1. Te kaupapa mahi
Ko te tāpine wai te pūngao o te rere o te wai. Ko te tāpine wai te mīhini hiko e huri ana i te pūngao o te rere o te wai hei pūngao miihini hurihuri. Ka arahina te wai i roto i te puna wai o runga ki te tāpine mā te paipa whakawhiti, e akiaki ana i te kaikawe tāpine kia hurihuri, ā, e akiaki ana hoki i te whakaputa hiko.
Ko te tātai tātai mō te mana putanga o te tāpine penei:
P = 9．81H·Q· η（ Mana-P mai i te kaihanga wai, kW; H – te upoko o te wai, m; Q – te rere i roto i te tāpine, m3 / S; η— Te whai huatanga o te tāpine waipēhi
Ka teitei ake te pane h, ka nui ake hoki te tukunga Q, ka teitei ake te whai huatanga o te tāpine η. Ka teitei ake te mana, ka nui ake te mana putanga.
2. Te whakarōpūtanga me te pane e tika ana mō te tāpine wai
Whakarōpūtanga o te tāhū
Tāpine tauhohenga: Francis, rere tuaka, rere whakarara me te tāpine ngongo
Tāpine Pelton: Tāpine Pelton, tāpine whiu whakarara, tāpine whiu takirua me te tāpine Pelton
Rere whakauru poutū
Rere ā-tuaka poutū
Rere whakarara
Upoko e tika ana
Tāwhana tauhohenga:
Tāwhana Francis 20-700m
Tāpine rere ā-tuaka 3 ~ 80m
Tāpine rere piko 25 ~ 200m
Tāpine ngongo 1 ~ 25m
Tāpine hikohiko:
Tāpine Pelton 300-1700m (nui), 40-250m (iti)
20 ~ 300m mō te tāpine pānga whakarara
Tāpine pāwhiri rua 5 ～ 100m (iti)
Ka tīpakohia te momo tāpine i runga i te pane mahi me te tere motuhake
3. Ngā tawhā mahi taketake o te tāpine waipēhi
Kei roto i tēnei ko te pane h, te rere Q, te putanga P me te whai huatanga η、 Tere n.
Te pane āhuatanga H:
Upoko mōrahi Hmax: te upoko kupenga mōrahi ka taea e te tāpine te whakahaere.
Upoko iti rawa Hmin: te upoko kupenga iti rawa mō te mahi haumaru me te pumau o te tāpine waipēhi.
Te taumaha toharite o te taumaha ha: te uara toharite taumaha o ngā taumaha wai katoa o te tāpine.
HR pane whakatauranga: te pane kupenga iti rawa e hiahiatia ana kia whakaputa ai te tāpine i te putanga whakatauranga.
Tukunga Q: te rōrahi rere e tika ana mā roto i tētahi wāhanga rere o te tāpine i roto i te wā kotahi, ko te waeine e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko te m3/s.
Tere n: te maha o ngā hurihanga o te kaikawe tāpine i roto i te wā kotahi, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te R / min.
Putanga P: te mana putanga o te pito o te pou tāpine, te waeine e whakamahia whānuitia ana: kW.
whai huatanga η： Ko te ōwehenga o te mana whakauru ki te mana putanga o te tāpine waipēhi ka kiia ko te whai huatanga o te tāpine waipēhi.
4. Hanganga matua o te tāpine
Ko ngā wāhanga hanganga matua o te tāpine tauhohenga ko te aukume, te mowhiti pumau, te tikanga ārahi, te taupoki o runga, te oma, te pou matua, te whāriki ārahi, te mowhiti o raro, te ngongo hiko, me ētahi atu. E whakaatu ana ngā pikitia i runga ake nei i ngā wāhanga hanganga matua o te tāpine.
5. Whakamātautau wheketere o te tāpine waipēhi
Tirohia, whakahaere me te whakamātautau i ngā wāhanga matua pēnei i te volute, te runner, te rakau matua, te servomotor, te peera arataki me te taupoki o runga.
Ngā mea matua mō te tirotiro me te whakamātautau:
1) Te tirotiro rauemi;
2) Te tirotiro i te whakarewa;
3) Whakamātautau kore-whakangaro;
4) Whakamātautau pēhanga;
5) Tirotiro ine;
6) Huihuinga wheketere;
7) Whakamātautau nekehanga;
8) Whakamātautau taurite pūmau a te kaiurungi, me ētahi atu.
Wā tuku: Mei-10-2021
