He momo mīhini mīhini mīhini wai te mīhini wai. I te tau 100 BC pea, i whānau mai te tauira o te mīhini wai – te mīhini wai. I taua wā, ko te mahi matua he taraiwa i ngā mīhini mō te tukatuka witi me te whakamakuku. Ko te mīhini wai, hei taputapu miihini e whakakahangia ana e te rere o te wai, kua whanake ki te mīhini wai o nāianei, ā, kua whānuitia hoki tōna whānuitanga tono. Nā, kei hea te nuinga o te whakamahinga o ngā mīhini wai o ēnei rā?
Ko te nuinga o te whakamahinga o te tāpine wai mō te teihana hiko rokiroki papu. Ina iti iho te kawenga o te pūnaha hiko i te kawenga taketake, ka taea te whakamahi hei papu wai hei whakamahi i te kaha whakaputa hiko nui hei papu wai mai i te puna wai o raro ki te puna wai o runga, hei penapena pūngao i roto i te ahua o te pūngao pūmanawa; Ina teitei ake te kawenga pūnaha i te kawenga taketake, ka taea te whakamahi hei tāpine wai hei whakaputa hiko hei whakatika i te kawenga tihi. Nō reira, kāore e taea e te teihana hiko rokiroki papu parakore te whakanui ake i te kaha o te pūnaha hiko, engari ka taea te whakapai ake i te ōhanga whakahaere o ngā waeine whakaputa hiko wera me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga whānui o te pūnaha hiko. Mai i te tekau tau atu i 1950, kua whānuitia te uara o ngā waeine rokiroki papu, ā, kua tere te whanaketanga puta noa i te ao.
Ko ngā waeine rokiroki papu i whakawhanakehia i te wāhanga tōmua, i te wāhanga teitei rānei o te wai, e whakamahi ana i te momo mīhini e toru, arā, he mea tito mai i te motuka whakaputa hiko, te tāpine wai me te papu wai i roto i te raupapa. Ko tōna painga ko te hoahoa motuhake o te tāpine wai me te papu wai, ka taea te whai hua nui, ā, he rite tonu te ahunga hurihuri o te waeine i te wā whakaputa hiko me te papu, ka taea te huri tere mai i te whakaputa hiko ki te papu, mai i te papu ki te whakaputa hiko rānei. I taua wā anō, ka taea te whakamahi i te tāpine hei tīmata i te waeine. Ko ōna ngoikoretanga ko te utu nui me te haumi nui ki te teihana hiko.
Ka taea e ngā mata o te pūwero papu rere whakarara te hurihuri, ā, he pai tonu te mahi ina rerekē te pane wai me te kawenga. Heoi, nā ngā āhuatanga waipēhi me te kaha o te rauemi i whakawhāitihia, ko tōna pane wai mōrahi he 136.2m noa iho i ngā tau tōmua o te tekau tau atu i 1980 (te teihana hiko Kogen Nama 1 i Hapani). Mō ngā pane wai teitei ake, me whakamahi ngā pūwero papu Francis.
Kei te teihana hiko rokiroki papu ngā puna wai o runga me o raro. I raro i te tikanga o te penapena i te pūngao kotahi, mā te whakanui ake i te upoko ka taea te whakaiti i te kaha rokiroki, te whakanui ake i te tere o te waeine me te whakaiti i te utu o te kaupapa. Nō reira, kei te tere te whanaketanga o ngā teihana hiko rokiroki pūngao upoko teitei i runga ake i te 300 mita. Kei te teihana hiko beinabashta i Yugoslavia te tāhū papu Francis me te upoko wai teitei rawa atu o te ao. Ko tōna mana waeine kotahi he 315 MW, ā, ko te upoko wai o te tāhū he 600.3 mita; Ko te upoko o te papu he 623.1m me te tere hurihuri o te 428.6 R / min. I whakamahia i te tau 1977. Mai i te rautau 20, kua whanake ngā waeine hiko wai ki ngā tawhā teitei me te kaha nui. I te pikinga ake o te kaha ahi i roto i te pūnaha hiko me te whanaketanga o te mana karihi, hei whakaoti i te raruraru o te tapahi tihi tika, kei te kaha ngā whenua o te ao ki te hanga i ngā teihana hiko rokiroki papu, me te whakawhanake kaha, te whakawhānui rānei i ngā teihana hiko nui i roto i ngā pūnaha wai nui. Nō reira, kua tere te whanaketanga o ngā tāhū papu.
Hei mīhini hiko e huri ana i te kaha o te rere o te wai hei pūngao miihini hurihuri, he wāhanga nui te tāpine wai i roto i te huinga whakaputa tāpine wai. I ēnei rā, kei te piki haere te raruraru o te tiaki taiao. Kei te whakanui ake te whakamahinga me te whakatairanga o te hiko wai, he tikanga whakaputa hiko e whakamahi ana i te pūngao ma. Hei whakamahi pai i ngā rauemi waipēhi, kua arohia hoki e te tini ngā tai, ngā awa mania he iti te hekenga, tae noa ki ngā ngaru, ā, kua tere te whanaketanga o ngā tāpine ngongo me ētahi atu wae iti.
Wā tuku: Paenga-whāwhā-06-2022
