Isingeniso Esifushane Semishini Yokujika Emafektri Kagesi Wamanzi

1. Isimiso sokusebenza
I-turbine yamanzi ingamandla okugeleza kwamanzi. I-turbine yamanzi ingumshini wamandla oguqula amandla okugeleza kwamanzi abe amandla omshini ajikelezayo. Amanzi asechibini elingaphezulu komfula aholelwa ku-turbine ngepayipi lokuphambukisa, eliqhuba i-turbine runner ukuthi ijikeleze futhi liqhube i-generator ukuthi ikhiqize ugesi.

Ifomula yokubala yamandla okukhipha i-turbine imi kanje:
P＝9．81H·Q· η（ Amandla e-P avela ku-hydro generator, kW; H – ikhanda lamanzi, m; Q – igeleza nge-turbine, m3 / S; η— Ukusebenza kahle kwe-hydraulic turbine
Uma ikhanda lika-h liphakeme futhi uma u-Q ekhishwa kakhulu, kulapho ukusebenza kahle kwe-turbine kukhuphuka khona η Uma amandla ephakama, kulapho amandla okukhipha eba makhulu khona.

2. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nekhanda elifanele le-turbine yamanzi
Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Turbine
I-turbine yokusabela: I-Francis, ukugeleza kwe-axial, ukugeleza kwe-oblique kanye ne-turbine ye-tubular
I-Pelton turbine: I-Pelton turbine, i-oblique stroke turbine, i-double stroke turbine kanye ne-Pelton turbine
Ukugeleza okuxubile okuqondile
Ukugeleza kwe-axial okuqondile
Ukugeleza kwe-Oblique
Ikhanda elisebenzayo

I-turbine yokusabela:
I-turbine kaFrancis 20-700m
I-turbine yokugeleza kwe-Axial 3 ～ 80m
I-turbine yokugeleza ethambekele 25 ～ 200m
I-turbine ye-Tubular 1 ～ 25m

I-turbine yokucindezela:
I-Pelton turbine 300-1700m (enkulu), 40-250m (encane)
20 ～ 300m ye-turbine yomthelela we-oblique
I-turbine yokuchofoza kabili 5 ～ 100m (encane)
Uhlobo lwe-turbine lukhethwa ngokuya ngekhanda lokusebenza kanye nesivinini esithile

3. Amapharamitha ayisisekelo okusebenza kwe-hydraulic turbine
Ihlanganisa kakhulu ikhanda h, ukugeleza Q, ukuphuma P kanye nokusebenza kahle η、 Isivinini n.
Ikhanda eliyingqayizivele H:
Ikhanda eliphezulu kakhulu i-Hmax: ikhanda eliphezulu kakhulu elivunyelwe ukusebenza yi-turbine.
Ikhanda elincane le-Hmin: ikhanda elincane le-net lokusebenza okuphephile nokuzinzile kwe-hydraulic turbine.
Ikhanda elimaphakathi elinesisindo ha: inani elimaphakathi elinesisindo lazo zonke izinhloko zamanzi ze-turbine.
Ikhanda elilinganisiwe HR: ikhanda elincane elidingekayo ukuze i-turbine ikhiqize umkhiqizo olinganisiwe.
Ukukhishwa Q: ivolumu yokugeleza idlula engxenyeni ethile yokugeleza kwe-turbine ngesikhathi seyunithi, iyunithi evame ukusetshenziswa yi-m3 / s.
Isivinini n: inani lokujikeleza kwesigijimi se-turbine ngesikhathi seyunithi, esivame ukusetshenziswa ku-R / min.
Umphumela P: amandla okukhipha kokuphela komgodi we-turbine, iyunithi evame ukusetshenziswa: kW.
ukusebenza kahle η： Isilinganiso samandla okufaka kumandla okukhipha e-hydraulic turbine sibizwa ngokuthi ukusebenza kahle kwe-hydraulic turbine.

4. Isakhiwo esiyinhloko se-turbine
Izingxenye eziyinhloko zesakhiwo se-reaction turbine yi-volute, i-stay ring, i-guide mechanism, i-top cover, i-runner, i-main shaft, i-guide bearing, i-bottom ring, i-draft tube, njll. Izithombe ezingenhla zibonisa izingxenye eziyinhloko zesakhiwo se-turbine.

5. Ukuhlolwa kwefektri kwe-hydraulic turbine
Hlola, sebenzisa futhi uhlole izingxenye eziyinhloko njenge-volute, i-runner, i-main shaft, i-servomotor, i-guide bearing kanye nesembozo sangaphezulu.
Izinto zokuhlola eziyinhloko kanye nokuhlolwa:
1) Ukuhlolwa kwezinto;
2) Ukuhlolwa kokushisela;
3) Ukuhlolwa okungabhubhisi;
4) Ukuhlolwa kokucindezela;
5) Ukuhlolwa kobukhulu ；
6) Ukuhlanganiswa kwefektri;
7) Ukuhlolwa kokunyakaza;
8) Ukuhlolwa kwebhalansi ye-Runner static, njll.