He maha ngā momo whakaputa hiko wai. I tēnei rā, ka whakamāramahia e au ngā whakaputa hiko wai rere axial. Ko te whakamahinga o ngā whakaputa hiko rere axial i ngā tau tata nei ko te whanaketanga o te upoko teitei me te rahi nui. Kei te tere te whanaketanga o ngā miihini rere axial ā-whare. Kua hangaia ngā miihini rere axial momo-rere axial e rua kua tāutahia ki te Teihana Hiko Wai o Gezhouba. Ko te whānui o tētahi o ēnei he 11.3 mita, koinei te mea nui rawa atu o tōna momo i te ao i tēnei wā. . Anei ngā painga me ngā ngoikoretanga o ngā miihini rere axial.
Ngā painga o te tāpine rere axial
Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā tāpine Francis, ko ngā painga matua o ngā tāpine rere axial e whai ake nei:
1. He tere motuhake teitei, he pai hoki ngā āhuatanga pūngao. Nō reira, he teitei ake te tere o te waeine me te rere o te waeine i tō te tāpine Francis. I raro i ngā āhuatanga rite tonu o te pane wai me te putanga, ka taea e ia te whakaiti i te rahi o te waeine whakaputa tāpine, te whakaiti i te taumaha o te waeine, me te penapena rauemi, kia ohanga ai. He teitei.
2. Ka taea e te āhua o te mata me te taratara o te mata o te mata o te tāpine rere-tuaka te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga o te hanga. Nā te mea ka taea e ngā mata o te tāpine hoe-hurihuri rere-tuaka te huri, he teitei ake te whai huatanga toharite i tērā o te tāpine rere-whakauru. Ina rerekē te kawenga me te pane wai, kāore te whai huatanga e tino rerekē.
3. Ka taea te wetewete i ngā mata o te mīhini huri hiko o te hoe rere-axial, he mea watea mō te hanga me te kawe.
Nō reira, ka taea e te tāpine rere ā-tuaka te pupuri i te pumau i roto i te whānuitanga mahi nui ake, me te iti o te wiri, me te pai ake me te putanga. I roto i te whānuitanga pane-iti, kua tata whakakapia e ia te tāpine Francis. I ngā tekau tau tata nei, i runga i te kaha o te wae kotahi me te whakamahinga o te pane wai, kua nui te whanaketanga, ā, he whānui hoki tōna whakamahinga.
Ngā ngoikoretanga o te tāpine rere axial
Heoi anō, he ngoikoretanga anō hoki tō te tāpine rere ā-tuaka, ā, he iti noa iho te whānuitanga o tana whakamahinga. Ko ngā ngoikoretanga matua ko:
1. He iti te maha o ngā mata, ā, he cantilever, nō reira he ngoikore te kaha, ā, kāore e taea te whakamahi i ngā teihana hiko wai upoko waenga me te teitei.
2. Nā te nui o te rere o te waeine me te tere o te waeine, he iti ake te teitei momi i te tāpine Francis i raro i te āhua pane kotahi, ka hua ake he hohonutanga keri nui mō te turanga o te teihana hiko, ā, he nui te haumitanga.
E ai ki ngā ngoikoretanga kua whakahuatia ake nei o ngā tāpine rere-axial, ka whakamahia ngā rauemi hou kaha-teitei hei ārai i te cavitation i roto i te hanga tāpine, ā, ka whakapai ake i te kaha o ngā mata i roto i te hoahoa, kia whakapai tonu ai te pane tono o ngā tāpine rere-axial. I tēnei wā, ko te pane tono o te tāpine hoe rere-axial he 3 ki te 90 m, ā, kua uru ki te rohe o te tāpine Francis. Hei tauira, ko te putanga kotahi-wae mōrahi o ngā tāpine hoe rere-axial o tāwāhi he 181,700 kW, ko te pane wai mōrahi he 88m, ā, ko te diameter o te oma he 10.3m. Ko te putanga mīhini kotahi mōrahi o te tāpine hoe rere-axial i hangaia i tōku whenua he 175,000 kW, ko te pane wai mōrahi he 78m, ā, ko te diameter o te oma mōrahi he 11.3m. He mata pūmau me te hanganga ngāwari o te tāpine porowhita-pūmau rere-axial, engari kāore e taea te urutau ki ngā teihana hiko wai me ngā huringa nui o te pane wai me te kawenga. He pumau tōna pane wai, ā, he kawenga turanga, he teihana hiko nui-wāhanga maha rānei. Ina nui te hiko o te wā, ka taea hoki te whakataurite ōhanga. Ka taea te whakaaro. Ko tōna whānuitanga pane e tika ana ko te 3-50m. Ko ngā tāwhana hoe rere-tuaka e whakamahi ana i ngā taputapu poutū. He rite tonu te tukanga mahi ki ērā o ngā tāwhana Francis. Ko te rerekētanga, ina rerekē te kawenga, ehara i te mea ko te hurihanga o ngā vane ārahi anake te mea e whakahaere ana. , Me te whakarite anō hoki i te hurihanga o ngā mata o te oma kia mau tonu ai te pai o te mahi.
I mua, i whakaurua mai hoki e mātou ngā tāpine Francis. I roto i ngā whakaputa tāpine, he rerekētanga nui tonu i waenga i ngā tāpine Francis me ngā tāpine rere axial. Hei tauira, he rerekē te hanganga o ō rātou oma. He tata whakarara ngā mata o ngā tāpine Francis ki te pou matua, ko ngā tāpine rere axial ia he tata poutū ki te pou matua.
Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi 11-2021
