Saldhigga tamarta tamarta ee kaydinta bamka ayaa ah tignoolajiyada ugu isticmaalka badan uguna qaan-gaadhka ah ee kaydinta tamarta baaxadda leh, awoodda rakiban ee saldhigga korontadu waxay gaari kartaa heerka gigawatt. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, saldhigga tamarta kaydinta bamka leh oo leh miisaanka horumarka ugu bislaaday adduunka.
Saldhigga tamarta kaydinta bamka ayaa leh tignoolajiyada qaan-gaadhka ah oo deggan iyo faa'iidooyin dhammaystiran oo sarreeya. Waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa xiirashada ugu sarreysa iyo heeganka. Saldhigga tamarta tamarta ee kaydinta bamka ayaa ah tignoolajiyada ugu isticmaalka badan uguna qaan-gaadhka ah ee kaydinta tamarta baaxadda leh, awoodda rakiban ee saldhigga korontadu waxay gaari kartaa heerka gigawatt.
Marka loo eego tirakoobka aan dhamaystirnayn ee Guddiga Xirfadlayaasha Kaydka Tamarta ee Ururka Cilmi-baarista Tamarta ee Shiinaha, waqtigan xaadirka ah, saldhigga tamarta kaydinta bamka leh ee horumarinta ugu bislaaday iyo awoodda ugu weyn ee lagu rakibay adduunka waa saldhigga tamarta kaydinta tamarta. Sannadka 2019, awoodda kaydinta tamarta adduunku waxa ay gaadhay 180 milyan KW, awoodda la rakibay ee saldhigyada tamarta kaydinta tamarta ayaa kor u dhaaftay 170 milyan KW, taasoo ka dhigan 94% wadarta kaydinta tamarta adduunka.
Saldhigga tamarta tamarta ee kaydinta bamgaraysan waxay isticmaashaa tamarta culeyska hooseeya ee nidaamka korantada si ay biyaha ugu shubto meesha sare ee kaydinta, iyo u daadinta biyaha korontadu inta lagu jiro xilliga ugu sarreeya. Marka culeysku yar yahay, saldhigga tamarta biyaha ee bamka lagu kaydiyo ayaa isticmaalaya; Marka ugu sarreeya, waa warshad koronto.
Unugga Saldhigga Awood-biyoodka ee Kaydinta Bamgaraysan waxa uu leeyahay laba hawlood oo aasaasi ah: bamgareynta iyo korontadda. Unuggu wuxuu u shaqeeyaa sidii marawaxadaha hawo-qaadista inta lagu jiro culeyska ugu sarreeya ee nidaamka korontada. Furitaanka hagaha hagaha marawaxadaha hawo-qaadista waxaa lagu hagaajiyaa iyada oo loo marayo nidaamka guddoomiyaha si loogu beddelo tamarta suurtagalka ah ee biyaha tamarta farsamada ee wareegga wareegga, ka dibna tamarta farsamada ayaa loo beddelaa tamarta korantada iyada oo loo marayo koronto-dhaliye;
Marka culeyska nidaamka korontadu uu hooseeyo, waxaa loo isticmaalaa sidii matoorka biyaha si uu u shaqeeyo. Tamarta korantada ee meesha hoose waxaa loo isticmaalaa in biyaha laga soo saaro kaydka hoose ilaa kaydka sare. Iyadoo loo marayo hagaajinta tooska ah ee nidaamka gudoomiyaha, furitaanka hagaha hagaha si toos ah ayaa loo hagaajiyaa iyadoo loo eegayo madaxa bamka, iyo tamarta korantada ayaa loo beddelaa tamarta suurtagalka ah ee biyaha ee kaydinta.
Saldhigga tamarta tamarta ee kaydinta bamgareynta ayaa inta badan mas'uul ka ah xiirashada ugu sarreysa, isbeddelka soo noqnoqda, heeganka degdegga ah iyo bilawga madow ee nidaamka korantada, taas oo hagaajin karta oo dheellitiri karta culeyska nidaamka korantada, hagaajinta tayada sahayda korantada iyo faa'iidooyinka dhaqaale ee nidaamka korantada, waana tiirka lagu hubinayo badbaadada, dhaqaalaha iyo shaqada xasilloon ee shabakada korontada. Saldhigga tamarta kaydinta bamka leh waxaa loo yaqaan "dejinta", "regulator" iyo "balancer" ee hawlgalka badbaadada leh ee xadhkaha korantada.
Isbeddelka horumarinta xarumaha tamarta tamarta ee bamka lagu keydiyo ee adduunka ayaa ah madax sare, awood weyn iyo xawaare sare. Madaxa biyaha sare macnaheedu waa in unuggu uu korayo ilaa madax biyo sare. Awoodda weyn waxay ka dhigan tahay in awoodda hal unug ay kordheyso. Xawaaraha sare waxaa loola jeedaa in unuggu uu qaato xawaare gaar ah oo sarreeya.
Qaab dhismeedka iyo sifooyinka
Dhismayaasha ugu waaweyn ee Saldhigga Korontada Bambaanada waxaa ka mid ah kaydka sare, kaydka hoose, nidaamka gudbinta biyaha, korontada iyo dhismayaal kale oo gaar ah. Marka la barbar dhigo saldhigyada tamarta korontada ee caadiga ah, qaab-dhismeedka biyo-dhareedka ee saldhigyada tamarta biyaha lagu kaydiyo ayaa leh sifooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee soo socda:
Waxaa jira laba kayd. Marka la barbar dhigo saldhigyada tamarta korontada ee caadiga ah ee leh awood isku mid ah, awoodda kaydka ee saldhigyada tamarta bamka ee kaydinta tamarta badanaa waa yar tahay.
Heerka biyaha kaydka ayaa si weyn isu beddela oo kor u kaca oo si joogto ah u dhaca. Si aad u gudato hawsha xiirashada ugu sarreysa iyo buuxinta dooxada ee shabagga korantada, kala duwanaanshaha maalinlaha ah ee heerka biyaha kaydka ee Saldhigga Kaydka Awoodda Biyaha ee Bamka leh ayaa badanaa ah mid weyn, guud ahaan in ka badan 10 ~ 20m, saldhigyada tamarta tamarta qaarkoodna waxay gaaraan 30 ~ 40m, iyo heerka kala duwanaanshaha h ~ 8m guud ahaan heerka biyaha waa mid degdeg ah, ama kor u kacaya / h.
Shuruudaha looga baahan yahay ka-hortagga-baxa kaydka ayaa sarreeya. Haddii xarunta tamarta bamka saafiga ah ee kaydinta tamarta ay lumiso biyo badan sababtoo ah daadinta kaydka sare, tamarta tamarta ee saldhiga ayaa yaraan doonta. Sidaa darteed, shuruudaha ka-hortagga-seegga kaydka ayaa sarreeya. Isla mar ahaantaana, si looga hortago in ay sii xumaato xaaladaha biyo-biyoodka ee aagga mashruuca, burburka jeexjeexyada iyo daadinta xoogga leh ee ay keento jeexjeexyada biyaha, shuruudo sare ayaa sidoo kale la soo bandhigay si looga hortago jeexjeexyada kaydka.
Madaxa biyaha ayaa sarreeya. Madaxa biyaha ee Saldhigga Awood-biyoodka ee Kaydka Biyaha ayaa guud ahaan sarreeya, badiyaa 200 ~ 800m. Jixi Pumped Storage Hydropower Station oo wadarta la rakibay oo dhan 1.8 milyan kW waa mashruucii ugu horeeyay ee 650 mitir qaybta madaxa ee Shiinaha, iyo Dunhua Pumped Storage Hydropower Station oo wadarta la rakibay oo dhan 1.4 milyan kW waa mashruucii ugu horeeyay ee 700 mitir qaybta madaxa ee Shiinaha. Iyada oo horumarinta joogtada ah ee heerka farsamada ee saldhigyada kaydinta tamarta bamka, tirada madaxa sare iyo saldhigyada tamarta waaweyn ee Shiinaha ayaa noqon doona mid aad iyo aad u badan.
Kor u qaadista rakibidda cutubku waa hooseeyaa. Si looga gudbo saamaynta guuxa iyo boodboodka ay ku leeyihiin korontadda, saldhigyada waaweyn ee kaydinta tamarta biyaha laga dhaliyo ee laga dhisay gudaha iyo dibadda ayaa inta badan waxay qaataan qaab koronto dhulka hoostiisa ah sanadihii ugu dambeeyay.
Waqtiga boostada: Abriil-25-2022
