1.Nau'i da halaye na aikin janareta
Janareta na'ura ce da ke samar da wutar lantarki idan aka yi amfani da wutar lantarki. A cikin wannan tsari na jujjuya wutar lantarki, injina yana fitowa ne daga nau'ikan makamashi iri-iri, kamar makamashin iska, makamashin ruwa, makamashin zafi, makamashin rana da sauransu. Dangane da nau'ikan wutar lantarki daban-daban, an rarraba janaretoci zuwa na'urorin DC da na AC.
1. Halayen aiki na janareta na DC
DC janareta yana da halaye na dace amfani da abin dogara aiki. Yana iya samar da wutar lantarki kai tsaye ga kowane nau'in kayan lantarki da ke buƙatar wutar lantarki ta DC. Duk da haka, akwai mai motsi a cikin janareta na DC, wanda ke da sauƙi don samar da wutar lantarki da ƙananan ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki. Za'a iya amfani da janareta na DC gabaɗaya azaman samar da wutar lantarki don injin DC, electrolysis, electroplating, caji da tashin hankali na madadin.
2. Halayen aiki na alternator
AC janareta yana nufin janareta da ke haifar da AC ƙarƙashin aikin ƙarfin injin waje. Ana iya raba irin wannan janareta zuwa samar da wutar lantarki ta AC
Generator na aiki tare shine ya fi kowa a tsakanin masu samar da AC. Irin wannan janareta yana jin daɗi da halin yanzu na DC, wanda zai iya ba da ƙarfin aiki da ƙarfin amsawa. Ana iya amfani da shi don samar da wuta ga kayan aiki daban-daban masu buƙatar wutar lantarki na AC. Bugu da kari, bisa ga mabambantan masu motsi da aka yi amfani da su, ana iya raba janareta masu aiki tare zuwa injin injin tururi, injin injin ruwa, injin dizal da injin injin iska.
Ana amfani da maɓalli sosai, alal misali, ana amfani da janareta don samar da wutar lantarki a tashoshin wutar lantarki daban-daban, kamfanoni, shaguna, samar da wutar lantarki na gida, motoci, da sauransu.
Samfurin da sigogi na fasaha na janareta
Domin saukaka gudanar da sarrafa na’urar da kuma amfani da janareta, jihar ta hada tsarin hada na’urar samar da wutar lantarki, sannan ta manna farantin sunan janareta a daidai matsayin harsashinsa, wanda ya hada da na’urar janareta, kimar wutar lantarki, karfin samar da wutar lantarki, ingancin wutar lantarki, darajar insulation, mita, karfin wuta da sauri.
Model da ma'anar janareta
Samfurin janareta yawanci bayanin samfurin naúrar ne, gami da nau'in fitarwar wutar lantarki ta janareta, nau'in rukunin janareta, halayen sarrafawa, lambar ƙirar ƙira da halayen muhalli.
Bugu da ƙari, samfuran wasu janareta suna da hankali da sauƙi, wanda ya fi dacewa don ganowa, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto 6, gami da lambar samfur, ƙarfin lantarki da ƙimar halin yanzu.
(1) Ƙimar wutar lantarki
Ƙididdigar ƙarfin lantarki yana nufin ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki ta janareta yayin aiki na yau da kullun, kuma naúrar ita ce kV.
(2) Ƙididdigar halin yanzu
Ƙididdigar halin yanzu yana nufin matsakaicin halin yanzu aiki na janareta a ƙarƙashin aiki na yau da kullun da ci gaba, a cikin Ka. Lokacin da aka ƙididdige wasu sigogi na janareta, janareta yana aiki a wannan halin yanzu, kuma hauhawar zafin jiki na iskar stator ɗinsa ba zai wuce iyakar da aka yarda ba.
(3) Gudun juyawa
Gudun janareta yana nufin matsakaicin saurin jujjuyawar babban shaft ɗin janareta a cikin mintuna 1. Wannan siga yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman sigogi don tantance aikin janareta.
(4) Yawaita
Mitar tana nufin ma'amalar lokacin igiyar AC sine a cikin janareta, kuma sashinsa shine Hertz (Hz). Misali, idan mitar janareta ta kasance 50Hz, yana nuna cewa alkiblar canjin halin yanzu da sauran sigogin 1s sun canza sau 50.
(5) Matsalolin wuta
Janareta yana samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar jujjuyawar wutar lantarki, kuma ikon fitar da shi za a iya raba shi zuwa nau'i biyu: ikon amsawa da ƙarfin aiki. Ana amfani da wutar lantarki mafi mahimmanci don samar da filin maganadisu da canza wutar lantarki da maganadisu; Ana ba da ikon aiki don masu amfani. A cikin jimlar ƙarfin wutar lantarki na janareta, adadin ƙarfin aiki shine ƙarfin wutar lantarki.
(6) Haɗin kai
Ana iya raba haɗin haɗin janareta zuwa nau'i biyu, wato haɗin gwiwar triangular (△ △) da haɗin tauraro (Y-shaped), kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto na 9. A cikin janareta, iska guda uku na stator na janareta galibi ana haɗa su zuwa tauraro.
(7) Ajin insulation
Matsayin insulation na janareta galibi yana nufin ƙimar juriya da zafin jiki na kayan rufewar sa. A cikin janareta, kayan rufewa shine hanyar haɗi mai rauni. Kayan abu yana da sauƙi don hanzarta tsufa har ma da lalacewa a yanayin zafi mai yawa, don haka yanayin juriya na zafi na kayan haɓaka daban-daban kuma ya bambanta. Wannan siga yawanci ana wakilta ta da haruffa, inda y ke nuna cewa zafin jiki mai jure zafin jiki shine 90 ℃, yana nuna cewa zafin jiki mai jure zafi shine 105 ℃, e yana nuna cewa zafin jiki mai jure zafi shine 120 ℃, B yana nuna cewa zafin jiki mai jure zafi shine 130 ℃, f yana nuna zafin zafi mai jurewa ℃ 15℃. 180 ℃, kuma C yana nuna cewa zafin jiki mai jurewa ya wuce 180 ℃.
(8) Wasu
A cikin janareta, ban da sigogin fasaha na sama, akwai kuma sigogi kamar adadin matakan janareta, jimlar nauyin naúrar da kwanan wata masana'anta. Waɗannan sigogin suna da hankali kuma suna da sauƙin fahimta lokacin karantawa, kuma galibi don masu amfani su koma wurin amfani da ko siye.
3. Alamar gano janareta a layi
Generator yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da ke cikin da'irori masu sarrafawa kamar kayan aikin lantarki da na'ura. Lokacin zana zane-zanen da ya dace da kowane da'irar sarrafawa, janareta ba ya bayyana da ainihin siffarsa, amma an yi masa alama da zane ko zane-zane, haruffa da sauran alamomin da ke wakiltar aikinsa.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-15-2021
