Ruwan turbine turbomachinery ne a cikin injinan ruwa. Tun kusan 100 BC, an haifi samfurin injin turbin ruwa, dabaran ruwa. A wancan lokacin babban aikin shi ne tuka injinan sarrafa hatsi da ban ruwa. Tashar ruwa, a matsayin na’urar injina da ke amfani da kwararar ruwa a matsayin wuta, ta samu ci gaba zuwa injin turbin da ake amfani da shi a halin yanzu, kuma an fadada ikon yin amfani da shi. To a ina aka fi amfani da injinan ruwa na zamani?
Ana amfani da injin turbin musamman a cikin tashoshin wutar lantarki da aka yi amfani da su. Lokacin da nauyin tsarin wutar lantarki ya kasance ƙasa da nauyin asali, ana iya amfani da shi azaman famfo na ruwa don amfani da ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki mai yawa don fitar da ruwa daga tafki na ƙasa zuwa tafki na sama don adana makamashi a cikin nau'i mai mahimmanci; lokacin da nauyin tsarin ya fi girma fiye da nauyin asali, ana iya amfani dashi azaman turbine na hydraulic , yana haifar da wutar lantarki don daidaita nauyin nauyi. Don haka, tashar wutar lantarki mai tsaftar famfo ba za ta iya ƙara ƙarfin tsarin wutar lantarki ba, amma tana iya haɓaka tattalin arziƙin na'urori masu samar da wutar lantarki da haɓaka ingantaccen tsarin wutar lantarki gaba ɗaya. Tun daga shekarun 1950s, rukunin ma'ajiyar famfo sun kasance masu kima da haɓaka cikin sauri a cikin ƙasashe na duniya.
Galibin rumbun ajiyar da aka samar da su a farkon matakin ko kuma tare da babban kan ruwa sun dauki nau'in na'ura guda uku, wato, sun hada da injin janareta, injin turbin ruwa da famfon ruwa a jere. Amfaninsa shi ne, injin injin turbine da famfon na ruwa an kera su daban, wanda kowanne zai iya yin aiki da inganci, kuma na’urar tana juyawa ta hanya daya lokacin samar da wutar lantarki da fanfo ruwa, kuma za ta iya canjawa da sauri daga samar da wutar lantarki zuwa famfo, ko kuma daga famfo zuwa samar da wutar lantarki. A lokaci guda, ana iya amfani da injin turbin don fara naúrar. Rashin hasara shi ne cewa farashin yana da yawa kuma jarin tashar wutar lantarki yana da yawa.
Za'a iya jujjuya ruwan wukake na mai gudu na turbine mai kwarara mai gudana, kuma har yanzu yana da kyakkyawan aikin aiki lokacin da shugaban ruwa da kaya suka canza. Duk da haka, saboda ƙayyadaddun halaye na hydraulic da ƙarfin kayan aiki, a farkon shekarun 1980, kansa ya kasance kawai mita 136.2. (Takagen Farko na Wutar Lantarki ta Japan). Don manyan shugabanni, ana buƙatar injin famfo na Francis.
Tashar wutar lantarki da aka yi famfo tana da tafki na sama da na ƙasa. A ƙarƙashin yanayin adana makamashi iri ɗaya, haɓaka ɗagawa zai iya rage ƙarfin ajiya, ƙara saurin naúrar, da rage farashin aikin. Don haka, tashar wutar lantarki mai girman kai sama da mita 300 ta haɓaka cikin sauri. An shigar da injin turbine na Francis tare da mafi girman kan ruwa a duniya a tashar wutar lantarki ta Baina Basta a Yugoslavia. shekara ta aiki. Tun daga karni na 20, raka'o'in wutar lantarki na ruwa sun kasance suna tasowa ta hanyar manyan sigogi da manyan iya aiki. Tare da haɓaka ƙarfin wutar lantarki na thermal a cikin tsarin wutar lantarki da haɓaka ƙarfin nukiliya, don magance matsalar ƙa'idodin ƙa'idodi masu dacewa, ban da haɓaka ƙarfi ko faɗaɗa manyan tashoshin wutar lantarki a cikin manyan tsarin ruwa, ƙasashe a duniya suna yunƙurin gina tashoshin wutar lantarki da aka yi amfani da su, wanda ke haifar da saurin haɓakar famfo-turbines.
A matsayin injin wutar lantarki wanda ke canza makamashin kwararar ruwa zuwa makamashin injina mai jujjuyawa, injin turbine wani bangare ne da ba dole ba ne na saitin janareta na ruwa. A halin yanzu, matsalar kare muhalli tana kara yin tsanani, kuma aikace-aikace da inganta wutar lantarki mai amfani da makamashi mai tsafta yana karuwa. Domin yin cikakken amfani da albarkatun ruwa iri-iri, tides, filayen kogunan da ke da raguwa sosai har ma da raƙuman ruwa sun ja hankalin jama'a, wanda ya haifar da haɓakar injin turbin tubular da sauran ƙananan raka'a.
Lokacin aikawa: Maris 23-2022
