Turbine mmiri bụ igwe turbine n'ime igwe mmiri. Malite na ihe dị ka afọ 100 Tupu Kraịst, e mepụtara ihe nlereanya nke turbine mmiri, wiil mmiri. N'oge ahụ, ọrụ bụ́ isi bụ ịkwọ ụgbọala igwe maka nhazi ọka na ịgba mmiri. Wheel mmiri, dị ka ngwaọrụ igwe nke na-eji mmiri agafe dị ka ike, etolitela n'ime turbine mmiri dị ugbu a, a gbasakwara oke ojiji ya. Yabụ ebee ka e ji turbine mmiri ọgbara ọhụrụ eme ihe karịsịa?
A na-ejikarị turbines eme ihe n'ọdụ ike nchekwa a na-akpọ pamp. Mgbe ibu nke sistemụ ike dị ala karịa ibu isi, enwere ike iji ya dị ka ọkpọ mmiri iji jiri ikike mmepụta ike karịrị akarị gbapụta mmiri site na ebe nchekwa dị n'okpuru ala gaa na ebe nchekwa dị n'elu iji chekwaa ike n'ụdị ike nwere ike; mgbe ibu sistemụ dị elu karịa ibu isi, enwere ike iji ya dị ka turbine hydraulic, na-emepụta ọkụ eletrik iji chịkwaa ibu kachasị elu. Ya mere, ebe nchekwa ike a na-akpọ pamp enweghị ike ịbawanye ike nke sistemụ ike, mana ọ nwere ike imeziwanye akụ na ụba ọrụ nke nkeji na-emepụta ike okpomọkụ ma melite arụmọrụ zuru oke nke sistemụ ike. Kemgbe afọ 1950, a na-eji ngwa nchekwa a na-akpọ pamp eme ihe nke ukwuu ma mepụta ngwa ngwa na mba gburugburu ụwa.
Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe nchekwa e ji ọkpọkọ rụọ nke e mepụtara n'oge mbụ ma ọ bụ nke nwere isi mmiri dị elu na-agbaso ụdị igwe atọ ahụ, ya bụ, ha mejupụtara injin jenerato, turbine mmiri na ọkpọkọ mmiri n'usoro. Uru ya bụ na e mepụtara turbine na ọkpọkọ mmiri iche iche, nke ọ bụla nwere ike inwe arụmọrụ ka mma, na ọkpọkọ ahụ na-agbagharị n'otu ụzọ mgbe ọ na-emepụta ọkụ eletrik na ọkpọkọ mmiri, ma nwee ike ịgbanwe ngwa ngwa site na mmepụta ike gaa na ọkpọkọ mmiri, ma ọ bụ site na ọkpọkọ mmiri gaa na ọkpọkọ mmiri. N'otu oge ahụ, enwere ike iji turbine ahụ malite ngwa ahụ. Ihe ọghọm ya bụ na ọnụ ahịa ya dị elu na itinye ego na ọdụ ọkụ eletrik dị ukwuu.
Enwere ike ịtụgharị agụba nke onye na-agba ọsọ nke turbine oblique flow pump, ọ ka na-arụkwa ọrụ nke ọma mgbe isi mmiri na ibu gbanwere. Agbanyeghị, n'ihi mmachi nke njirimara hydraulic na ike ihe, na mbido afọ 1980, isi net ya dị naanị mita 136.2. (Ọdụ Ike Takagen First nke Japan). Maka isi ndị dị elu, a chọrọ turbine ọkpọkọ Francis.
Ọdụ ike nchekwa a na-akpọ "pumped station" nwere ebe nchekwa elu na ala. N'ọnọdụ ịchekwa otu ike ahụ, ịbawanye ebuli elu nwere ike ibelata ikike nchekwa, mee ka ọsọ nke unit ahụ dịkwuo elu, ma belata ọnụ ahịa ọrụ ahụ. Ya mere, ọdụ ike nchekwa ike dị elu karịa mita 300 etoola ngwa ngwa. A na-etinye turbine Francis nke nwere isi mmiri kachasị elu n'ụwa na Ọdụ Ike Baina Basta na Yugoslavia. afọ a malitere ọrụ. Kemgbe narị afọ nke 20, nkeji ike mmiri anọwo na-etolite n'akụkụ nke paramita dị elu na ikike buru ibu. Site na mmụba nke ikike ike okpomọkụ na sistemụ ike na mmepe nke ike nuklia, iji dozie nsogbu nke iwu kachasị elu, na mgbakwunye na mmepe siri ike ma ọ bụ ịgbasa nnukwu ọdụ ike na sistemụ mmiri dị mkpa, mba gburugburu ụwa na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na-ewu ọdụ ike nchekwa a na-akpọ "pumped station", na-ebute mmepe ngwa ngwa nke turbines ọkpọkọ.
Dịka igwe ike nke na-agbanwe ike mmiri ka ọ bụrụ ike igwe na-agbagharị agbagharị, turbine mmiri bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke ihe eji emepụta hydro-generator. Taa, nsogbu nke nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi na-aghọwanye njọ, ojiji na nkwalite nke hydropower, nke na-eji ike dị ọcha, na-amụbawanye. Iji jiri ọtụtụ ihe onwunwe hydraulic mee ihe nke ọma, ebili mmiri, osimiri dị larịị nwere obere mbelata na ọbụna ebili mmiri adọtawokwa mmasị zuru ụwa ọnụ, na-ebute mmepe ngwa ngwa nke turbine tubular na obere nkeji ndị ọzọ.
Oge ozi: Maachị-23-2022
