Intshayelelo emfutshane yesiXhobo seTurbine kwiZityalo zoMbane wamanzi

1. Umgaqo wokusebenza
I-iturbine yamanzi ngamandla okuhamba kwamanzi. I-iturbine yamanzi ngoomatshini bamandla abaguqula amandla okuqukuqela kwamanzi abe ngamandla omatshini ajikelezayo. Amanzi akwidama elinyukayo akhokelelwa kwi-injini yomoya ngombhobho wokuguqula, oqhuba umgijimi weinjini yomoya ukuba ajikelezise kwaye aqhube ijenereyitha ukuba yenze umbane.

Ifomula yokubala yamandla emveliso ye turbine ihamba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
P＝9. H – intloko yamanzi, m; Q - ukuhamba nge-turbine, m3 / S; η— Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-hydraulic turbine
Iphezulu intloko h kunye nokukhupha okukhulu kwe-Q, iphezulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-injini yomoya η Ukuphakama kwamandla, amandla amakhulu emveliso.

2. Ukuhlelwa kunye nentloko esebenzayo ye-injini yeinjini yamanzi
Ukuhlelwa kweturbine
I-injini yokusabela: I-Francis, ukuhamba kwe-axial, ukuhamba kwe-oblique kunye ne-tubular turbine
I-injini yomoya yePelton: I-injini yomoya yePelton, i-oblique stroke turbine, i-injini yomoya ephindwe kabini kunye ne-Pelton turbine
Ukuqukuqela okuxubileyo okuthe nkqo
Ukuhamba okuthe nkqo kwe-axial
Ukuhamba kwe-Oblique
Intloko esebenzayo

I-injini yokusabela:
Francis turbine 20-700m
I-Axial flow turbine 3 ～ 80m
I-injini yokuhambisa amanzi eyongezelelekileyo 25 ～ 200m
I-Tubular turbine 1 ～ 25m

I-Impulse turbine:
I-Pelton turbine 300-1700m (enkulu), 40-250m (encinci)
20 ～ 300m ye-oblique impact turbine
Cofa kabini iturbine 5 ～ 100m (encinci)
Uhlobo lwe turbine lukhethwa ngokwentloko yokusebenza kunye nesantya esithile

3. Iiparamitha zokusebenza ezisisiseko ze-hydraulic turbine
Ikakhulu ibandakanya intloko h, flow Q, imveliso P kunye nokusebenza kakuhle η、 Isantya n.
Intloko yophawu H:
Ubuninzi bentloko Hmax: eyona ntloko inetha iphezulu evumeleke ukuba i-iturbine isebenze.
Ubuncinci bentloko ye-Hmin: ubuncinci bentloko enetha yokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kunye nozinzo lwe-hydraulic turbine.
I-avareji yobunzima bentloko yehektare: i-avareji yexabiso elinobunzima bazo zonke iintloko zamanzi zeinjini yomoya.
Intloko elinganisiweyo i-HR: eyona ntloko incinci ifunekayo ukuze i-iturbine ivelise iziphumo ezilinganisiweyo.
Ukukhutshwa Q: umthamo wevolumu odlula kwicandelo lokuhamba elinikiweyo leinjini yomoya ngexesha leyunithi, iyunithi esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo yi-m3 / s.
Isantya n: inani lojikelezo lwembaleki yeinjini yeinjini ngexesha leyunithi, edla ngokusetyenziswa kwi-R / min.
Isiphumo se-P: amandla emveliso ye-turbine shaft ekupheleni, iyunithi esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo: kW.
ukusebenza kakuhle η: Umlinganiselo wamandla egalelo kumandla emveliso yeinjini yolwelo lolwelo lomoya ubizwa ngokuba bubuchule beinjini yomoya oqhutywa ngamanzi.

4. Isakhiwo esingundoqo se-injini yomoya
Awona malungu angundoqo olwakhiwo lweinjini yokusabela zizivolowute, isangqa sokuhlala, isixhobo sokukhokela, isigqubuthelo esingaphezulu, imbaleki, ishafti engundoqo, isikhokelo sokuthwala, iringi esezantsi, ityhubhu eyidrafti, njl. njl.

5. Uvavanyo lwefektri ye-hydraulic turbine
Khangela, sebenzisa kwaye uvavanye iindawo eziphambili ezifana nevolute, imbaleki, i-shaft engundoqo, i-servomotor, ukuthwala isikhokelo kunye nekhava ephezulu.
Izinto eziphambili zokuhlola kunye novavanyo:
1) Ukuhlolwa kwezinto;
2) Ukuhlolwa kwe-Welding;
3) Uvavanyo olungonakalisi;
4) Uvavanyo loxinzelelo;
5) Ukujonga umyinge;
6) Indibano yefektri;
7) Uvavanyo lokuhamba;
I-8) Uvavanyo lwe-balance balance static, njl.