Gabatarwa Takaitaccen Bayani Game da Kayan Aikin Turbine a Tashoshin Wutar Lantarki na Ruwa

1. Ka'idar aiki
Turbin ruwa shine makamashin kwararar ruwa. Turbin ruwa shine injin wutar lantarki wanda ke canza kuzarin kwararar ruwa zuwa makamashin inji mai juyawa. Ruwan da ke cikin ma'ajiyar ruwa ta sama yana kaiwa ga turbin ta hanyar bututun juyawa, wanda ke tura mai gudu na turbin ya juya kuma yana tura janareta don samar da wutar lantarki.

Tsarin lissafin ƙarfin fitarwa na injin turbine kamar haka:
P＝9．81H·Q· η（ P-power daga janareta mai samar da ruwa, kW; H – kan ruwa, m; Q – gudana ta cikin injin turbin, m3 / S; η— Ingancin injin turbin mai samar da ruwa
Mafi girman kan h da kuma girman Q na fitarwa, haka ingancin injin turbine yake ƙaruwa η Mafi girman ƙarfin, haka ƙarfin fitarwa yake ƙaruwa.

2. Rarrabawa da kuma kan injin turbin ruwa mai dacewa
Rarraba injin turbin
Turbin amsawa: Francis, kwararar axial, kwararar oblique da turbin tubular
Turbine na Pelton: Turbine na Pelton, turbine mai kama da bugun jini, turbine mai bugun jini biyu da turbine na Pelton
Gudun gauraye a tsaye
Gudun axial na tsaye
Guduwar da ta yi kama da ta baya
Kai mai dacewa

Injin turbin amsawa:
Turbine na Francis 20-700m
Injin turbine mai kwararar iska 3 ~ 80m
Injin turbine mai kwarara mai karkata 25 ～ 200m
Injin turbine mai siffar tubular 1 ~ 25m

Injin turbine mai ƙarfi:
Injin turbine na Pelton mai tsawon mita 300-1700 (babba), mita 40-250 (ƙarami)
20 ~ 300m don injin turbin mai tasirin gaske
Injin turbine mai dannawa biyu 5 ～ mita 100 (ƙarami)
Ana zaɓar nau'in injin turbin bisa ga kan aiki da takamaiman saurinsa.

3. Sigogi na asali na injin turbin hydraulic
Ya ƙunshi babban h, kwararar Q, fitarwa P da inganci η、 Speed ​​n.
Kan hali H:
Matsakaicin kai Hmax: matsakaicin kan raga da injin turbine ya yarda ya yi aiki.
Mafi ƙarancin kai Hmin: mafi ƙarancin kai don aminci da kwanciyar hankali na injin turbin hydraulic.
Matsakaicin nauyin kai ha: matsakaicin nauyin duk kawunan ruwa na injin turbine.
HR mai ƙima: mafi ƙarancin kan layi da ake buƙata don injin turbine don samar da fitarwa mai ƙima.
Fitar da ruwa: girman kwararar da ke ratsa wani sashe na kwararar injin turbine a lokacin naúrar, naúrar da aka fi amfani da ita ita ce m3 / s.
Gudun n: adadin juyawar injin turbine a lokacin naúrar, wanda aka fi amfani da shi a R/min.
Fitarwa P: ƙarfin fitarwa na ƙarshen shaft ɗin turbine, na'urar da aka fi amfani da ita: kW.
inganci η： Rabon ƙarfin shigarwa da ƙarfin fitarwa na injin turbin hydraulic ana kiransa ingancin injin turbin hydraulic.

4. Babban tsarin injin turbine
Babban sassan tsarin injin turbin amsawa sune volute, zoben tsayawa, tsarin jagora, murfin sama, mai gudu, babban shaft, bearing na jagora, zoben ƙasa, bututun zamiya, da sauransu. Hotunan da ke sama suna nuna manyan sassan tsarin injin turbin.

5. Gwajin masana'anta na injin turbin hydraulic
Duba, sarrafawa da gwada manyan sassan kamar volute, runner, babban shaft, servomotor, jagorar bearing da murfin sama.
Babban abubuwan dubawa da gwaji:
1) Duba kayan aiki;
2) Duba walda;
3) Gwaji mara lalatawa;
4) Gwajin matsin lamba;
5) Tabbatar da girma
6) Haɗa masana'anta;
7) Gwajin motsi;
8) Gwajin daidaiton gudu, da sauransu.