga kei te tango te waeine i te tere motuhake teitei ake.
Hanganga me ngā āhuatanga
Ko ngā whare matua o te Teihana Hiko Wai Pumped ko te puna wai o runga, te puna wai o raro, te pūnaha kawe wai, te whare hiko me ētahi atu whare motuhake. Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā teihana hiko wai tuku iho, ko ngā āhuatanga matua o ngā hanganga wai o ngā teihana hiko wai pumped e whai ake nei:
E rua ngā puna wai. Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā teihana hiko wai tuku iho me te kaha tāuta ōrite, he iti noa te kaha puna o ngā teihana hiko wai putunga papu.
He nui te rerekētanga o te taumata wai o te puna wai, ā, he maha tonu te piki me te heke. Hei whakahaere i te mahi o te heu nui me te whakakī i te awaawa o te whatunga hiko, he nui te whānuitanga o te taumata wai o te puna wai o te Teihana Hiko Wai Pumped Storage i ia rā, neke atu i te 10 ~ 20m, ā, ko ētahi teihana hiko wai ka eke ki te 30 ~ 40m, ā, he tere te rerekētanga o te taumata wai o te puna wai, tae atu ki te 5 ~ 8m/h, tae atu ki te 8 ~ 10m/h.
He nui ngā whakaritenga mō te ārai i te turuturu o te puna wai. Mēnā ka ngaro te nui o te wai i te teihana hiko wai putunga parakore nā te turuturu o te puna wai o runga, ka whakaitihia te whakaputa hiko o te teihana hiko. Nō reira, he nui ngā whakaritenga mō te ārai i te turuturu o te puna wai. I taua wā anō, hei ārai i te kino o ngā āhuatanga wai whenua i te rohe kaupapa, te kino o te turuturu me te turuturu nui i puta mai i te turuturu wai, ka whakatakotoria hoki he whakaritenga teitei ake mō te ārai i te turuturu o te puna wai.
He teitei te pane wai. Ko te pane wai o te Teihana Hiko Wai Pumped Storage he teitei i te nuinga o te wā, ko te nuinga he 200 ~ 800m. Ko te Teihana Hiko Wai Pumped Storage Jixi me te katoa o te kaha tāuta o te 1.8 miriona kW te kaupapa wāhanga upoko tuatahi 650 mita i Haina, ā, ko te Teihana Hiko Wai Pumped Storage Dunhua me te katoa o te kaha tāuta o te 1.4 miriona kW te kaupapa wāhanga upoko tuatahi 700 mita i Haina. I te whanaketanga tonu o te taumata hangarau o ngā teihana hiko wai pumped storage, ka nui haere te maha o ngā teihana hiko wai upoko teitei me te kaha nui i Haina.
He iti te teitei o te tāutanga o te waeine. Hei whakakore i te awe o te pūngao me te turuturu ki te whare hiko, ko ngā teihana hiko wai nui e pupuhihia ana i te kāinga me tāwāhi i ngā tau tata nei ka tango i te āhua o te whare hiko o raro whenua.
Wā tuku: Paenga-whāwhā-25-2022
