Isiteshi samandla kagesi esipompayo siwubuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa kakhulu futhi obuvuthiwe endaweni yokugcina amandla amakhulu, futhi umthamo ofakiwe wesiteshi sikagesi ungafinyelela ezingeni le-gigawatt. Njengamanje, isiteshi samandla esipompayo esinesilinganiso sokuthuthuka esikhule kakhulu emhlabeni.
Isiteshi samandla kagesi esipompayo sinobuchwepheshe obuvuthiwe nobuzinzile kanye nezinzuzo eziphezulu ezibanzi. Ivamise ukusetshenziselwa ukushefa okuphezulu nokubekwe eceleni. Isiteshi samandla kagesi esipompayo siwubuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa kakhulu futhi obuvuthiwe endaweni yokugcina amandla amakhulu, futhi umthamo ofakiwe wesiteshi sikagesi ungafinyelela ezingeni le-gigawatt.
Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelele zeKomidi Lobungcweti lokugcina amandla le-China Energy Research Association, okwamanje, isiteshi sokuphehlwa kukagesi esifakwe emanzini esithuthukisiwe esivuthwe kakhulu kanye nomthamo omkhulu kunawo wonke ofakiwe emhlabeni yisiteshi sokuphehla ugesi esipompayo. Ngonyaka wezi-2019, amandla okugcina amandla emhlabeni wonke asefinyelele ezigidini eziyi-180 kW, futhi umthamo ofakiwe weziteshi zokuphehla ugesi ezimpontshwa usungaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-170 KW, okubalelwa ku-94% wesamba esiphelele sokugcinwa kwamandla emhlabeni.
Isiteshi sikagesi esipompayo esigcina ugesi sisebenzisa amandla omthwalo ophansi wesistimu kagesi ukumpompa amanzi endaweni ephakeme ukuze agcinwe, futhi sikhiphe amanzi okukhiqiza ugesi ngesikhathi somthwalo omkhulu. Uma umthwalo uphansi, isiteshi samandla kagesi esipompeliwe siwumsebenzisi; Lapho ilayisha kakhulu, iyisikhungo samandla.
Iyunithi yePumped Storage Hydropower Station inemisebenzi emibili eyisisekelo: ukupompa kanye nokukhiqiza amandla. Iyunithi isebenza njenge-hydraulic turbine phakathi nomthwalo ophezulu wesistimu yamandla. Ukuvulwa kwe-vane ye-guide ye-hydraulic turbine kulungiswa ngohlelo lombusi ukuze kuguqulwe amandla angaba khona amanzi abe amandla omshini wokuzungezisa iyunithi, bese amandla emishini eguqulwa abe amandla kagesi ngejeneretha;
Uma umthwalo wesistimu yamandla uphansi, isetshenziswa njengepompo yamanzi ukuze isebenze. Amandla kagesi endaweni ephansi asetshenziselwa ukumpompa amanzi esuka endaweni engaphansi eya endaweni engaphezulu. Ngokulungiswa okuzenzakalelayo kwesistimu yombusi, ukuvulwa kwe-vane yomhlahlandlela kulungiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokusho kwekhanda lepompo, futhi amandla kagesi aguqulwa abe amandla angaba namandla okugcina amanzi.
Isiteshi sikagesi esipompayo sibhekene kakhulu nokushefa okuphezulu, ukushintsha imvamisa, ukulinda izimo eziphuthumayo kanye nokuqalisa okumnyama kohlelo lwamandla, okungathuthukisa futhi kulinganise umthwalo wesistimu yamandla, kuthuthukise izinga lokuphakelwa kukagesi kanye nezinzuzo zezomnotho zohlelo lwamandla, futhi siyinsika yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile, kwezomnotho nokuzinzile kwegridi yamandla. Isiteshi samandla kagesi esipompayo saziwa ngokuthi “i-stabilizer”, “isilawuli” kanye “ne-balancer” ekusebenzeni okuphephile kwegridi yamandla.
Umkhuba wokuthuthukiswa kweziteshi eziphehla ugesi ophehlwa ngamanzi emhlabeni wonke unekhanda eliphezulu, umthamo omkhulu kanye nesivinini esikhulu. Ikhanda lamanzi aphezulu lisho ukuthi iyunithi ikhula ibe ikhanda lamanzi eliphakeme. Umthamo omkhulu usho ukuthi umthamo weyunithi eyodwa uyakhula. Isivinini esikhulu sisho ukuthi iyunithi ithatha isivinini esithile esiphezulu.
Isakhiwo nezici
Izakhiwo eziyinhloko zePumped Storage Hydropower Station ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ichibi eliphezulu, ichibi eliphansi, uhlelo lokuthutha amanzi, indlu kagesi nezinye izakhiwo ezikhethekile. Uma kuqhathaniswa neziteshi ezijwayelekile zokuphehla ugesi ngamanzi, izakhiwo ezisebenza ngamanzi eziteshini zikagesi ezimpontshwayo zinezimpawu ezisemqoka ezilandelayo:
Kunamadamu amabili. Uma kuqhathaniswa neziteshi ezijwayelekile zikagesi ophehlwa ngamanzi ezinomthamo ofanayo ofakiwe, umthamo we-reservoir weziteshi zokuphehla ugesi ompontshwayo uvamise ukuba mncane.
Izinga lamanzi echibini liyashintsha kakhulu futhi liyakhuphuka futhi lehle njalo. Ukuze wenze umsebenzi wokushefa okuphezulu nokugcwaliswa kwesigodi kugridi kagesi, ukwahlukahlukana kwansuku zonke kwezinga lamanzi echibini le-Pumped Storage Hydropower Station ngokuvamile lilikhulu, ngokuvamile lingaphezu kuka-10 ~ 20m, kanti ezinye iziteshi zikagesi zifinyelela ku-30 ~ 40m, futhi izinga lokuhluka kwamanzi echibini liyashesha ukuya ku-5h ~ 1m kuya ku-8 h ~ 8m noma ku-8m noma ngisho nokufika ku-8m. / h.
Izidingo ze-anti-seepage ye-reservoir ziphezulu. Uma isiteshi sikagesi esimpontshwa esigciniwe esihlanzekile silahlekelwa amanzi amaningi ngenxa yokuvuza kwedamu eliphezulu, ukukhiqizwa kukagesi esiteshini kuzoncipha. Ngakho-ke, izidingo ze-anti-seepage ye-reservoir ziphezulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuwohloka kwezimo ze-hydrogeological endaweni yephrojekthi, ukulimala kwe-sepage kanye nokuvuza okugxilile okubangelwa ukugeleza kwamanzi, izidingo eziphakeme nazo zibekwe phambili ukuze kuvinjelwe ukugeleza kwedamu.
Ikhanda lamanzi liphakeme. Inhloko yamanzi yePumped Storage Hydropower Station ngokuvamile iphakeme, iningi layo lingama-200 ~ 800m. I-Jixi Pumped Storage Hydropower Station enamandla afakiwe angu-1.8 million kW iwumsebenzi wokuqala wengxenye yamamitha angama-650 eShayina, kanti iDunhua Pumped Storage Hydropower Station enamandla afakiwe angu-1.4 million kW iwuhlelo lokuqala lwengxenye yamamitha angu-700 eShayina. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezinga lobuchwepheshe leziteshi zokuphehla ugesi ezimpontshwayo, inani leziteshi eziphehla ugesi eziphehla amandla amakhulu kanye nezamandla amakhulu e-China zizokwanda.
Ukuphakama kokufakwa kweyunithi kuphansi. Ukuze kunqotshwe ithonya lokunyakaza nokugeleza kwamanzi endaweni ephehla ugesi, iziteshi ezinkulu zikagesi ezimpontshwayo ezakhiwe ekhaya naphesheya ngokuvamile zamukela uhlobo lwendlu yokuphehla amandla engaphansi komhlaba eminyakeni yamuva nje.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-25-2022
