Chiyambi Chachidule cha Kaplan Turbine Generator

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Ubwino wa turbine yoyenda ndi axial
Poyerekeza ndi ma turbine a Francis, ma turbine oyenda a axial ali ndi ubwino waukulu uwu:
1. Liwiro lapadera komanso mphamvu zabwino. Chifukwa chake, liwiro la unit yake ndi kuyenda kwa unit ndi zokwera kuposa za Francis turbine. Pansi pa mutu wamadzi womwewo ndi momwe zimatulutsira, imatha kuchepetsa kwambiri kukula kwa unit ya turbine, kuchepetsa kulemera kwa unit, ndikusunga kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu, kotero ndiyotsika mtengo.
2. Kapangidwe ka pamwamba ndi kukhwima kwa tsamba lothamanga la turbine yoyenda ya axial kungakwaniritse mosavuta zofunikira pakupanga. Chifukwa masamba a turbine yoyenda ya axial-flow rotary-paddle amatha kuzungulira, magwiridwe antchito apakati ndi apamwamba kuposa a turbine yoyenda yosakanikirana. Pamene katundu ndi mutu wa madzi zisintha, magwiridwe antchito sasintha kwambiri.
3. Masamba othamanga a turbine ya axial-flow paddle akhoza kuchotsedwa, zomwe ndi zosavuta kupanga ndi kunyamula.
Chifukwa chake, turbine ya axial flow imatha kusunga bata mu range yayikulu yogwirira ntchito, yokhala ndi kugwedezeka kochepa, komanso magwiridwe antchito apamwamba komanso kutulutsa. Mu range ya low-head, yatsala pang'ono kulowa m'malo mwa turbine ya Francis. M'zaka zaposachedwa, pankhani ya mphamvu ya unit imodzi komanso kugwiritsa ntchito water head, pakhala chitukuko chachikulu, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kulinso kwakukulu.

Zoyipa za turbine yoyenda ya axial
Komabe, turbine ya axial flow ilinso ndi zofooka ndipo imachepetsa ntchito yake. Zofooka zazikulu ndi izi:
1. Chiwerengero cha masamba ndi chochepa, ndipo ndi cholimba kwambiri, kotero mphamvu yake ndi yochepa, ndipo singagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo opangira magetsi apakati ndi apamwamba.
2. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe ka mayunitsi komanso liwiro lalikulu la mayunitsi, imakhala ndi kutalika kochepa koyamwa kuposa turbine ya Francis pansi pa mutu womwewo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maziko a siteshoni yamagetsi akhazikike kwambiri komanso ndalama zambiri zimayikidwa.

Malinga ndi zofooka zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa za ma turbine oyenda pansi pa nthaka, zipangizo zatsopano zotsutsana ndi cavitation zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma turbine ndipo mphamvu ya masamba imakula bwino pakupanga, kotero kuti mutu wogwiritsira ntchito ma turbine oyenda pansi pa nthaka umakula nthawi zonse. Pakadali pano, mutu wogwiritsira ntchito wa turbine yoyenda pansi pa nthaka ndi mamita 3 mpaka 90, ndipo walowa m'dera la turbine ya Francis. Mwachitsanzo, mphamvu yayikulu yotulutsa ma turbine oyenda pansi pa nthaka akunja ndi mamita 181,700 kW, mutu waukulu wa madzi ndi mamita 88, ndipo m'mimba mwake ndi mamita 10.3. Mphamvu yayikulu yotulutsa ma turbine oyenda pansi pa nthaka a axial-flow omwe amapangidwa m'dziko langa ndi mamita 175,000 kW, mutu waukulu wa madzi ndi mamita 78, ndipo m'mimba mwake ndi mamita 11.3. Turbine yoyenda pansi pa nthaka yokhala ndi masamba okhazikika komanso kapangidwe kosavuta, koma singathe kusintha malinga ndi malo opangira magetsi ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa mutu wa madzi ndi katundu. Ili ndi mutu wokhazikika wamadzi ndipo imagwira ntchito ngati maziko a mphamvu kapena malo opangira magetsi ambiri. Mphamvu ya nyengo ikakhala yochuluka, kufananiza kwachuma n'kotheka. Kungaganiziridwenso. Mutu wake woyenerera ndi 3-50m. Ma turbine oyenda ndi axial nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zida zoyima. Njira yake yogwirira ntchito imakhala yofanana ndi ya ma turbine a Francis. Kusiyana kwake ndikuti katundu akasintha, sikuti amangowongolera kuzungulira kwa ma vane otsogolera. , komanso kusintha kuzungulira kwa masamba othamanga kuti asunge magwiridwe antchito apamwamba.

Kale, tinayambitsanso ma turbine a Francis. Pakati pa ma turbine jenereta, pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ma turbine a Francis ndi ma axial flow turbines. Mwachitsanzo, kapangidwe ka ma runner awo ndi kosiyana. Masamba a ma turbine a Francis ali pafupi kufanana ndi main shaft, pomwe ma axial flow turbines ali pafupifupi olunjika ku main shaft.