ʻO ka pumped storage hydropower station ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia a me ka ʻenehana oʻo i ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu nui, a hiki i ka hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia o ka hale mana ke hiki i ka pae gigawatt. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka hale mana mālama ʻia me ka pae hoʻomohala ʻoi loa o ka honua.
Loaʻa i ka hale hoʻokele wai wai hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka ʻenehana makua a paʻa a me nā pōmaikaʻi piha kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no ka ʻohi ʻana a me ke kū ʻana. ʻO ka pumped storage hydropower station ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia a me ka ʻenehana oʻo i ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu nui, a hiki i ka hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia o ka hale mana ke hiki i ka pae gigawatt.
Wahi a nā helu helu piha ʻole o ke Kōmike ʻOihana mālama ikehu o China Energy Research Association, i kēia manawa, ʻo ka pumped storage hydropower station me ka hoʻomohala ʻoi loa a ʻo ka mana nui loa i hoʻokomo ʻia ma ka honua ʻo ka pumped storage hydropower station. Ma ka makahiki 2019, ua hiki i ka 180 miliona KW ka nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu, a ua ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui o ka nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai wai ma mua o 170 miliona KW, ʻo ia ka 94% o ka nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu honua.
Pumped storage hydropower station hoʻohana i ka mana ma ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka mana nenoaiu e paila i ka wai i kahi kiʻekiʻe no ka waiho 'ana, a hoʻokuʻu i ka wai no ka mana o ka mana i loko o ka peak haawe manawa. Ke haʻahaʻa ka haʻahaʻa, ʻo ka mea hoʻohana ka mea hoʻohana i ka hale mālama wai wai; I ka haawe kiʻekiʻe, he mea mana.
ʻElua mau hana maʻamau o ka Pumped Storage Hydropower Station: pumping and power generation. Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻāpana ma ke ʻano he turbine hydraulic i ka wā o ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻōnaehana mana. Hoʻololi ʻia ka wehe ʻana o ka vane alakaʻi o ka turbine hydraulic ma o ka ʻōnaehana kiaʻāina e hoʻohuli i ka ikehu kūpono o ka wai i loko o ka ikehu mechanical o ka hui ʻana, a laila hoʻololi ʻia ka ikehu mechanical i ka ikehu uila ma o ka mīkini hana;
Ke haʻahaʻa ka haʻahaʻa o ka ʻōnaehana mana, hoʻohana ʻia ia e like me ka paila wai e hana ai. Hoʻohana ʻia ka ikehu uila ma kahi haʻahaʻa no ka paila ʻana i ka wai mai ka waihona haʻahaʻa a i ka waihona luna. Ma o ka hoʻololi 'akomi o ka'ōnaehana kia'āina, ua hoʻololi 'ia ka wehe 'ana o ka vane alakaʻi e like me ke poʻo pamu, a ua hoʻololiʻia ka ikehu uila i ka ikehu wai no ka mālamaʻana.
ʻO ke kumu nui o ka pumped storage hydropower station ke kumu nui o ka shaving peak, frequency modulation, emergency standby a me ka hoʻomaka ʻeleʻele o ka ʻōnaehana mana, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi a kaulike i ka ukana o ka ʻōnaehana mana, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka mana a me nā pono waiwai o ka ʻōnaehana mana, a ʻo ia ke pou e hōʻoia ai i ka palekana, hoʻokele waiwai a paʻa ka hana o ka mana mana. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo "stabilizer", "regulator" a me "balancer" i ka hana palekana o ka pā mana.
ʻO ke ʻano o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā kikowaena wai wai wai i ka honua he poʻo kiʻekiʻe, ka mana nui a me ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ke poʻo wai kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻāpana i kahi poʻo wai kiʻekiʻe. 'O ka mana nui, 'o ia ho'i, ke pi'i a'e nei ka mana o ho'okahi. ʻO ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻohana ai ka ʻāpana i kahi wikiwiki kikoʻī kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO ke ʻano a me nā ʻano
ʻO nā hale nui o Pumped Storage Hydropower Station ka mea maʻamau i loko o ka waihona o luna, ka waihona haʻahaʻa, ka ʻōnaehana lawe wai, ka hale mana a me nā hale kūikawā ʻē aʻe. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kikowaena hydropower maʻamau, ʻo nā ʻōnaehana hydraulic o nā hale wai wai e hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka pumped i kēia mau hiʻohiʻona nui:
ʻElua mau pūnāwai. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kikowaena hydropower maʻamau me ka mana like i hoʻokomo ʻia, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka waihona wai o nā hale hoʻokele wai wai.
Hoʻololi nui ka pae wai waihona a piʻi a hāʻule pinepine. I mea e hoʻokō ai i ka hana o ka kahiki kiʻekiʻe a me ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ke awāwa i ka mana mana, ʻo ka nui o ka nui o ka nui o ka pae wai wai o Pumped Storage Hydropower Station ka mea maʻamau, ʻoi aku ma mua o 10 ~ 20m, a hiki i kekahi mau kikowaena hydropower a hiki i 30 ~ 40m, a wikiwiki ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wai wai, maʻamau a hiki i 5 ~ 8m.
He kiʻekiʻe nā koi no ka anti-seepage o ka waihona. Inā lilo ka wai nui o ka hale waihona wai wai maʻemaʻe ma muli o ke kahe ʻana o ka waihona o luna, e hoʻemi ʻia ka mana o ka mana. No laila, kiʻekiʻe nā koi no ka anti-seepage o ka waihona. I ka manawa like, i mea e pale aku ai i ka emi ʻana o nā kūlana hydrogeological i ka wahi o ka papahana, ka ʻino o ka seepage a me ka leakage concentrated i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka seepage wai, ua kau ʻia nā koi kiʻekiʻe no ka pale ʻana i ka wai.
Kiʻekiʻe ke poʻo wai. ʻO ke poʻo wai o ka Pumped Storage Hydropower Station he kiʻekiʻe loa, ʻoi aku ka nui o 200 ~ 800m. ʻO Jixi Pumped Storage Hydropower Station me ka nui o ka mana o 1.8 miliona kW ka papahana 650 mika poʻo mua ma Kina, a ʻo Dunhua Pumped Storage Hydropower Station me ka nui o ka mana o 1.4 miliona kW ka papahana 700 mika poʻo mua ma Kina. Me ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o ka pae ʻenehana o nā hale kūʻai wai wai puna, e ʻoi aku ka nui o nā poʻo kiʻekiʻe a me nā kikowaena hydropower nui ma Kina.
He haʻahaʻa ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana. I mea e lanakila ai i ka mana o ka buoyancy a me ka seepage ma luna o ka hale mana, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia nā kikowaena wai wai wai nui i kūkulu ʻia ma ka home a ma waho i ke ʻano o ka hale mana lalo i nā makahiki i hala.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Apr-25-2022
