Poyerekeza ndi jenereta ya turbine ya nthunzi, jenereta ya hydro ili ndi makhalidwe awa:
(1) Liwiro lake ndi lochepa. Popeza limachepetsedwa ndi mutu wamadzi, liwiro lozungulira nthawi zambiri limakhala lochepera 750r / min, ndipo ena amakhala ndi ma revolutions ambiri pamphindi imodzi.
(2) Chiwerengero cha maginito ndi chachikulu. Popeza liwiro lake ndi lochepa, kuti apange mphamvu yamagetsi ya 50Hz, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera chiwerengero cha maginito, kuti mphamvu ya maginito yodulira stator winding ikasinthe nthawi 50 pa sekondi.
(3) Kapangidwe kake ndi kakakulu kukula ndi kulemera kwake. Kumbali imodzi, liwiro lake ndi lochepa; Kumbali ina, ngati chipangizocho chakanidwa, kuti chitoliro chachitsulo chisasweke chifukwa cha nyundo yamadzi yamphamvu, nthawi yotseka mwadzidzidzi ya guide vane imafunika kukhala yayitali, koma izi zidzapangitsa kuti liwiro la chipangizocho likhale lalikulu kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, rotor imafunika kukhala ndi kulemera kwakukulu komanso kusakhala ndi mphamvu.
(4) Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mzere wolunjika. Pofuna kuchepetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthaka ndi mtengo wa mafakitale, majenereta akuluakulu ndi apakatikati nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito shaft yolunjika.
Majenereta a hydro angagawidwe m'mitundu yoyima ndi yopingasa malinga ndi kapangidwe kosiyana ka ma shaft awo ozungulira: Majenereta a hydro oyima angagawidwe m'mitundu yopachikidwa ndi ya ambulera malinga ndi malo osiyanasiyana a ma bearing awo oponderezedwa.
(1) Hydrogenerator Yopachikidwa. Chogwirira cha thrust chimayikidwa pakati kapena pamwamba pa chimango chapamwamba cha rotor, chomwe chimagwira ntchito bwino komanso chimasamalidwa bwino, koma kutalika kwake ndi kwakukulu ndipo ndalama zomwe zimayikidwa pafakitale ndi zazikulu.
(2) Jenereta yamadzi ya Umbrella. Chogwirira cha thrust chimayikidwa pakati pa thupi kapena pamwamba pake pa chimango chapansi cha rotor. Kawirikawiri, majenereta akuluakulu a hydro omwe ali ndi liwiro lapakati komanso lotsika ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa ambulera chifukwa cha kukula kwawo kwakukulu, kuti achepetse kutalika kwa unit, kusunga chitsulo ndikuchepetsa ndalama zomwe zimayikidwa m'fakitale. M'zaka zaposachedwa, kapangidwe ka kukhazikitsa thrust bearing pamwamba pa turbine yamadzi kapangidwa, ndipo kutalika kwa unit kumatha kuchepetsedwa.
2. Zigawo zazikulu
Jenereta ya hydro imapangidwa makamaka ndi stator, rotor, thrust bearing, top and lower guide bearing, upper and lower frames, upper and lower device ndi chipangizo choziziritsira mpweya, braking device ndi chipangizo chotsitsimula mpweya.
(1) Stator. Ndi gawo lopangira mphamvu zamagetsi, lomwe limapangidwa ndi zozungulira, chitsulo ndi chipolopolo. Chifukwa chakuti m'mimba mwake wa stator wa majenereta akuluakulu ndi apakatikati ndi waukulu kwambiri, nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi magawo onyamulira.
(2) Rotor. Ndi gawo lozungulira lomwe limapanga mphamvu ya maginito, lomwe limapangidwa ndi chothandizira, mphete ya magudumu ndi ndodo ya maginito. Mphete ya magudumu ndi gawo looneka ngati mphete lopangidwa ndi mbale yachitsulo yooneka ngati fan. Ndodo za maginito zimagawidwa kunja kwa mphete ya magudumu, ndipo mphete ya magudumu imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira ya mphamvu ya maginito. Chingwe chimodzi cha rotor yayikulu ndi yapakatikati chimasonkhanitsidwa pamalopo, kenako chimatenthedwa ndikuyikidwa pa shaft yayikulu ya jenereta. M'zaka zaposachedwa, kapangidwe kopanda shaft ya rotor kapangidwa, ndiko kuti, chothandizira cha rotor chimakhazikika mwachindunji kumapeto kwa shaft yayikulu ya turbine. Ubwino waukulu wa kapangidwe kameneka ndikuti imatha kuthetsa mavuto abwino a ma castings akulu ndi forgings omwe amayambitsidwa ndi unit yayikulu; Kuphatikiza apo, imathanso kuchepetsa kulemera kwa rotor ndi kutalika kwa kukweza, kuti ichepetse kutalika kwa chomera ndikubweretsa ndalama zina pakupanga kwa chomera chamagetsi.
(3) Chogwirira cha Thrust. Ndi gawo lomwe limanyamula kulemera konse kwa gawo lozungulira la chipangizocho ndi mphamvu ya axial hydraulic ya turbine.
(4) Njira Yoziziritsira. Hydrogenerator nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito mpweya ngati choziziritsira kuti iziziritse stator, rotor winding ndi stator core. Ma hydro jenereta ang'onoang'ono nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wotseguka kapena wapaipi, pomwe ma hydro jenereta akuluakulu ndi apakatikati nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wotsekedwa wodzizungulira. Pofuna kulimbitsa mphamvu yozizira, ma hydro generator ena amphamvu kwambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira yozizira yamkati ya kondakitala yopanda kanthu yomwe imadutsa mwachindunji mu choziziritsira, ndipo choziziritsiracho chimagwiritsa ntchito madzi kapena chosinthira chatsopano. Ma stator ndi rotor windings amaziziritsidwa mkati ndi madzi, ndipo chosinthira ndi madzi kapena chosinthira chatsopano. Ma stator ndi rotor windings omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kuziziritsa mkati mwa madzi amatchedwa double water internal cooling. Ma stator ndi rotor windings ndi chosinthira pakati chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito kuziziritsa madzi chimatchedwa full water internal cooling, koma ma stator ndi rotor windings omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kuziziritsa mkati mwa madzi amatchedwa semi water internal cooling.
Njira ina yozizira ya hydro generator ndi kuziziritsa kwa evaporative, komwe kumalumikiza madzi oundana ndi kondakitala wa hydro generator kuti aziziritse evaporative. Kuziziritsa kwa evaporative kuli ndi ubwino wakuti kutentha kwa kutentha kwa cooling medical ndi kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa kwa mpweya ndi madzi, ndipo kungachepetse kulemera ndi kukula kwa chipangizocho.
(5) Chipangizo chosonkhezera ndi kapangidwe kake ndizofanana ndi za mayunitsi amphamvu otenthetsera.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-01-2021
