Tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta famfo ita ce fasahar da aka fi amfani da ita kuma ta girma a manyan wuraren adana makamashi, kuma karfin da aka sanya na tashar samar da wutar lantarki na iya kaiwa matakin gigawatt. A halin yanzu, tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta famfo wacce ta fi girma a duniya.
Tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta famfo tana da fasahar zamani da kwanciyar hankali da kuma fa'idodi masu yawa. Sau da yawa ana amfani da ita don aski mai kyau da kuma jiran aiki. Tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta famfo ita ce fasahar da aka fi amfani da ita kuma ta girma a manyan wuraren adana makamashi, kuma ƙarfin da aka sanya na tashar samar da wutar lantarki na iya kaiwa matakin gigawatt.
A bisa ga kididdigar da Kwamitin Ƙwararru na Ma'aikatar Kula da Makamashi ta China ya fitar, a halin yanzu, tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa mai famfo wacce ta fi girma kuma mafi girman ƙarfin da aka sanya a duniya ita ce tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa mai famfo. Nan da shekarar 2019, ƙarfin ajiyar makamashi na duniya ya kai KW miliyan 180, kuma ƙarfin da aka sanya na tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa mai famfo ya wuce KW miliyan 170, wanda ya kai kashi 94% na jimillar ajiyar makamashi a duniya.
Tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta famfo tana amfani da wutar lantarki a ƙarancin nauyin tsarin wutar lantarki don famfo ruwa zuwa babban wuri don ajiya, da kuma fitar da ruwa don samar da wutar lantarki a lokacin da ake buƙatar ɗaukar kaya. Idan nauyin ya yi ƙasa, tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta famfo ita ce mai amfani; A lokacin da ake buƙatar ɗaukar kaya, tashar samar da wutar lantarki ce.
Naúrar Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Pumped Storage tana da ayyuka guda biyu na asali: famfo da samar da wutar lantarki. Naúrar tana aiki a matsayin injin turbin ruwa a lokacin da ake ɗaukar nauyin tsarin wutar lantarki. Ana daidaita buɗewar injin turbin ruwa ta hanyar tsarin gwamna don canza kuzarin ruwa mai yuwuwa zuwa makamashin inji na juyawar naúrar, sannan makamashin inji ya koma makamashin lantarki ta hanyar janareta;
Idan nauyin tsarin wutar lantarki ya yi ƙasa, ana amfani da shi azaman famfon ruwa don aiki. Ana amfani da wutar lantarki a wurin da ke ƙasa don fitar da ruwa daga magudanar ruwa ta ƙasa zuwa magudanar ruwa ta sama. Ta hanyar daidaita tsarin gwamna ta atomatik, buɗewar motar jagora tana daidaitawa ta atomatik bisa ga kan famfon, kuma makamashin wutar lantarki yana canzawa zuwa makamashin ruwa mai yuwuwa don ajiya.
Tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta famfo tana da alhakin aski mai ƙarfi, daidaita mita, jiran aiki na gaggawa da kuma fara amfani da tsarin wutar lantarki ba tare da wani tsari ba, wanda zai iya inganta da daidaita nauyin tsarin wutar lantarki, inganta ingancin samar da wutar lantarki da fa'idodin tattalin arziki na tsarin wutar lantarki, kuma shine ginshiƙi don tabbatar da aiki mai aminci, tattalin arziki da kwanciyar hankali na layin wutar lantarki. Tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta famfo ana kiranta da "mai daidaita wutar lantarki", "mai daidaita wutar lantarki" da "mai daidaita wutar lantarki" a cikin aikin layin wutar lantarki mai aminci.
Tsarin ci gaban tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki ta famfo a duniya shine babban kai, babban iko da kuma babban gudu. Babban kai na ruwa yana nufin cewa na'urar tana tasowa zuwa babban kai na ruwa. Babban iko yana nufin cewa karfin na'ura guda ɗaya yana ƙaruwa. Babban gudu yana nufin cewa na'urar tana ɗaukar babban gudu na musamman.
Tsarin da halaye
Manyan gine-ginen Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Pumped Storage gabaɗaya sun haɗa da babban tafki, ƙaramin tafki, tsarin jigilar ruwa, wutar lantarki da sauran gine-gine na musamman. Idan aka kwatanta da tashoshin wutar lantarki na gargajiya, tsarin hydraulic na tashoshin wutar lantarki ta famfo suna da manyan halaye kamar haka:
Akwai madatsun ruwa guda biyu. Idan aka kwatanta da tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki na gargajiya masu ƙarfin da aka sanya iri ɗaya, ƙarfin madatsun ruwa na tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki na famfo yawanci ƙanana ne.
Matsayin ruwan ma'ajiyar yana canzawa sosai kuma yana ƙaruwa da raguwa akai-akai. Domin ɗaukar nauyin aski mai tsayi da kuma cike guraben wutar lantarki a cikin tashar wutar lantarki, bambancin yau da kullun na matakin ruwan ma'ajiyar tashar wutar lantarki ta Pumped Storage yawanci yana da girma, yawanci fiye da mita 10 zuwa 20, kuma wasu tashoshin wutar lantarki na ruwa suna kaiwa mita 30 zuwa 40, kuma canjin matakin ruwan ma'ajiyar yana da sauri, gabaɗaya har zuwa mita 5 zuwa 8/h, ko ma mita 8 zuwa 10/h.
Bukatun hana zubewar ma'ajiyar ruwa suna da yawa. Idan tashar samar da wutar lantarki mai tsafta ta famfo ta rasa ruwa mai yawa saboda zubewar ma'ajiyar ruwa ta sama, samar da wutar lantarki na tashar samar da wutar lantarki zai ragu. Saboda haka, buƙatun hana zubewar ma'ajiyar ruwa suna da yawa. A lokaci guda, domin hana lalacewar yanayin ruwa a yankin aikin, lalacewar zubewar ruwa da kuma zubewar ruwa mai yawa da ke haifarwa, ana kuma gabatar da manyan buƙatu don hana zubewar ma'ajiyar ruwa.
Kan ruwa yana da tsayi. Kan ruwa na Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Ruwa Mai Famfo gabaɗaya yana da tsayi, galibi mita 200 ~ 800. Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Ruwa Mai Famfo ta Jixi wacce ke da ƙarfin da aka shigar da jimillar kW miliyan 1.8 ita ce aikin farko na sashin kai na mita 650 a China, kuma Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Ruwa Mai Famfo ta Dunhua wacce ke da ƙarfin da aka shigar da jimillar kW miliyan 1.4 ita ce aikin farko na sashin kai na mita 700 a China. Tare da ci gaba da haɓaka matakin fasaha na tashoshin wutar lantarki mai famfo, adadin tashoshin wutar lantarki masu ƙarfi da manyan masu ƙarfi a China zai ƙaru.
Haɓaka aikin na'urar ba ta da yawa. Domin shawo kan tasirin tururin ruwa da zubewa a kan wutar lantarki, manyan tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki na famfo da aka gina a gida da waje galibi suna amfani da tsarin wutar lantarki na ƙarƙashin ƙasa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.
Lokacin Saƙo: Afrilu-25-2022
