Turbine yemvura imhando yemuchina weturbine mumichina inoyerera mvura. Kare kuma100 BC, muenzaniso weturbine yemvura - turbine yemvura wakatanga. Panguva iyoyo, basa guru raive rekufambisa michina yekugadzira zviyo nekudiridza. Turbine yemvura, semuchina wemuchina unoshanda nekuyerera kwemvura, yave kugadzirwa kusvika kuturbine yemvura iripo, uye chiyero chekushandiswa kwayo chakawedzerwawo. Saka maturbine emvura emazuva ano anonyanya kushandiswa kupi?
Turbine yemvura inonyanya kushandiswa pachiteshi chemagetsi chekuchengetera mvura chinopombwa. Kana mutoro wesimba remagetsi wakaderera pane mutoro wekutanga, unogona kushandiswa sepombi yemvura kushandisa simba rakawandisa rekugadzira magetsi kupomba mvura kubva mudura remvura kuenda kudhara remvura yepamusoro uye kuchengetedza simba muchimiro chesimba rinogona kuwanikwa; Kana mutoro wesimba wakakwira kupfuura mutoro wekutanga, unogona kushandiswa seturbine yemvura kugadzira magetsi ekugadzirisa mutoro wepamusoro. Naizvozvo, chiteshi chemagetsi chekuchengetera mvura chinopombwa chete hachigone kuwedzera simba resimba resimba remagetsi, asi chinogona kuvandudza hupfumi hwemayuniti ekugadzira magetsi ekupisa uye kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwesimba remagetsi. Kubva kuma1950, mayuniti ekuchengetera mvura anopombwa ave achikosheswa uye achigadzirwa nekukurumidza pasi rese.
Mayuniti ekuchengetera pombi akagadzirwa pakutanga kana kuti ane musoro wemvura wakakwira anowanzo tevedzera mhando nhatu dzemuchina, kureva kuti, anoumbwa nemota yejenareta, turbine yemvura uye pombi yemvura zvakatevedzana. Zvakanakira ndezvokuti turbine yemvura nepombi yemvura zvakagadzirwa zvakasiyana, izvo zvinogona kushanda zvakanaka, uye nzira yekutenderera yeyuniti yakafanana pakugadzira nekupomba, izvo zvinogona kushandurwa nekukurumidza kubva pakugadzira magetsi kuenda pakupomba, kana kubva pakupomba kuenda pakugadzira magetsi. Panguva imwe chete, turbine inogona kushandiswa kutanga yuniti. Zvakashata zvayo mari yakawanda uye mari yakawanda muchiteshi chemagetsi.
Mapazi emuchina we turbine we "inclined flow pomp" anogona kutenderera uye achiri kushanda zvakanaka kana musoro wemvura nemutoro zvikachinja. Zvisinei, zvichikonzerwa nehunhu hwe hydraulic uye simba rezvinhu, musoro wemvura wakanyanya waiva 136.2m chete mukutanga kwema1980 (Kogen No. 1 power station muJapan). Kune misoro yemvura yakakwirira, ma turbine e Francis pump anodiwa.
Nzvimbo yemagetsi inopombwa ine matangi emvura epamusoro neapasi. Kana ichichengetedza simba rimwe chete, kuwedzera simba kunogona kuderedza kugona kwekuchengetedza, kuwedzera kumhanya kweyuniti uye kuderedza mutengo wepurojekiti. Nokudaro, nzvimbo dzemagetsi dzinochengetera simba remagetsi dzinopfuura mamita mazana matatu dziri kukura nekukurumidza. Turbine yeFrancis pombi ine musoro wemvura wakanyanya kupfuura dzimwe dzose pasi rose yakaiswa muchiteshi chemagetsi cheBeinabashta muYugoslavia. Simba rayo rimwe chete i315 MW uye musoro wemvura weturbine i600.3 metres; Pombi ine musoro we623.1m uye kumhanya kunotenderera kwe428.6 R / min. yakatanga kushanda muna 1977. Kubva muzana remakore rechi20, mayuniti emagetsi emvura ave achikura kusvika pamatanho akakwirira uye kugona kukuru. Nekuwedzera kwesimba remoto musystem yemagetsi uye kukura kwesimba renyukireya, kuitira kugadzirisa dambudziko rekugera zvine mwero, nyika pasi rese dziri kuvaka nzvimbo dzemagetsi dzinopombwa pamwe nekugadzira kana kuwedzera nzvimbo dzemagetsi dzakakura musystem huru dzemvura. Nokudaro, maturbine epombi akura nekukurumidza.
Semuchina wemagetsi unoshandura simba remvura kuita simba remakanika rinotenderera, turbine yemvura chikamu chakakosha mujenareta rematurbine emvura. Mazuva ano, dambudziko rekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza riri kuramba richikura. Hydropower, nzira yekugadzira simba uchishandisa simba rakachena, iri kuwedzera kushandiswa kwayo nekusimudzira. Kuti ishandise zvizere zviwanikwa zvakasiyana-siyana zve hydraulic, mafungu, nzizi dzisina mvura dzine madonhwe mashoma uye kunyange mafungu zvakakwezvawo kutariswa kwevanhu vakawanda, izvo zvakakonzera kukura nekukurumidza kwematurbine ane machubhu nezvimwe zvidiki.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-06-2022
